(1) The following uses may be established in any area zoned for exclusive farm use:

(a) Churches and cemeteries in conjunction with churches.

(b) The propagation or harvesting of a forest product.

(c) Utility facilities necessary for public service, including wetland waste treatment systems but not including commercial facilities for the purpose of generating electrical power for public use by sale or transmission towers over 200 feet in height. A utility facility necessary for public service may be established as provided in:

(A) ORS § 215.275; or

(B) If the utility facility is an associated transmission line, as defined in ORS § 215.274 and 469.300.

(d) A dwelling on real property used for farm use if the dwelling is occupied by a relative of the farm operator or the farm operator’s spouse, which means a child, parent, stepparent, grandchild, grandparent, stepgrandparent, sibling, stepsibling, niece, nephew or first cousin of either, if the farm operator does or will require the assistance of the relative in the management of the farm use and the dwelling is located on the same lot or parcel as the dwelling of the farm operator. Notwithstanding ORS § 92.010 to 92.192 or the minimum lot or parcel size requirements under ORS § 215.780, if the owner of a dwelling described in this paragraph obtains construction financing or other financing secured by the dwelling and the secured party forecloses on the dwelling, the secured party may also foreclose on the homesite, as defined in ORS § 308A.250, and the foreclosure shall operate as a partition of the homesite to create a new parcel.

(e) Subject to ORS § 215.279, primary or accessory dwellings and other buildings customarily provided in conjunction with farm use.

(f) Operations for the exploration for and production of geothermal resources as defined by ORS § 522.005 and oil and gas as defined by ORS § 520.005, including the placement and operation of compressors, separators and other customary production equipment for an individual well adjacent to the wellhead. Any activities or construction relating to such operations shall not be a basis for an exception under ORS § 197.732 (2)(a) or (b).

(g) Operations for the exploration for minerals as defined by ORS § 517.750. Any activities or construction relating to such operations shall not be a basis for an exception under ORS § 197.732 (2)(a) or (b).

(h) Climbing and passing lanes within the right of way existing as of July 1, 1987.

(i) Reconstruction or modification of public roads and highways, including the placement of utility facilities overhead and in the subsurface of public roads and highways along the public right of way, but not including the addition of travel lanes, where no removal or displacement of buildings would occur, or no new land parcels result.

(j) Temporary public road and highway detours that will be abandoned and restored to original condition or use at such time as no longer needed.

(k) Minor betterment of existing public road and highway related facilities such as maintenance yards, weigh stations and rest areas, within right of way existing as of July 1, 1987, and contiguous public-owned property utilized to support the operation and maintenance of public roads and highways.

(L) A replacement dwelling to be used in conjunction with farm use if the existing dwelling has been listed in a county inventory as historic property as defined in ORS § 358.480.

(m) Creation, restoration or enhancement of wetlands.

(n) A winery, as described in ORS § 215.452 or 215.453.

(o) Farm stands if:

(A) The structures are designed and used for the sale of farm crops or livestock grown on the farm operation, or grown on the farm operation and other farm operations in the local agricultural area, including the sale of retail incidental items and fee-based activity to promote the sale of farm crops or livestock sold at the farm stand if the annual sale of incidental items and fees from promotional activity do not make up more than 25 percent of the total annual sales of the farm stand; and

(B) The farm stand does not include structures designed for occupancy as a residence or for activity other than the sale of farm crops or livestock and does not include structures for banquets, public gatherings or public entertainment.

(p) Alteration, restoration or replacement of a lawfully established dwelling, as described in ORS § 215.291.

(q) A site for the takeoff and landing of model aircraft, including such buildings or facilities as may reasonably be necessary. Buildings or facilities shall not be more than 500 square feet in floor area or placed on a permanent foundation unless the building or facility preexisted the use approved under this paragraph. The site shall not include an aggregate surface or hard surface area unless the surface preexisted the use approved under this paragraph. An owner of property used for the purpose authorized in this paragraph may charge a person operating the use on the property rent for the property. An operator may charge users of the property a fee that does not exceed the operator’s cost to maintain the property, buildings and facilities. As used in this paragraph, ‘model aircraft’ means a small-scale version of an airplane, glider, helicopter, dirigible or balloon that is used or intended to be used for flight and is controlled by radio, lines or design by a person on the ground.

(r) A facility for the processing of farm products as described in ORS § 215.255.

(s) Fire service facilities providing rural fire protection services.

(t) Irrigation reservoirs, canals, delivery lines and those structures and accessory operational facilities, not including parks or other recreational structures and facilities, associated with a district as defined in ORS § 540.505.

(u) Utility facility service lines. Utility facility service lines are utility lines and accessory facilities or structures that end at the point where the utility service is received by the customer and that are located on one or more of the following:

(A) A public right of way;

(B) Land immediately adjacent to a public right of way, provided the written consent of all adjacent property owners has been obtained; or

(C) The property to be served by the utility.

(v) Subject to the issuance of a license, permit or other approval by the Department of Environmental Quality under ORS § 454.695, 459.205, 468B.050, 468B.053 or 468B.055, or in compliance with rules adopted under ORS § 468B.095, and as provided in ORS § 215.246 to 215.251, the land application of reclaimed water, agricultural or industrial process water or biosolids, or the onsite treatment of septage prior to the land application of biosolids, for agricultural, horticultural or silvicultural production, or for irrigation in connection with a use allowed in an exclusive farm use zone under this chapter. For the purposes of this paragraph, onsite treatment of septage prior to the land application of biosolids is limited to treatment using treatment facilities that are portable, temporary and transportable by truck trailer, as defined in ORS § 801.580, during a period of time within which land application of biosolids is authorized under the license, permit or other approval.

(w) A county law enforcement facility that lawfully existed on August 20, 2002, and is used to provide rural law enforcement services primarily in rural areas, including parole and post-prison supervision, but not including a correctional facility as defined under ORS § 162.135.

(x) Dog training classes or testing trials, which may be conducted outdoors or in preexisting farm buildings, when:

(A) The number of dogs participating in training does not exceed 10 dogs per training class and the number of training classes to be held on-site does not exceed six per day; and

(B) The number of dogs participating in a testing trial does not exceed 60 and the number of testing trials to be conducted on-site is limited to four or fewer trials per calendar year.

(y) A cider business, as described in ORS § 215.451.

(z) A farm brewery, as described in ORS § 215.449.

(2) The following nonfarm uses may be established, subject to the approval of the governing body or its designee in any area zoned for exclusive farm use subject to ORS § 215.296:

(a) Commercial activities that are in conjunction with farm use, including the processing of farm crops into biofuel not permitted under ORS § 215.203 (2)(b)(K) or 215.255.

(b) Operations conducted for:

(A) Mining and processing of geothermal resources as defined by ORS § 522.005 and oil and gas as defined by ORS § 520.005 not otherwise permitted under subsection (1)(f) of this section;

(B) Mining, crushing or stockpiling of aggregate and other mineral and other subsurface resources subject to ORS § 215.298;

(C) Processing, as defined by ORS § 517.750, of aggregate into asphalt or portland cement; and

(D) Processing of other mineral resources and other subsurface resources.

(c) Private parks, playgrounds, hunting and fishing preserves and campgrounds. Subject to the approval of the county governing body or its designee, a private campground may provide yurts for overnight camping. No more than one-third or a maximum of 10 campsites, whichever is smaller, may include a yurt. The yurt shall be located on the ground or on a wood floor with no permanent foundation. Upon request of a county governing body, the Land Conservation and Development Commission may provide by rule for an increase in the number of yurts allowed on all or a portion of the campgrounds in a county if the commission determines that the increase will comply with the standards described in ORS § 215.296 (1). As used in this paragraph, ‘yurt’ means a round, domed shelter of cloth or canvas on a collapsible frame with no plumbing, sewage disposal hookup or internal cooking appliance.

(d) Parks and playgrounds. A public park may be established consistent with the provisions of ORS § 195.120.

(e) Community centers owned by a governmental agency or a nonprofit community organization and operated primarily by and for residents of the local rural community. A community center authorized under this paragraph may provide services to veterans, including but not limited to emergency and transitional shelter, preparation and service of meals, vocational and educational counseling and referral to local, state or federal agencies providing medical, mental health, disability income replacement and substance abuse services, only in a facility that is in existence on January 1, 2006. The services may not include direct delivery of medical, mental health, disability income replacement or substance abuse services.

(f) Golf courses on land:

(A) Determined not to be high-value farmland, as defined in ORS § 195.300 (10); or

(B) Determined to be high-value farmland described in ORS § 195.300 (10)(c) if the land:

(i) Is not otherwise described in ORS § 195.300 (10);

(ii) Is surrounded on all sides by an approved golf course; and

(iii) Is west of U.S. Highway 101.

(g) Commercial utility facilities for the purpose of generating power for public use by sale. If the area zoned for exclusive farm use is high-value farmland, a photovoltaic solar power generation facility may be established as a commercial utility facility as provided in ORS § 215.447. A renewable energy facility as defined in ORS § 215.446 may be established as a commercial utility facility.

(h) Personal-use airports for airplanes and helicopter pads, including associated hangar, maintenance and service facilities. A personal-use airport, as used in this section, means an airstrip restricted, except for aircraft emergencies, to use by the owner, and, on an infrequent and occasional basis, by invited guests, and by commercial aviation activities in connection with agricultural operations. No aircraft may be based on a personal-use airport other than those owned or controlled by the owner of the airstrip. Exceptions to the activities permitted under this definition may be granted through waiver action by the Oregon Department of Aviation in specific instances. A personal-use airport lawfully existing as of September 13, 1975, shall continue to be permitted subject to any applicable rules of the Oregon Department of Aviation.

(i) Home occupations as provided in ORS § 215.448.

(j) A facility for the primary processing of forest products, provided that such facility is found to not seriously interfere with accepted farming practices and is compatible with farm uses described in ORS § 215.203 (2). Such a facility may be approved for a one-year period which is renewable. These facilities are intended to be only portable or temporary in nature. The primary processing of a forest product, as used in this section, means the use of a portable chipper or stud mill or other similar methods of initial treatment of a forest product in order to enable its shipment to market. Forest products, as used in this section, means timber grown upon a parcel of land or contiguous land where the primary processing facility is located.

(k) A site for the disposal of solid waste approved by the governing body of a city or county or both and for which a permit has been granted under ORS § 459.245 by the Department of Environmental Quality together with equipment, facilities or buildings necessary for its operation.

(L) One manufactured dwelling or recreational vehicle, or the temporary residential use of an existing building, in conjunction with an existing dwelling as a temporary use for the term of a hardship suffered by the existing resident or a relative of the resident. Within three months of the end of the hardship, the manufactured dwelling or recreational vehicle shall be removed or demolished or, in the case of an existing building, the building shall be removed, demolished or returned to an allowed nonresidential use. The governing body or its designee shall provide for periodic review of the hardship claimed under this paragraph. A temporary residence approved under this paragraph is not eligible for replacement under subsection (1)(p) of this section.

(m) Transmission towers over 200 feet in height.

(n)(A) Commercial dog boarding kennels; or

(B) Dog training classes or testing trials that cannot be established under subsection (1)(x) of this section.

(o) Residential homes as defined in ORS § 197.660, in existing dwellings.

(p) The propagation, cultivation, maintenance and harvesting of aquatic species that are not under the jurisdiction of the State Fish and Wildlife Commission or insect species. Insect species shall not include any species under quarantine by the State Department of Agriculture or the United States Department of Agriculture. The county shall provide notice of all applications under this paragraph to the State Department of Agriculture. Notice shall be provided in accordance with the county’s land use regulations but shall be mailed at least 20 calendar days prior to any administrative decision or initial public hearing on the application.

(q) Construction of additional passing and travel lanes requiring the acquisition of right of way but not resulting in the creation of new land parcels.

(r) Reconstruction or modification of public roads and highways involving the removal or displacement of buildings but not resulting in the creation of new land parcels.

(s) Improvement of public road and highway related facilities, such as maintenance yards, weigh stations and rest areas, where additional property or right of way is required but not resulting in the creation of new land parcels.

(t) A destination resort that is approved consistent with the requirements of any statewide planning goal relating to the siting of a destination resort.

(u) Room and board arrangements for a maximum of five unrelated persons in existing residences.

(v) Operations for the extraction and bottling of water.

(w) Expansion of existing county fairgrounds and activities directly relating to county fairgrounds governed by county fair boards established pursuant to ORS § 565.210.

(x) A living history museum related to resource based activities owned and operated by a governmental agency or a local historical society, together with limited commercial activities and facilities that are directly related to the use and enjoyment of the museum and located within authentic buildings of the depicted historic period or the museum administration building, if areas other than an exclusive farm use zone cannot accommodate the museum and related activities or if the museum administration buildings and parking lot are located within one quarter mile of an urban growth boundary. As used in this paragraph:

(A) ‘Living history museum’ means a facility designed to depict and interpret everyday life and culture of some specific historic period using authentic buildings, tools, equipment and people to simulate past activities and events; and

(B) ‘Local historical society’ means the local historical society recognized by the county governing body and organized under ORS Chapter 65.

(y) An aerial fireworks display business that has been in continuous operation at its current location within an exclusive farm use zone since December 31, 1986, and possesses a wholesaler’s permit to sell or provide fireworks.

(z) A landscape contracting business, as defined in ORS § 671.520, or a business providing landscape architecture services, as described in ORS § 671.318, if the business is pursued in conjunction with the growing and marketing of nursery stock on the land that constitutes farm use.

(aa) Public or private schools for kindergarten through grade 12, including all buildings essential to the operation of a school, primarily for residents of the rural area in which the school is located.

(bb) Equine and equine-affiliated therapeutic and counseling activities, provided:

(A) The activities are conducted in existing buildings that were lawfully constructed on the property before January 1, 2019, or in new buildings that are accessory, incidental and subordinate to the farm use on the tract; and

(B) All individuals conducting therapeutic or counseling activities are acting within the proper scope of any licenses required by the state.

(cc) Guest ranches in eastern Oregon, as described in ORS § 215.461.

(dd) Child care facilities, preschool recorded programs or school-age recorded programs that are:

(A) Authorized under ORS § 329A.250 to 329A.450;

(B) Primarily for the children of residents and workers of the rural area in which the facility or program is located; and

(C) Colocated with a community center or a public or private school allowed under this subsection.

(3) Roads, highways and other transportation facilities and improvements not allowed under subsections (1) and (2) of this section may be established, subject to the approval of the governing body or its designee, in areas zoned for exclusive farm use subject to:

(a) Adoption of an exception to the goal related to agricultural lands and to any other applicable goal with which the facility or improvement does not comply; or

(b) ORS § 215.296 for those uses identified by rule of the Land Conservation and Development Commission as provided in section 3, chapter 529, Oregon Laws 1993.

(4) The following agri-tourism and other commercial events or activities that are related to and supportive of agriculture may be established in any area zoned for exclusive farm use:

(a) A county may authorize a single agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity on a tract in a calendar year by an authorization that is personal to the applicant and is not transferred by, or transferable with, a conveyance of the tract, if the agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity meets any local standards that apply and:

(A) The agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity is incidental and subordinate to existing farm use on the tract;

(B) The duration of the agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity does not exceed 72 consecutive hours;

(C) The maximum attendance at the agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity does not exceed 500 people;

(D) The maximum number of motor vehicles parked at the site of the agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity does not exceed 250 vehicles;

(E) The agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity complies with ORS § 215.296;

(F) The agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity occurs outdoors, in temporary structures, or in existing permitted structures, subject to health and fire and life safety requirements; and

(G) The agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity complies with conditions established for:

(i) Planned hours of operation;

(ii) Access, egress and parking;

(iii) A traffic management plan that identifies the projected number of vehicles and any anticipated use of public roads; and

(iv) Sanitation and solid waste.

(b) In the alternative to paragraphs (a) and (c) of this subsection, a county may authorize, through an expedited, single-event license, a single agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity on a tract in a calendar year by an expedited, single-event license that is personal to the applicant and is not transferred by, or transferable with, a conveyance of the tract. A decision concerning an expedited, single-event license is not a land use decision, as defined in ORS § 197.015. To approve an expedited, single-event license, the governing body of a county or its designee must determine that the proposed agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity meets any local standards that apply, and the agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity:

(A) Must be incidental and subordinate to existing farm use on the tract;

(B) May not begin before 6 a.m. or end after 10 p.m.;

(C) May not involve more than 100 attendees or 50 vehicles;

(D) May not include the artificial amplification of music or voices before 8 a.m. or after 8 p.m.;

(E) May not require or involve the construction or use of a new permanent structure in connection with the agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity;

(F) Must be located on a tract of at least 10 acres unless the owners or residents of adjoining properties consent, in writing, to the location; and

(G) Must comply with applicable health and fire and life safety requirements.

(c) In the alternative to paragraphs (a) and (b) of this subsection, a county may authorize up to six agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities on a tract in a calendar year by a limited use permit that is personal to the applicant and is not transferred by, or transferable with, a conveyance of the tract. The agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities must meet any local standards that apply, and the agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities:

(A) Must be incidental and subordinate to existing farm use on the tract;

(B) May not, individually, exceed a duration of 72 consecutive hours;

(C) May not require that a new permanent structure be built, used or occupied in connection with the agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities;

(D) Must comply with ORS § 215.296;

(E) May not, in combination with other agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities authorized in the area, materially alter the stability of the land use pattern in the area; and

(F) Must comply with conditions established for:

(i) The types of agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities that are authorized during each calendar year, including the number and duration of the agri-tourism or other commercial events and activities, the anticipated daily attendance and the hours of operation;

(ii) The location of existing structures and the location of proposed temporary structures to be used in connection with the agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities;

(iii) The location of access and egress and parking facilities to be used in connection with the agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities;

(iv) Traffic management, including the projected number of vehicles and any anticipated use of public roads; and

(v) Sanitation and solid waste.

(d) In addition to paragraphs (a) to (c) of this subsection, a county may authorize agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities that occur more frequently or for a longer period or that do not otherwise comply with paragraphs (a) to (c) of this subsection if the agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities comply with any local standards that apply and the agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities:

(A) Are incidental and subordinate to existing commercial farm use of the tract and are necessary to support the commercial farm uses or the commercial agricultural enterprises in the area;

(B) Comply with the requirements of paragraph (c)(C), (D), (E) and (F) of this subsection;

(C) Occur on a lot or parcel that complies with the acknowledged minimum lot or parcel size; and

(D) Do not exceed 18 events or activities in a calendar year.

(5) A holder of a permit authorized by a county under subsection (4)(d) of this section must request review of the permit at four-year intervals. Upon receipt of a request for review, the county shall:

(a) Provide public notice and an opportunity for public comment as part of the review process; and

(b) Limit its review to events and activities authorized by the permit, conformance with conditions of approval required by the permit and the standards established by subsection (4)(d) of this section.

(6) For the purposes of subsection (4) of this section:

(a) A county may authorize the use of temporary structures established in connection with the agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities authorized under subsection (4) of this section. However, the temporary structures must be removed at the end of the agri-tourism or other event or activity. The county may not approve an alteration to the land in connection with an agri-tourism or other commercial event or activity authorized under subsection (4) of this section, including, but not limited to, grading, filling or paving.

(b) The county may issue the limited use permits authorized by subsection (4)(c) of this section for two calendar years. When considering an application for renewal, the county shall ensure compliance with the provisions of subsection (4)(c) of this section, any local standards that apply and conditions that apply to the permit or to the agri-tourism or other commercial events or activities authorized by the permit.

(c) The authorizations provided by subsection (4) of this section are in addition to other authorizations that may be provided by law, except that ‘outdoor mass gathering’ and ‘other gathering,’ as those terms are used in ORS § 197.015 (10)(d), do not include agri-tourism or other commercial events and activities. [1983 c.826 § 17; 1985 c.544 § 3; 1985 c.583 § 2; 1985 c.604 § 4; 1985 c.717 § 7; 1985 c.811 § 7; 1987 c.227 § 2; 1987 c.729 § 5a; 1987 c.886 § 10; 1989 c.224 § 27; 1989 c.525 § 2; 1989 c.564 § 9; 1989 c.648 § 61; 1989 c.739 § 2; 1989 c.837 § 27; 1989 c.861 § 2; 1989 c.964 § 11; 1991 c.459 § 348; 1991 c.950 § 1; 1993 c.466 § 2; 1993 c.704 § 3; 1993 c.792 § 14; subsections (3) to (8) renumbered 215.284 in 1993; 1995 c.528 § 2; 1997 c.250 § 2; 1997 c.276 § 2; 1997 c.312 § 2; 1997 c.318 § 3; 1997 c.363 § 2; 1997 c.862 § 3; 1999 c.320 § 1; 1999 c.608 § 2; 1999 c.640 § 2; 1999 c.756 14a,14b; 1999 c.758 § 2; 1999 c.816 § 2; 1999 c.935 § 22; 2001 c.149 2,3; 2001 c.488 2,3; 2001 c.544 1,2; 2001 c.613 8,9; 2001 c.676 2,3; 2001 c.757 2,3; 2001 c.941 2,3; 2003 c.247 § 3; 2005 c.22 § 163; 2005 c.354 § 4; 2005 c.609 § 26; 2005 c.625 § 76; 2005 c.693 § 3; 2005 c.737 § 1; 2007 c.71 § 72; 2007 c.541 § 2; 2007 c.739 § 36; 2009 c.850 § 2; 2011 c.459 § 3; 2011 c.462 § 2; 2011 c.567 § 2; 2011 c.679 § 8; 2012 c.74 § 3; 2013 c.197 § 2; 2013 c.242 § 4; 2013 c.462 5,8; 2017 c.148 3,4; 2017 c.253 5,6; 2017 c.393 1,2; 2017 c.504 5,6; 2018 c.119 3,4; 2019 c.244 5,6; 2019 c.270 3,4; 2019 c.410 8,9; 2019 c.440 § 7; 2019 c.650 7,8; 2021 c.369 § 10]