Kentucky Statutes 350.990 – Penalties
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(1) Any permittee, person, or operator who violates any of the provisions of this chapter or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto or who fails to perform the duties imposed by these provisions, except the refusal or failure to obtain a permit or other authorization as provided in this chapter, or who violates any determination or order issued pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, may be liable to a civil penalty of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for the violation, and an additional civil penalty of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for each day during which the violation continues, and in addition, may be enjoined from continuing the violations provided in this section. Any permittee, operator, or person who fails to abate a violation noted in a notice of noncompliance or an order for immediate compliance and cessation within the time period prescribed for the abatement shall be assessed a civil penalty of not less than seven hundred fifty dollars ($750) for each day during which the violation continues. Any person issued an order pursuant to KRS § 350.130(4) shall be assessed a civil penalty of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for each violation cited in the underlying notice of noncompliance issued therewith. No separate civil penalty shall be assessed for the order issued pursuant to KRS § 350.130(4). Each day of continuing violation may be deemed a separate violation for purposes of penalty assessment. The cabinet shall develop a method for calculating monetary penalties and shall promulgate it as an administrative regulation. The secretary or a designated representative, upon his or her own initiative or upon written request received within fifteen (15) days after the cabinet mails its proposed penalty assessment, may waive the use of the method for calculating monetary penalties if he or she determines that, taking into account exceptional factors present in the particular case, the penalty is demonstrably unjust. The basis for every waiver shall be fully explained and documented in the records of the case. If the secretary or his or her designated representative waives the use of the formula, he or she shall determine the appropriate penalty upon consideration of the permittee’s history of previous violations at the particular surface coal mining operation, the seriousness of the violation, whether the permittee was negligent, and the demonstrated good faith of the permittee charged in attempting to achieve rapid compliance after notification of the violation. The penalties shall be recoverable in an action brought in the name of the Commonwealth of Kentucky by the cabinet. The Franklin Circuit Court shall hold concurrent jurisdiction and venue of all civil and injunctive actions instituted by the cabinet for the enforcement of the provisions of this chapter or the orders and administrative regulations of the cabinet promulgated pursuant thereto. All sums recovered shall be placed in the State Treasury, except those moneys collected in excess of eight hundred thousand dollars ($800,000) in any fiscal year shall be deposited into the restricted fund account of the Office of the Commissioner of the Department for Natural Resources to be disbursed for the purposes set out in KRS Chapters 350, 351, and 352. All moneys previously deposited in the abandoned mine land enhancement fund shall be redeposited in the reclamation guaranty fund.
(2) Any person or operator who engages in surface coal mining operations without first
For details, see § 532.060 and § 532.090
securing a permit, as provided in KRS § 350.060, or any person who engages in coal exploration operations, exclusive of core drilling, without proper authorization, as required by the cabinet pursuant to KRS § 350.057 or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, or any person or operator who engages in other mining operations, without proper authorization as required by this chapter or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, shall be liable to a civil penalty for damages to the Commonwealth of not less than five thousand dollars ($5,000) nor more than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) and in addition, may be enjoined from continuing the violations. Each day shall constitute a separate violation. In addition to the foregoing penalties, any permittee, person, or operator who fails to abate a violation of KRS § 350.060 or KRS § 350.029 or KRS § 350.057, as noted in a notice of noncompliance or an order for immediate compliance and cessation within the time period prescribed for the abatement, shall be assessed an additional civil penalty of not less than seven hundred fifty dollars ($750) for each day during which the violation continues. However, the penalties provided in subsection (1) of this section shall apply in lieu of the penalties provided in this subsection where an operator or permittee through inadvertence has exceeded the boundaries or expiration date of the permit in effect at that time.
(3) The cabinet shall bring an action for the recovery of penalties and bring an action for a restraining order, temporary or permanent injunction, against any permittee, operator, or person violating or threatening to violate any of the provisions of this chapter or violating or threatening to violate any order or determination issued pursuant to the provisions of this chapter. The Franklin Circuit Court shall hold concurrent jurisdiction and venue of all civil and injunctive actions instituted by the cabinet for the enforcement of the provisions of this chapter or the orders and administrative regulations of the cabinet promulgated pursuant thereto.
(4) Any permittee, operator, or person who knowingly and willfully violates any of the provisions of this chapter, except as provided in subsection (5) of this section, or any determination or order issued pursuant to the sections of this chapter which have become final, shall be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor. Each day on which the violation occurs may constitute a separate offense.
(5) (a) Any person or operator who, in violation of KRS § 350.060(1)(a) willfully and knowingly engages in surface coal mining operations without first obtaining a permit from the cabinet, or any person or operator who willfully and knowingly engages in coal exploration operations, exclusive of core drilling, without proper authorization, as required by the cabinet pursuant to KRS
350.057 or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, or any person or operator who willfully and knowingly engages in other mining operations without proper authorization as required by this chapter or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, with the intent to violate the laws, shall be guilty of a Class D felony.
(b) Any person or operator who in violation of KRS § 350.060(1)(b) willfully and knowingly receives, transports, sells, conveys, transfers, trades, exchanges, donates, purchases, delivers, or in any way derives benefit from coal removed
from any surface mining operations conducted in violation of KRS
350.060(1)(a) or 350.057 shall be guilty of a Class D felony.
(6) Any person who violates any of the provisions of KRS § 350.600 or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto shall be subject to civil penalties of not more than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000). Each day of continuing violation shall be deemed a separate violation.
(7) Any permittee, operator, or person who knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or certification, or knowingly fails to make any statement, representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan, or other document filed or required to be maintained by the cabinet, shall upon conviction be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
(8) Except as permitted by law, any permittee, operator, or person who willfully and knowingly resists, prevents, impedes, or interferes with the secretary or other personnel of the cabinet in the performance of duties pursuant to this chapter shall be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
(9) When a corporate permittee violates any provision of this chapter or administrative regulation promulgated pursuant thereto or fails or refuses to comply with any final order issued by the secretary, any director, officer, or agent of the corporation who willfully and knowingly authorized, ordered, or carried out the violation, failure, or refusal shall be subject to the same civil penalties, fines, and imprisonment as may be imposed upon a person pursuant to this section.
(10) Upon notice by the secretary that any surety has failed to comply with the provisions of KRS § 350.032(3), the commissioner of the Kentucky Department of Insurance shall revoke the surety’s certificate of authority to conduct insurance business within the Commonwealth of Kentucky.
(11) The cabinet, upon written request by any permittee, person, or operator subject to any penalty assessment under this section and pursuant to procedures, if any, set forth by administrative regulation and after consultation with the local county fiscal court, may allow as an alternative to the payment of any assessed penalty under this section the performance of in-kind reclamation, environmental rehabilitation, or similar action to correct environmental pollution. The in-kind work shall not substitute for those remedial measures mandated by the cabinet for the correction of any violations. The estimated cost of the in-kind work shall be greater than the penalty assessment. The cabinet’s Division of Abandoned Mine Lands shall have the authority to approve proposed in-kind projects and to recommend projects to the cabinet, and shall determine whether the estimated cost of the in-kind work exceeds the penalty assessment. For the purposes of this subsection, the cost of the in-kind work shall include only those expenditures for actual on-site reclamation or rehabilitation work, including direct equipment, personnel, and material cost, but excluding administrative overhead or transportation costs. Failure to perform the in- kind work as agreed upon by the person or operator subject to the penalty assessment shall reinstate the liability of the person, permittee, or operator for the full amount of the assessed penalty. The cabinet may prepare and promulgate administrative regulations as are necessary to implement and administer the
provisions of this subsection.
Effective: July 14, 2018
History: Amended 2018 Ky. Acts ch. 85, sec. 8, effective July 14, 2018. — Amended
2013 Ky. Acts ch. 78, sec. 11, effective March 22, 2013. — Amended 2010 Ky. Acts ch. 24, sec. 1896, effective July 15, 2010. — Amended 1998 Ky. Acts ch. 148, sec. 1, effective July 15, 1998; and ch. 222, sec. 3, effective July 15, 1998. — Amended
1996 Ky. Acts ch. 210, sec. 2, effective July 15, 1996. — Amended 1992 Ky. Acts ch.
120, sec. 3 effective July 14, 1992; ch. 429, sec. 35, effective July 14, 1992; and ch.
463, sec. 38, effective July 14, 1992. — Amended 1990 Ky. Acts ch. 202, sec. 1, effective July 13, 1990; ch. 210, sec. 13, effective July 13, 1990; ch. 212, sec. 5, effective July 13, 1990; and ch. 399, sec. 7, effective July 13, 1990. — Amended
1988 Ky. Acts ch. 397, sec. 11, effective July 15, 1988. — Amended 1986 Ky. Acts ch. 137, sec. 13, effective July 15, 1986; and ch. 394, sec. 1, effective July 15, 1986.
— Amended 1984 Ky. Acts ch. 257, sec. 2, effective July 13, 1984; and ch. 282, sec.
2, effective July 13, 1984. — Amended 1982 Ky. Acts ch. 150, sec. 4, effective July
15, 1982; and ch. 283, sec. 9, effective April 2, 1982. — Amended 1980 Ky. Acts ch.
62, sec. 35; ch. 260, sec. 1, effective July `15, 1980; and ch. 377, sec. 3, effective
March 21, 1980. — Amended 1978 Ky. Acts ch. 332, sec. 11, effective June 17,
1978. — Amended 1976 Ky. Acts ch. 289, sec. 1; and ch. 291, sec. 2. — Amended
1972 (1st Extra. Sess.) Ky. Acts ch. 3, sec. 80. — Amended 1966 Ky. Acts ch. 4, sec.
27. — Amended 1962 Ky. Acts ch. 105, sec. 14. — Amended 1960 Ky. Acts ch. 143, sec. 6. — Created 1954 Ky. Acts ch. 8, sec. 17.
Legislative Research Commission Note (7/13/90). This section was amended by four
1990 Acts. Where those Acts are not in conflict, they have been compiled together. Where a conflict exists, the Act which was last enacted by the General Assembly prevails, pursuant to KRS § 446.250.
(2) Any person or operator who engages in surface coal mining operations without first
Attorney's Note
Under the Kentucky Statutes, punishments for crimes depend on the classification. In the case of this section:| Class | Prison | Fine |
|---|---|---|
| Class D felony | between 1 and 5 years | between $1,000 and $10,000 |
| Class A misdemeanor | up to 12 months | up to $500 |
Terms Used In Kentucky Statutes 350.990
- Action: includes all proceedings in any court of this state. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
- Cabinet: means the Energy and Environment Cabinet. See Kentucky Statutes 350.010
- Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
- Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
- Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
- Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
- Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
- Operations: means surface coal mining operations, all of the premises, facilities, roads, and equipment used in the process of producing coal from a designated area or removing overburden for the purpose of determining the location, quality, or quantity of a natural coal deposit or the activity to facilitate or accomplish the extraction or the removal of coal. See Kentucky Statutes 350.010
- Operator: means any person, partnership, or corporation engaged in surface coal mining operations who removes or intends to remove more than twenty-five (25) tons of coal from the earth by coal mining within twelve (12) consecutive calendar months in any one (1) location. See Kentucky Statutes 350.010
- Permittee: means a person holding a permit to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations. See Kentucky Statutes 350.010
- Person: means any individual, partnership, corporation, association, society, joint stock company, firm, company, or other business organization and shall also include any agency, unit, or instrumentality of federal, state, or local government including any publicly-owned utility or publicly-owned corporation of federal, state, or local government. See Kentucky Statutes 350.010
- Reclamation: means the reconditioning of the area affected by surface coal mining operations under a plan approved by the cabinet. See Kentucky Statutes 350.010
- Secretary: means the secretary of the Energy and Environment Cabinet. See Kentucky Statutes 350.010
- State: when applied to a part of the United States, includes territories, outlying possessions, and the District of Columbia. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
- Surface coal mining operations: means activities conducted on the surface of lands in connection with a surface coal mine and surface impacts incident to an underground coal mine. See Kentucky Statutes 350.010
- Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
- Violate: includes failure to comply with. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
securing a permit, as provided in KRS § 350.060, or any person who engages in coal exploration operations, exclusive of core drilling, without proper authorization, as required by the cabinet pursuant to KRS § 350.057 or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, or any person or operator who engages in other mining operations, without proper authorization as required by this chapter or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, shall be liable to a civil penalty for damages to the Commonwealth of not less than five thousand dollars ($5,000) nor more than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) and in addition, may be enjoined from continuing the violations. Each day shall constitute a separate violation. In addition to the foregoing penalties, any permittee, person, or operator who fails to abate a violation of KRS § 350.060 or KRS § 350.029 or KRS § 350.057, as noted in a notice of noncompliance or an order for immediate compliance and cessation within the time period prescribed for the abatement, shall be assessed an additional civil penalty of not less than seven hundred fifty dollars ($750) for each day during which the violation continues. However, the penalties provided in subsection (1) of this section shall apply in lieu of the penalties provided in this subsection where an operator or permittee through inadvertence has exceeded the boundaries or expiration date of the permit in effect at that time.
(3) The cabinet shall bring an action for the recovery of penalties and bring an action for a restraining order, temporary or permanent injunction, against any permittee, operator, or person violating or threatening to violate any of the provisions of this chapter or violating or threatening to violate any order or determination issued pursuant to the provisions of this chapter. The Franklin Circuit Court shall hold concurrent jurisdiction and venue of all civil and injunctive actions instituted by the cabinet for the enforcement of the provisions of this chapter or the orders and administrative regulations of the cabinet promulgated pursuant thereto.
(4) Any permittee, operator, or person who knowingly and willfully violates any of the provisions of this chapter, except as provided in subsection (5) of this section, or any determination or order issued pursuant to the sections of this chapter which have become final, shall be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor. Each day on which the violation occurs may constitute a separate offense.
(5) (a) Any person or operator who, in violation of KRS § 350.060(1)(a) willfully and knowingly engages in surface coal mining operations without first obtaining a permit from the cabinet, or any person or operator who willfully and knowingly engages in coal exploration operations, exclusive of core drilling, without proper authorization, as required by the cabinet pursuant to KRS
350.057 or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, or any person or operator who willfully and knowingly engages in other mining operations without proper authorization as required by this chapter or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, with the intent to violate the laws, shall be guilty of a Class D felony.
(b) Any person or operator who in violation of KRS § 350.060(1)(b) willfully and knowingly receives, transports, sells, conveys, transfers, trades, exchanges, donates, purchases, delivers, or in any way derives benefit from coal removed
from any surface mining operations conducted in violation of KRS
350.060(1)(a) or 350.057 shall be guilty of a Class D felony.
(6) Any person who violates any of the provisions of KRS § 350.600 or administrative regulations promulgated pursuant thereto shall be subject to civil penalties of not more than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000). Each day of continuing violation shall be deemed a separate violation.
(7) Any permittee, operator, or person who knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or certification, or knowingly fails to make any statement, representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan, or other document filed or required to be maintained by the cabinet, shall upon conviction be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
(8) Except as permitted by law, any permittee, operator, or person who willfully and knowingly resists, prevents, impedes, or interferes with the secretary or other personnel of the cabinet in the performance of duties pursuant to this chapter shall be guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
(9) When a corporate permittee violates any provision of this chapter or administrative regulation promulgated pursuant thereto or fails or refuses to comply with any final order issued by the secretary, any director, officer, or agent of the corporation who willfully and knowingly authorized, ordered, or carried out the violation, failure, or refusal shall be subject to the same civil penalties, fines, and imprisonment as may be imposed upon a person pursuant to this section.
(10) Upon notice by the secretary that any surety has failed to comply with the provisions of KRS § 350.032(3), the commissioner of the Kentucky Department of Insurance shall revoke the surety’s certificate of authority to conduct insurance business within the Commonwealth of Kentucky.
(11) The cabinet, upon written request by any permittee, person, or operator subject to any penalty assessment under this section and pursuant to procedures, if any, set forth by administrative regulation and after consultation with the local county fiscal court, may allow as an alternative to the payment of any assessed penalty under this section the performance of in-kind reclamation, environmental rehabilitation, or similar action to correct environmental pollution. The in-kind work shall not substitute for those remedial measures mandated by the cabinet for the correction of any violations. The estimated cost of the in-kind work shall be greater than the penalty assessment. The cabinet’s Division of Abandoned Mine Lands shall have the authority to approve proposed in-kind projects and to recommend projects to the cabinet, and shall determine whether the estimated cost of the in-kind work exceeds the penalty assessment. For the purposes of this subsection, the cost of the in-kind work shall include only those expenditures for actual on-site reclamation or rehabilitation work, including direct equipment, personnel, and material cost, but excluding administrative overhead or transportation costs. Failure to perform the in- kind work as agreed upon by the person or operator subject to the penalty assessment shall reinstate the liability of the person, permittee, or operator for the full amount of the assessed penalty. The cabinet may prepare and promulgate administrative regulations as are necessary to implement and administer the
provisions of this subsection.
Effective: July 14, 2018
History: Amended 2018 Ky. Acts ch. 85, sec. 8, effective July 14, 2018. — Amended
2013 Ky. Acts ch. 78, sec. 11, effective March 22, 2013. — Amended 2010 Ky. Acts ch. 24, sec. 1896, effective July 15, 2010. — Amended 1998 Ky. Acts ch. 148, sec. 1, effective July 15, 1998; and ch. 222, sec. 3, effective July 15, 1998. — Amended
1996 Ky. Acts ch. 210, sec. 2, effective July 15, 1996. — Amended 1992 Ky. Acts ch.
120, sec. 3 effective July 14, 1992; ch. 429, sec. 35, effective July 14, 1992; and ch.
463, sec. 38, effective July 14, 1992. — Amended 1990 Ky. Acts ch. 202, sec. 1, effective July 13, 1990; ch. 210, sec. 13, effective July 13, 1990; ch. 212, sec. 5, effective July 13, 1990; and ch. 399, sec. 7, effective July 13, 1990. — Amended
1988 Ky. Acts ch. 397, sec. 11, effective July 15, 1988. — Amended 1986 Ky. Acts ch. 137, sec. 13, effective July 15, 1986; and ch. 394, sec. 1, effective July 15, 1986.
— Amended 1984 Ky. Acts ch. 257, sec. 2, effective July 13, 1984; and ch. 282, sec.
2, effective July 13, 1984. — Amended 1982 Ky. Acts ch. 150, sec. 4, effective July
15, 1982; and ch. 283, sec. 9, effective April 2, 1982. — Amended 1980 Ky. Acts ch.
62, sec. 35; ch. 260, sec. 1, effective July `15, 1980; and ch. 377, sec. 3, effective
March 21, 1980. — Amended 1978 Ky. Acts ch. 332, sec. 11, effective June 17,
1978. — Amended 1976 Ky. Acts ch. 289, sec. 1; and ch. 291, sec. 2. — Amended
1972 (1st Extra. Sess.) Ky. Acts ch. 3, sec. 80. — Amended 1966 Ky. Acts ch. 4, sec.
27. — Amended 1962 Ky. Acts ch. 105, sec. 14. — Amended 1960 Ky. Acts ch. 143, sec. 6. — Created 1954 Ky. Acts ch. 8, sec. 17.
Legislative Research Commission Note (7/13/90). This section was amended by four
1990 Acts. Where those Acts are not in conflict, they have been compiled together. Where a conflict exists, the Act which was last enacted by the General Assembly prevails, pursuant to KRS § 446.250.