(1) Any person seeking a permit required by KRS § 353.570 shall submit to the department a written application in a form prescribed by the department. A person under eighteen (18) years old shall not be eligible for a permit issued under this chapter.
(2) Each application shall be accompanied by a specified fee as follows:
(a) The fee shall be three hundred dollars ($300) for each well to be drilled, deepened, or reopened for any purpose relating to the production, repressuring, or storage of oil or gas, and for each water supply well, observation well, and geological or structure test hole.
(b) If the department receives delegation of authority for administration of the underground injection control program under Section 1425 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (Pub. L. 93-523 as amended), the department may, by administrative regulation, establish a fee or schedule of fees in an amount not to exceed fifty dollars ($50) per well, in addition to the fees imposed by paragraph (a) of this subsection, upon each application to drill, deepen, or reopen a well for any purpose relating to the production, repressuring, or storage of oil or gas, and for each water supply well, observation well, and geological or structure test hole. The fees or schedule of fees to be established by administrative regulation shall not exceed an amount sufficient to recover the costs incurred by the department in administering the Underground Injection Control Program less any other state or federal funds which are made available for this purpose.
(c) All money paid to the State Treasurer for fees required by paragraph (b) of this subsection shall be for the sole use of the department in the administration of the Underground Injection Control Program under Section 1425 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (Pub. L. 93-523 as amended).
(3) Applications for each deep well shall be assessed a fee according to the following schedules:
(a) For a vertical deep well:
1. With a total vertical depth of seven thousand (7,000) feet or less, the fee shall be five hundred dollars ($500); and
2. With a total vertical depth greater than seven thousand (7,000) feet, the fee shall be six hundred dollars ($600); and
(b) For a horizontal deep well:
1. With a total measured well depth of ten thousand (10,000) feet or less, the fee shall be five thousand dollars ($5,000);
2. With a total measured well depth greater than ten thousand (10,000)
feet, the fee shall be six thousand dollars ($6,000); and
3. Five hundred dollars ($500) for each additional lateral.
(4) For a horizontal deep well, each additional deep horizontal well located on the same well pad shall be assessed the following fee:
(a) Three thousand dollars ($3,000) for a total measured well depth up to ten thousand (10,000) feet; and
(b) Four thousand dollars ($4,000) for a total measured well depth greater than ten thousand (10,000) feet.
(5) All money paid to the State Treasurer for licenses and fees required by KRS
353.500 to 353.720 shall be for the sole use of the department and shall be in addition to any moneys appropriated by the General Assembly for the use of the department.
(6) Each application shall be accompanied by a plat, which shows the location and elevation of each well, prepared according to the administrative regulations promulgated under KRS § 353.500 to KRS § 353.720. The plat shall be certified as accurate and correct by a professional land surveyor licensed in accordance with the provisions of KRS Chapter 322.
(7) When any person submits to the department an application for a permit to drill a shallow well, or to reopen, deepen, or temporarily abandon any well which is not covered by surety bond, the department shall, except as provided in this section, require from the shallow well operator the posting of a bond. For any well permit issued after June 27, 2019, the department shall require two dollars ($2) of bond amount for every foot of true vertical well depth. For applications for well transfers filed after June 27, 2019, pursuant to subsection (23) of this section, bonding shall be two dollars ($2) for every foot of true vertical well depth and shall be posted by the transferee operator. Failure to post the required bond shall result in an order issued by the department:
(a) Requiring the proper plugging and abandonment of the shallow well or wells;
or
(b) Refusing to transfer the requested shallow well or wells.
(8) Plugging and reclamation bonds for vertical deep wells shall be twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000). However, the commission may establish a higher bonding amount for vertical deep wells if the anticipated plugging and reclamation costs exceed the minimum bonding amounts established in this section.
(9) The minimum amount of plugging and reclamation bond for a horizontal deep well shall be forty thousand dollars ($40,000). However, the commission may establish a bond amount greater than forty thousand dollars ($40,000) if the anticipated plugging and reclamation costs exceed the minimum bond.
(10) (a) All bonds required to be posted prior to June 27, 2019, under this section for plugging shallow wells shall:
1. Be made in favor of the department;
2. Be conditioned that the wells, upon abandonment, shall be plugged in accordance with the administrative regulations of the department and that all records required by the department be filed as specified; and
3. Remain in effect until the plugging of the well is approved by the department, or the bond is released or forfeited by the department.
(b) All bonds required to be posted after June 27, 2019, under this section for plugging shallow wells shall:
1. Be made in favor of the department;
2. Be conditioned on the wells, upon abandonment, being plugged and the disturbed areas reclaimed in accordance with applicable statutes and the administrative regulations promulgated thereunder, and on all records required by the department being filed as specified; and
3. Remain in effect until the plugging of the well and the reclamation of the disturbed area is approved by the department, or the bond is released or forfeited by the department.
(c) All bonds required to be posted under this section for plugging deep wells shall:
1. Be made in favor of the department;
2. Be conditioned that the wells, upon abandonment, shall be plugged and the disturbed area reclaimed in accordance with the statutes and the administrative regulations of the department and that all records required by the department be filed as specified; and
3. Remain in effect until the plugging of the well and the reclamation of the disturbed area is approved by the department or the bond is released by the department.
(11) An operator may petition the department to amend the drilling depth and bond amount applicable to a particular well and shall not proceed to drill to a depth greater than that authorized by the department until the operator is so authorized, except pursuant to administrative regulations promulgated by the department.
(12) (a) Any shallow well blanket bond filed by an operator prior to June 27, 2019, shall remain in effect until the plugging or transfer of all the wells secured by the blanket bond, or the blanket bond is released or forfeited by the department. In the event that a number of the wells are plugged, transferred, or both, that result in the operator being eligible for a blanket bond in a lower amount, the department shall release the bond to a lower amount based upon the tiered structure in existence at the time the bond was issued. After June 27,
2019, in the event that an operator with a shallow well blanket bond that was filed prior to June 27, 2019, drills or acquires additional wells and has remaining capacity on the blanket bond after June 27, 2019, the operator may secure such wells with the existing blanket bond up to the limits of the bond. However, the number of wells that are eligible to be covered by a blanket bond filed prior to June 27, 2019, that were in a tier with more than five hundred (500) wells shall be limited to one thousand (1,000) wells.
(b) After June 27, 2019, any shallow well operator, in lieu of an individual bond, may file with the department a blanket bond according to the following tiered structure:
1. One (1) to twenty-five (25) wells require a twenty thousand dollar
($20,000) bond;
2. Twenty-six (26) to one hundred (100) wells require an additional thirty thousand dollar ($30,000) bond;
3. One hundred one (101) to five hundred (500) wells require an additional one hundred fifty thousand dollar ($150,000) bond; and
4. Five hundred one (501) to one thousand (1,000) wells require an additional one hundred thousand dollar ($100,000) bond.
(c) After June 27, 2019, well operators who have more wells than can be accommodated by the blanket bonding structure established in paragraph (b) of this subsection or as in effect pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection may, in lieu of individual bonds, incrementally increase the amount of their blanket bonds filed with the department according to the tiers established in paragraph (b) of this subsection. Nothing contained in this subsection shall require a well operator with a blanket bond in existence prior to June 27,
2019, to increase the amount of its blanket bond as to the wells covered by the existing blanket bond.
(13) If the operator is a corporate subsidiary, the operator further shall provide a corporate guarantee in which the guarantor shall be the parent corporation of the operator of the wells covered under the bond. The corporate guarantee shall provide:
(a) That if the operator fails to perform with the proper plugging and abandonment of any well covered by the blanket bond, the guarantor shall do so or provide for alternate financial assurance; and
(b) The corporate guarantee shall remain in force unless the guarantor sends notice of the cancellation by certified mail to the operator and to the department. Cancellation shall not occur, however, during the one hundred twenty (120) day period beginning on the first day that both the operator and the department have received notice of cancellation, as evidenced by the certified mail return receipts.
(14) An operator shall not be eligible to file a new blanket bond or add additional wells to an existing blanket bond if the operator has:
(a) Any outstanding, unabated violations of KRS Chapter 353 or the regulations adopted pursuant thereto which have not been appealed;
(b) A forfeiture of a bond, whether an individual bond or portion of a blanket bond, on any permit where the operator has not entered into an agreed order with the department for the plugging and proper abandonment of the well or wells on the forfeited permit or permits; or
(c) A permit or permits, upon which a bond or portion of a bond has been forfeited and the proceeds from the forfeiture have been spent by the department to plug or reclaim the permitted well or wells, unless the operator has made restitution to the department for all costs associated with the forfeiture, plugging, and proper abandonment.
(15) Any deep well operator, in lieu of an individual bond, may file with the department a blanket bond according to the following:
(a) One (1) to ten (10) vertical deep wells require a two hundred thousand dollar
($200,000) bond; and
(b) One (1) to ten (10) horizontal deep wells require a three hundred twenty thousand dollar ($320,000) bond.
(16) A deposit in cash or a bank-issued irrevocable letter of credit may serve in lieu of either of the individual well or blanket bonds.
(17) Individuals acquiring a single well for domestic use may post a combination bond which shall consist of a cash bond in the amount of one thousand dollars ($1,000) plus a lien on the property to cover future plugging costs. Only one (1) combination bond may be posted by each individual.
(18) A certificate of deposit, the principal of which is pledged in lieu of a bond and whose interest is payable to the party making the pledge, may serve for an individual well bond. A certificate of deposit, the principal of which is pledged in lieu of a bond and whose interest is payable to the party making the pledge, may serve for a blanket bond, provided that the first five thousand dollars ($5,000) of the blanket bond is posted with the department in cash.
(19) The bond or bonds referred to in this section shall be executed by the well operator as principal and, if a surety bond, by a corporate surety authorized to do business in the Commonwealth.
(20) A deposit in cash shall serve in lieu of either of the above bonds; all cash bonds accepted by the department shall be deposited into an interest-bearing account, with the interest thereon payable to the special agency account known as the oil and gas well plugging fund, created in subsection (27) of this section, to be used in accordance with the purposes described therein. All cash bonds being held by the department on July 13, 1990, shall likewise be deposited in the interest-bearing account, with the proceeds to be used for the purposes established for the oil and gas well plugging fund.
(21) The bond amounts prescribed by subsection (7) of this section shall be applicable only to permits issued after June 27, 2019. All bonds posted for permits issued prior to June 27, 2019, shall remain in full force and effect for the duration of the permits secured by the bonds.
(22) The blanket bond amounts prescribed by subsection (12) of this section shall be effective after June 27, 2019. Any operator having filed a blanket bond with the department prior to June 27, 2019, in the event that the capacity of the bond is reached, may at its discretion increase the level of the blanket bond incrementally by increasing the blanket bond by the amount of the individual bond prescribed by subsection (12) of this section on any wells drilled subsequent to June 27, 2019, until the blanket bond has reached the level necessary to conform to the tiers prescribed by subsection (12) of this section.
(23) (a) Prior to commencing use or operation of a well or wells operated in the name of a different operator, a well operator seeking to become a successor operator
shall file an application to transfer the well or wells executed by both the current operator and the applicant, pay a fee of fifty dollars ($50) per well to the department, and post the appropriate bond.
(b) 1. Upon receipt of a request for a well records report made by an operator seeking to become a successor operator and approved by the current operator, the department shall print a well records report of the wells requested and provide the report to both the current operator and the operator seeking to become a successor operator.
2. If the report indicates the existence of outstanding violations or of missing records required to be filed pursuant to this chapter, on any application to transfer a well or wells filed within thirty (30) days of the date of the well report, the successor operator may decline to accept transfer of any wells with outstanding violations or with missing records, or may agree to accept responsibility for abatement of the violations or the filing of the missing records.
3. Based upon the successor operator’s response to the well record report and subject to bonding requirements and the provisions of KRS § 353.572, the department shall approve the transfer of the requested well or wells or any portion thereof not declined by the successor operator.
4. The department may not hold a successor operator responsible or liable for missing records not disclosed on the well record report provided by the department prior to transfer, or for missing records that were not filed or completed by a previous operator and for which information necessary to complete the records is not reasonably available.
(c) Subject to KRS § 353.572, upon receipt of written approval of the requested transfer, the successor operator shall assume the obligations of this chapter as to the particular well or wells and relieve the current operator of responsibility under this chapter with respect to the well or wells transferred. It shall be the responsibility of the current operator to ensure that the successor operator has complied with the requirements of this subsection before relinquishing operations to the successor operator and before relief of responsibility under this chapter is granted to the current operator. The current operator shall remain responsible, and its bond shall not be released, on any well or wells with an outstanding violation or missing records for which a successor operator declined to accept a transfer.
(24) If the requirements of this section with respect to any provision of KRS § 353.500 to
353.720 or 353.735 to 353.747, or any administrative regulation or order promulgated or issued thereunder, have not been complied with within the time limits set by the department, by administrative regulation, or by this chapter, the department shall cause a notice of noncompliance to be served upon the operator by certified mail, addressed to the permanent address shown on the application for a permit.
(a) The notice shall specify in what respects the operator has failed to comply with this chapter or the administrative regulations of the department.
(b) If, within forty-five (45) days after mailing of the notice of noncompliance, no agreement has been reached with the department regarding the alleged failure to comply, and the director determines that the operator has not complied with the requirements set forth by the department, the bond shall be ordered forfeited to the department. The forfeiture order shall become effective thirty (30) days after the department gives the operator notice of the order, unless a petition has been filed pursuant to KRS § 353.700, in which case the forfeiture order shall only become effective upon a final determination of the secretary affirming the forfeiture order following the conclusion of the petition process.
(25) (a) In addition to a notice of noncompliance issued pursuant to subsection (24) of this section, the cabinet may issue a well closure order to any person or operator where:
1. An oil and gas well is in violation of KRS § 353.500 to KRS § 353.720 or
353.735 to 353.747, or any administrative regulation or order promulgated or issued thereunder, and the violation is causing or could be reasonably expected to cause an imminent threat to human health, safety, or the environment; or
2. The operation of an oil and gas well by any person without first posting bond.
(b) The well closure order shall be affixed by a red tag marker to the wellhead with a letter of violation and a copy of the well closure order mailed to the address of record for the responsible person or operator, if an address is on file with the division. The letter of violation and well closure order shall notify the person or operator to immediately:
1. Cease operation of the well; and
2. Abate the violation of KRS § 353.500 to KRS § 353.720 or 353.735 to 353.747, or any administrative regulation or order promulgated or issued thereunder.
(c) Any person operating a well under the circumstances described in paragraph (a)2. of this subsection may be ordered to properly plug and abandon the well, but such order does not relieve any prior obligation owed by the current operator of record pursuant to KRS § 353.180. The well closure order may be appealed pursuant to KRS § 353.700 within thirty (30) days of issuance.
(26) A bond forfeited pursuant to the provisions of this chapter may be collected by an attorney for the department or by the Attorney General, after notice from the director.
(27) All sums received through the forfeiture of bonds shall be placed in the State Treasury and credited to a special agency account to be designated as the oil and gas well plugging fund, which shall be an interest-bearing account with the interest thereon payable to the fund. This fund shall be available to the department and shall be expended for the plugging of any abandoned wells coming within the authority of the department pursuant to this chapter. The plugging of any well pursuant to this subsection shall not be construed to relieve the operator or any other person from
civil or criminal liability which would exist except for the plugging. Any unencumbered and any unexpended balance of this fund remaining at the end of any fiscal year shall not lapse but shall be carried forward for the purpose of the fund until expended or until appropriated by subsequent legislative action.
(28) (a) Any permitted stratigraphic test well:
1. Is subject to all requirements under this section and KRS § 353.5901,
353.550, 353.610, and 353.660(1) and (4) as if the stratigraphic test well were defined as a “well” in KRS § 353.510(14); and
2. Shall be plugged within one hundred eighty (180) days of completion of drilling the well.
(b) A stratigraphic test well shall be permitted as an oil and gas production well prior to:
1. Producing oil or gas; or
2. Deviating from true vertical.
(c) Any stratigraphic test well converted to an oil or gas production well under paragraph (b) of this subsection shall be subject to the requirements of KRS
353.660(1) to (3).
(29) For the purpose of this chapter, “water supply well” shall not include:
(a) Any well for a potable water supply for domestic use or for livestock; or
(b) Any water well used primarily for cooling purposes in an industrial process. (30) Any order or final determination of the department under this section shall be
subject to review in accordance with KRS § 353.700 and any administrative
regulations promulgated thereunder.
Effective: June 27, 2019
History: Amended 2019 Ky. Acts ch. 21, sec. 5, effective June 27, 2019. — Amended
2018 Ky. Acts ch. 94, sec. 5, effective July 14, 2018. — Amended 2016 Ky. Acts ch.
40, sec. 3, effective July 15, 2016. — Amended 2015 Ky. Acts ch. 21, sec. 13, effective June 24, 2015. — Amended 2010 Ky. Acts ch. 24, sec. 1907, effective July
15, 2010. — Amended 2006 Ky. Acts ch. 160, sec. 2, effective July 12, 2006. — Amended 2003 Ky. Acts ch. 150, sec. 11, effective June 24, 2003. — Amended 2000
Ky. Acts ch. 139, sec. 3, effective July 14, 2000. — Amended 1998 Ky. Acts ch. 214, sec. 43, effective January 1, 1999. — Amended 1994 Ky. Acts ch. 127, sec. 1, effective July 15, 1994. — Amended 1990 Ky. Acts ch. 12, sec. 1, effective July 13,
1990. — Amended 1982 Ky. Acts ch. 232, sec. 1, effective July 15, 1982. — Amended
1966 Ky. Acts ch. 147, sec. 2. — Created 1960 Ky. Acts ch. 103, sec. 11.