In this subchapter:
(1) “State agency” has the meaning assigned by § 656.043.
(1-a) “State employee” has the meaning assigned by § 572.002.
(2) “Training” means instruction, teaching, or other education received by a state employee that is not normally received by other state employees and that is designed to enhance the ability of the employee to perform the employee’s job. The term includes a course of study at an institution of higher education or a private or independent institution of higher education as defined by § 61.003, Education Code, if the employing state agency spends money to assist the state employee to meet the expense of the course of study or pays salary to the employee to undertake the course of study as an assigned duty. The term does not include training required either by state or federal law or that is determined necessary by the agency and offered to all employees of the agency performing similar jobs.