(1) The department shall consist of uniformed personnel and detective personnel, organized in divisions, bureaus, or branches as established by law or by the director in his or her discretion.

    (2) The director shall establish a highway patrol consisting of not fewer than 100 members.

    (3) The director shall appoint and employ all members of the department, who shall be classified as officers and civilian employees.

    (4) All persons appointed as officers shall be at the time of their appointment not less than 21 years of age, shall be of sound mind and body, shall be of good moral character, shall be citizens of the United States and residents of the state of Michigan, and shall possess such educational qualifications as the director may from time to time prescribe. All persons appointed as officers shall execute the constitutional oath of office before entering upon their duties.

    (5) An officer shall not be dismissed until a due hearing on his or her removal is held as provided in this act, unless a reduction in expenditures is required due to insufficient funds, in which case the officer or officers junior in point of service shall be dismissed. A civilian employee may not be dismissed without a due hearing on his or her removal, unless a reduction in expenditures is required due to insufficient funds.