As used in this act:

    (a) “Greenhouse gas” means carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, or sulfur hexafluoride.

    (b) “Grid reliability” means the ability, as defined by the regional transmission organization, of the bulk power system to withstand sudden, unexpected disturbances, such as short circuits or unanticipated loss of system elements because of natural causes.

    (c) “Incremental costs of compliance” means the net revenue required by an electric provider to comply with the renewable energy standard, calculated as provided under section 47.

    (d) “Independent transmission company” means that term as defined in section 2 of the electric transmission line certification act, 1995 PA 30, MCL 460.562.

    (e) “LEED” means the leadership in energy and environmental design green building rating system developed by the United States Green Building Council.

    (f) “Load management” means measures or programs that target equipment or behavior to result in decreased peak electricity demand such as by shifting demand from a peak to an off-peak period.

    (g) “Long-duration energy storage system” means an energy storage system capable of continuously discharging electricity at its full rated capacity for more than 10 hours.

    (h) “Low-income residential customer” means a customer that meets any of the following requirements:

    (i) The customer’s household income does not exceed 250% of the federal poverty line, as published by the United States Department of Health and Human Services under its authority to revise the poverty line under 42 USC 9902.

    (ii) The customer’s household income does not exceed 80% of the adjusted median income as determined by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development.

    (iii) The customer is enrolled in a federal, state, or local program with similar income eligibility requirements, including, but not limited to, an emergency relief or food assistance program or Medicaid.

    (i) “Megawatt”, “megawatt hour”, or “megawatt hour of electricity”, unless the context implies otherwise, includes the steam equivalent of a megawatt or megawatt hour of electricity.

    (j) “Modified net metering” means a utility billing method that applies the power supply component of the full retail rate to the net of the bidirectional flow of kilowatt hours across the customer interconnection with the utility distribution system, during a billing period or time-of-use pricing period. A negative net metered quantity during the billing period or during each time-of-use pricing period within the billing period reflects net excess generation for which the customer is entitled to receive credit under section 177(2). Under modified net metering, standby charges for distributed generation customers on an energy rate schedule shall be equal to the retail distribution charge applied to the imputed customer usage during the billing period. The imputed customer usage is calculated as the sum of the metered on-site generation and the net of the bidirectional flow of power across the customer interconnection during the billing period. The commission shall establish standby charges under modified net metering for distributed generation customers on demand-based rate schedules that provide an equivalent contribution to utility system costs. A charge for net metering and distributed generation customers established pursuant to section 6a of 1939 PA 3, MCL 460.6a, shall not be recovered more than once.

    (k) “Multiday energy storage system” means an energy storage system capable of continuously discharging electricity at its full rated capacity for more than 24 hours.