Wisconsin Statutes 970.02 – Duty of a judge at the initial appearance
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Terms Used In Wisconsin Statutes 970.02
- Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
- Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
- Extradition: The formal process of delivering an accused or convicted person from authorities in one state to authorities in another state.
- in writing: includes any representation of words, letters, symbols or figures. See Wisconsin Statutes 990.01
- Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
- Person: includes all partnerships, associations and bodies politic or corporate. See Wisconsin Statutes 990.01
- State: when applied to states of the United States, includes the District of Columbia, the commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the several territories organized by Congress. See Wisconsin Statutes 990.01
- Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
- United States: includes the District of Columbia, the states, the commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the territories organized by congress. See Wisconsin Statutes 990.01
(1) At the initial appearance the judge shall inform the defendant:
(a) Of the charge against the defendant and shall furnish the defendant with a copy of the complaint which shall contain the possible penalties for the offenses set forth therein. In the case of a felony, the judge shall also inform the defendant of the penalties for the felony with which the defendant is charged.
(b) Of his or her right to counsel and, in any case required by the U.S. or Wisconsin constitution, that an attorney will be appointed to represent him or her if he or she is financially unable to employ counsel.
(c) That the defendant is entitled to a preliminary examination if charged with a felony in any complaint, including a complaint issued under s. 968.26, or when the defendant has been returned to this state for prosecution through extradition proceedings under ch. 976, or any indictment, unless waived in writing or in open court, or unless the defendant is a corporation or limited liability company.
(2) The judge shall admit the defendant to bail in accordance with ch. 969.
(3) Upon request of a defendant charged with a misdemeanor, the judge shall immediately set a date for the trial.
(4) A defendant charged with a felony may waive preliminary examination, and upon the waiver, the judge shall bind the defendant over for trial.
(5) If the defendant does not waive preliminary examination, the judge shall forthwith set the action for a preliminary examination under s. 970.03.
(6) In all cases in which the defendant is entitled to legal representation under the constitution or laws of the United States or this state, the judge or magistrate shall inform the defendant of his or her right to counsel and, if the defendant claims or appears to be indigent, shall refer the person to the authority for indigency determinations specified under s. 977.07 (1).
(7) If the offense charged is one specified under s. 165.83 (2) (a), the judge shall determine if the defendant’s fingerprints, photographs and other identifying data have been taken and, if not, the judge shall direct that this information be obtained.
(8) If the offense charged is a violent crime, as defined in s. 165.84 (7) (ab), the judge shall determine if a biological specimen has been obtained from the defendant under s. 165.84 (7), and, if not, the judge shall direct that a law enforcement agency or tribal law enforcement agency obtain a biological specimen from the defendant and submit it to the state crime laboratories as specified in rules promulgated by the department of justice under s. 165.76 (4). If the judge requires the defendant to provide a specimen under this subsection or if a biological specimen has already been obtained from the defendant, the judge shall inform the defendant that he or she may request expungement under s. 165.77 (4).