The county treasurer so elected shall be commissioned by the governor, shall enter upon the discharge of the duties of his office on the first day of January following his election, and shall hold his office for a term of four years, except as is provided in section 48.053, and until his successor is elected and qualified unless sooner removed from office. In counties which have adopted the township alternative form of county government the treasurer’s term shall extend until the first day of April next after the election of his successor.