Terms Used In Utah Code > Title 77 > Chapter 18 - The Judgment

• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Assessment: means the same as the term "risk and needs assessment" in Section 77-1-3. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Board: means the Board of Pardons and Parole. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Civil accounts receivable: means the same as that term is defined in Section 77-32b-102. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Civil judgment of restitution: means the same as that term is defined in Section 77-32b-102. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Convicted: means the same as that term is defined in Section 76-3-201. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Criminal accounts receivable: means the same as that term is defined in Section 77-32b-102. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Default: means the same as that term is defined in Section 77-32b-102. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Delinquent: means the same as that term is defined in Section 77-32b-102. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Department: means the Department of Corrections created in Section 64-13-2. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• Document sponsor: means a person who, personally or through a designee, signs or submits for recording a document that is, or is alleged to be, a nonconsensual common law document. See Utah Code 38-9-102
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Guardian: includes a person who:
       (14)(a) qualifies as a guardian of a minor or incapacitated person pursuant to testamentary or court appointment; or
       (14)(b) is appointed by a court to manage the estate of a minor or incapacitated person. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Habitual offender: means an individual who has been convicted in:
       (10)(a) at least six cases for one or more felony offenses in each case; and
       (10)(b) each case described in Subsection (10)(a) within five years before the day on which the defendant is convicted of the felony offense before the court. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Land: includes :
       (18)(a) land;
       (18)(b) a tenement;
       (18)(c) a hereditament;
       (18)(d) a water right;
       (18)(e) a possessory right; and
       (18)(f) a claim. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Payment schedule: means the same as that term is defined in Section 77-32b-102. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Person: means :
       (24)(a) an individual;
       (24)(b) an association;
       (24)(c) an institution;
       (24)(d) a corporation;
       (24)(e) a company;
       (24)(f) a trust;
       (24)(g) a limited liability company;
       (24)(h) a partnership;
       (24)(i) a political subdivision;
       (24)(j) a government office, department, division, bureau, or other body of government; and
       (24)(k) any other organization or entity. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Property: includes both real and personal property. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• real property: includes :
       (31)(a) land;
       (31)(b) a tenement;
       (31)(c) a hereditament;
       (31)(d) a water right;
       (31)(e) a possessory right; and
       (31)(f) a claim. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Restitution: means the same as that term is defined in Section 77-38b-102. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Screening: means a tool or questionnaire that is designed to determine whether an individual needs further assessment or any additional resource or referral for treatment. See Utah Code 77-18-102
• Sex: means , in relation to an individual, the individual's biological sex, either male or female, at birth, according to distinct reproductive roles as manifested by:
       (34)(a) sex and reproductive organ anatomy;
       (34)(b) chromosomal makeup; and
       (34)(c) endogenous hormone profiles. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• State: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes a state, district, or territory of the United States. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Utah Code: means the 1953 recodification of the Utah Code, as amended, unless the text expressly references a portion of the 1953 recodification of the Utah Code as it existed:
       (42)(a) on the day on which the 1953 recodification of the Utah Code was enacted; or
       (42)(b)

            (42)(b)(i) after the day described in Subsection (42)(a); and

            (42)(b)(ii) before the most recent amendment to the referenced portion of the 1953 recodification of the Utah Code. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Writing: includes :
       (48)(a) printing;
       (48)(b) handwriting; and
       (48)(c) information stored in an electronic or other medium if the information is retrievable in a perceivable format. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• wrongful lien: refers to a lien made in violation of Section Utah Code 38-9a-102