Virginia Code > Title 13.1 > Chapter 14 – Virginia Business Trust Act

		Sections
Article 1	General Provisions.	13.1-1200 – 13.1-1208
Article 2	Formation.	13.1-1209 – 13.1-1219
Article 3	Registered Office and Agent.	13.1-1220 – 13.1-1223
Article 4	Beneficial Owners.	13.1-1224 – 13.1-1227
Article 5	Trustees.	13.1-1228 – 13.1-1230
Article 6	Legal Proceedings.	13.1-1231
Article 7	Derivative Actions.	13.1-1232 – 13.1-1233
Article 8	Dissolution.	13.1-1234 – 13.1-1240
Article 9	Foreign Business Trusts.	13.1-1241 – 13.1-1250.1
Article 10	Annual Registration Fees.	13.1-1251 – 13.1-1256
Article 11	Merger.	13.1-1257 – 13.1-1263.1
Article 12	Domestication and Conversion.	13.1-1264 – 13.1-1277
Article 13	Reports and Records.	13.1-1278 – 13.1-1281
Article 14	Miscellaneous.	13.1-1282 – 13.1-1285

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Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 13.1 > Chapter 14 - Virginia Business Trust Act

Abandoned motor vehicle: means a motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer that:
1. See Virginia Code 46.2-1200
Account: means any deposit or credit account with a bank including demand, time savings passbook, share draft, or like account, other than an account evidenced by a certificate of deposit;
(2) "Afternoon" means the period of a day between noon and midnight;
(3) "Banking day" means the part of a day on which a bank is open to the public for carrying on substantially all of its banking functions, but shall not include Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday;
(4) "Clearing house" means an association of banks or other payors regularly clearing items;
(5) "Customer" means a person having an account with a bank or for whom a bank has agreed to collect items, including a bank that maintains an account at another bank;
(6) "Documentary draft" means any negotiable or nonnegotiable draft with accompanying documents, securities or other papers to be delivered against honor of the draft; or a draft to be presented for acceptance or payment if specified documents, certificated securities (§ Virginia Code 8.4-104
Accredited career and technical education postsecondary school: means (i) a privately owned and managed, academic-vocational school, noncollege degree school, postsecondary school, or a vocational school, as defined in § Virginia Code 30-231.01
Acquittal:
1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
2. A verdict of "not guilty."
Actual cost: means the actual price paid by a remote retail seller for each individual stock keeping unit or SKU. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
Adult: means a person 18 years of age or more. See Virginia Code 1-203
Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
Advisory Council: means the Electric Vehicle Rebate Program Advisory Council. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
affiliate: means any entity that is a member of the same affiliated group, as such term is defined in § Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Agricultural irrigation: means irrigation that is used to support any operation devoted to the bona fide production of crops, animals, or fowl, including the production of fruits and vegetables of any kind; meat, dairy, and poultry products; nuts, tobacco, nursery, and floral products; and the production and harvest of products from silvicultural activity. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Air brake: means any braking system operating fully or partially on the air brake principle. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
All-terrain vehicle: means a motor vehicle having three or more wheels that is powered by a motor and is manufactured for off-highway use. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Alteration: means changes to an impounding structure that could alter or affect its structural integrity. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Alternative fuel vehicle: means a vehicle equipped to be powered by a combustible gas, liquid, or other source of energy that can be used to generate power to operate a highway vehicle and that is neither a motor fuel nor electricity used to recharge an electric motor vehicle or a hybrid electric motor vehicle. See Virginia Code 46.2-770
Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Antique motor vehicle: means every motor vehicle, as defined in this section, which was actually manufactured or designated by the manufacturer as a model manufactured in a calendar year not less than 25 years prior to January 1 of each calendar year and is owned solely as a collector's item. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Antique trailer: means every trailer or semitrailer, as defined in this section, that was actually manufactured or designated by the manufacturer as a model manufactured in a calendar year not less than 25 years prior to January 1 of each calendar year and is owned solely as a collector's item. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
Applicant: means an individual who applies to obtain, transfer, upgrade, or renew a commercial driver's license or to obtain or renew a commercial learner's permit. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
Approved education program: means an educational agency or transition program or services accepted for participation in the Program by the Brown v. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Approximate original contour: means the surface configuration achieved by backfilling and grading the mined area so that the reclaimed area, including any terracing or access road, closely resembles the general surface configuration of the land prior to mining and blends into and complements the drainage pattern of the surrounding terrain, with all highwalls and spoil piles eliminated; water impoundments may be permitted where the Director determines that they are in compliance with the applicable performance standards adopted pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Articles of trust: includes the original articles of trust, the original certificate of trust issued by the Commission, and all amendments to the articles of trust. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Assessment: as used in this subtitle , shall include an assessment made pursuant to notice by the Department of Taxation and self-assessments made by a taxpayer upon the filing of a return or otherwise not pursuant to notice. See Virginia Code 58.1-1820
Associated facility: means any facility utilized for gas or oil operations in the Commonwealth, other than a well or a well site. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created by this chapter. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 62.1-224
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 (§ Virginia Code 62.1-233
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 (§ Virginia Code 62.1-241.1
authority: means a public body and a body corporate and politic organized in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 6 (§ Virginia Code 37.2-100
Authority: means the Virginia Offshore Wind Development Authority established pursuant to Article 2 (§ Virginia Code 45.2-1800
Authority: means the Virginia Nuclear Energy Consortium Authority established pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 45.2-2100
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.24
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
Authority: means the Southwest Virginia Energy Research and Development Authority established pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 45.2-1717
Authority: means the Virginia Solar Energy Development and Energy Storage Authority established pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 45.2-1901
Authorized holder: means (i) a manufacturer; (ii) a wholesale dealer who is not duly qualified as a wholesale dealer stamping agent, but who possesses, or whose affiliate possesses, a valid cigarette exemption certificate issued pursuant to § Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Autocycle: means a three-wheeled motor vehicle that has a steering wheel and seating that does not require the operator to straddle or sit astride and is manufactured to comply with federal safety requirements for motorcycles. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Average weekly wage: means :
1. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Award: means the grant or denial of benefits or other relief under this title or any rule adopted pursuant thereto. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
Bailee: means the person who by a warehouse receipt, bill of lading or other document acknowledges possession of goods and contracts to deliver them. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
Base price: means the manufacturer's base price for the lowest price trim level of the model and shall not include charges for optional equipment, taxes, title, or registration fees. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
Basin: means the Roanoke River Basin. See Virginia Code 62.1-69.36
Behavioral health: means the full range of mental health and substance abuse services. See Virginia Code 30-401
Behavioral health service system: means those public and private providers, including state and local government agencies and entities, engaged in the development, delivery, coordination, monitoring, oversight, and financing of behavioral health services in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 30-401
Beneficial owner: means any owner of a beneficial interest in a business trust, the fact of ownership to be determined and evidenced, whether by means of registration, the issuance of certificates or otherwise, in conformity to the applicable provisions of the governing instrument of the business trust. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Beneficial use: means both instream and offstream uses. See Virginia Code 62.1-10
Beneficial use: includes domestic (including public water supply), agricultural, commercial, and industrial uses. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Bicycle: means a device propelled solely by human power, upon which a person may ride either on or astride a regular seat attached thereto, having two or more wheels in tandem, including children's bicycles, except a toy vehicle intended for use by young children. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Board: means the State Water Control Board. See Virginia Code 62.1-224
Board: means the Board of Health. See Virginia Code 62.1-233
Board: means the Virginia Waste Management Board. See Virginia Code 62.1-241.1
Board: means the State Water Control Board. See Virginia Code 62.1-242
Board: means the State Water Control Board. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Board: means the State Board of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services. See Virginia Code 37.2-100
Board: means the Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Board. See Virginia Code 10.1-500
Board: means the Virginia Gas and Oil Board. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Board: means the State Water Control Board. See Virginia Code 45.2-2000
Board: means the board of directors of the Authority. See Virginia Code 45.2-2100
Board: means the Board of Directors of the Virginia Resources Authority. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Board: means the Soil and Water Conservation Board. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Board: means the Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Board. See Virginia Code 10.1-636
Board: means the Clean Energy Advisory Board created pursuant to § Virginia Code 45.2-1912
Board: means the State Air Pollution Control Board. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Board of Directors: means the Board of Directors of the Authority. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Bond with surety: includes the payment in cash of the full amount of the required bond and, in such case, no surety shall be required. See Virginia Code 1-205
bonds: as used in this chapter means obligations of the Authority for the payment of borrowed money. See Virginia Code 62.1-140
Bonds: means any bonds, notes, debentures, interim certificates, bond, grant or revenue anticipation notes, lease and sale-leaseback transactions, or any other obligations of the Authority for the payment of money. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Business trust: includes , without limitation, any of the following entities that conform with subdivisions 1 and 2 of this definition:
(1) A trust of the type known at common law as a "business trust" or "Massachusetts trust";
(2) A trust qualifying as a real estate mortgage investment conduit under § 860 D of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or under any successor provision;
(3) A trust qualifying as a real estate investment trust under §§ 856 through 859 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or under any successor provision; or
(4) A "real estate investment trust" or "trust" created under former Chapter 9 of Title 6 or former Chapter 9 of Title 6. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Buyer: means a person who buys or contracts to buy goods. See Virginia Code 8.2-103
Capital Reserve Fund: means the reserve fund created and established by the Authority in accordance with § Virginia Code 62.1-199
Carrier: means a person that issues a bill of lading. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Census data: means the population data received from the United States Bureau of the Census pursuant to P. See Virginia Code 30-391
Certificate of emissions inspection: means a document, device, or symbol, prescribed by the Director and issued pursuant to this article, which indicates that (i) a motor vehicle has satisfactorily complied with the emissions standards and passed the emissions inspection provided for in this article; (ii) the requirement of compliance with such emissions standards has been waived; or (iii) the motor vehicle has failed such emissions inspection. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Chambers: A judge's office.
Change in condition: means a change in physical condition of the employee as well as any change in the conditions under which compensation was awarded, suspended, or terminated which would affect the right to, amount of, or duration of compensation. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Chief: means the Chief of the Division of Mines of the Department of Energy. See Virginia Code 45.2-100
Cigar: means any roll of tobacco wrapped in leaf tobacco or in any substance containing tobacco, other than any roll of tobacco that is a cigarette as such term is defined in § Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
cigarette: includes "roll-your-own" tobacco, which means any tobacco which, because of its appearance, type, packaging, or labeling, is suitable for use and likely to be offered to, or purchased by, consumers as tobacco for making cigarettes. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Cigarette intended to be heated: means a cigarette containing tobacco that produces an inhalable aerosol (i) by heating the tobacco by means of an electronic device without combustion of the tobacco or (ii) by heat generated from a combustion source that only or primarily heats rather than burns the tobacco. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
City: includes all cities chartered under the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 10.1-500
Claimant agency: means any administrative unit of state, county, city or town government, including department, institution, commission, authority, or the office of Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court, any circuit or district court and the Internal Revenue Service. See Virginia Code 58.1-520
Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
Client company: means any person that enters into an agreement for professional employer services with a professional employer organization. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Closed system: means any nicotine vapor product capable of utilizing a disposable container that is (i) prefilled with liquid nicotine and sealed by the manufacturer, (ii) not easily refillable or intended or designed to be refillable, and (iii) intended or used to dispense liquid nicotine for use in a nicotine vapor product that is intended or designed for reuse. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Coal claimant: means a person identified as possessing an interest in production royalties when a drilling unit is force-pooled or who asserts or possesses a claim to funds that are held in escrow, for a force-pooled coalbed methane gas well, or in suspense, for a voluntarily pooled coalbed methane gas well, by virtue of owning an interest in the coal estate contained within the drilling unit subject to the pooling order or agreement. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Coal mine methane: means methane gas captured and produced from an underground gob area associated with a mined-out coal seam that would otherwise escape into the atmosphere. See Virginia Code 45.2-1717
Coal operator: means any person who operates or has the right to operate a coal mine. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Coal owner: means any person who owns, leases, mines and produces, or has the right to mine and produce a coal seam. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Coal seam: includes a stratum of less than 20 inches in thickness if it (i) is being commercially worked or (ii) in the judgment of the Department could foreseeably be commercially worked and will require protection if a well is drilled through it. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Coal surface mining operation: means :
1. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Coalbed methane gas: means occluded natural gas produced from coalbeds and rock strata associated with it. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Coalbed methane gas well: means a well capable of producing coalbed methane gas. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Coalbed methane gas well operator: means any person who operates or has been designated to operate a coalbed methane gas well. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
coastal energy: includes wave or tidal action, currents, offshore winds, thermal differences, and methane hydrates. See Virginia Code 45.2-1715
Coemployee: means an employee performing services pursuant to an agreement for professional employer services between a client company and a professional employer organization. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Commercial motor vehicle: means , except for those vehicles specifically excluded in this definition, every motor vehicle, vehicle or combination of vehicles used to transport passengers or property which either: (i) has a gross vehicle weight or a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds, whichever is greater; (ii) has a gross combination weight or a gross combination weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds, whichever is greater, inclusive of a towed vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 10,000 pounds; (iii) is designed to transport 16 or more passengers including the driver; or (iv) is of any size and is used in the transportation of hazardous materials as defined in this section. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act: means the federal Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986, Title XII of P. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Commercial unit: means such a unit of goods as by commercial usage is a single whole for purposes of lease and division of which materially impairs its character or value on the market or in use. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Commission: means the Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission as well as its former designation as the Virginia Industrial Commission. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Commission: means the Public-Private Partnership Advisory Commission. See Virginia Code 30-278
Commission: means the Intercollegiate Athletics Review Commission. See Virginia Code 30-359
Commission: means the Virginia Redistricting Commission established pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 30-391
Commission: means the Behavioral Health Commission. See Virginia Code 30-401
Commission: means the State Corporation Commission of Virginia. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Commissioner: means the Commissioner of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services. See Virginia Code 37.2-900
Committee: means the Brown v. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Committee: means the Redistricting Commission Selection Committee established pursuant to § 30-393. See Virginia Code 30-391
Committee membership: Legislators are assigned to specific committees by their party. Seniority, regional balance, and political philosophy are the most prominent factors in the committee assignment process.
Community services board: means the public body established pursuant to § Virginia Code 37.2-100
Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
Comprehensive agreement: means the same as the term is defined in the Public-Private Education Facilities and Infrastructure Act of 2002 (§ Virginia Code 30-278
Computer-based clinic provider: means any clinic licensed by the Department to conduct driver improvement clinics via the Internet or other electronic means approved by the Department. See Virginia Code 46.2-490.3
Consignee: means the person named in a bill to whom or to whose order the bill promises delivery. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Consignor: means the person named in a bill as the person from whom the goods have been received for shipment. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Consortium: means the Virginia Coastal Energy Research Consortium established pursuant to Article 5 (§ Virginia Code 45.2-1700
Consortium: means the Virginia Nuclear Energy Consortium established by the Authority pursuant to § Virginia Code 45.2-2100
Construction: means the construction of a new impounding structure. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Consumer: means the person who is the end or final user of tobacco products or liquid nicotine. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Consumer lease: means a lease that a lessor regularly engaged in the business of leasing or selling makes to a lessee who is an individual and who takes under the lease primarily for a personal, family, or household purpose. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
Contract for sale: includes both a present sale of goods and a contract to sell goods at a future time. See Virginia Code 8.2-106
Contracting entity: means any public body as defined in § Virginia Code 45.2-1702
Contractor: means any entity entering into or offering or proposing to enter into a contractual agreement to provide any juvenile correctional facility for or correctional services to juveniles under the custody of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 66-25.3
Converting entity: means the domestic or foreign business trust, corporation, limited liability company, limited partnership, partnership, or other entity that adopts a plan of domestication or plan of entity conversion pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 13.1-1264
Conviction: means an unvacated adjudication of guilt, or a determination that a person has violated or failed to comply with the law in a court of original jurisdiction, an unvacated forfeiture of bond, bail, or collateral deposited to secure the person's appearance in court, a plea of guilty or nolo contendere accepted by the court, the payment of a fine or court costs in lieu of trial, a violation of a condition of release without bail, regardless of whether the penalty is rebated, suspended, or probated, or, for the purposes of alcohol or drug-related offenses involving the operation of a motor vehicle, a civil or an administrative determination of a violation. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Correctional services: means the following functions, services and activities when provided within a juvenile correctional facility or otherwise:
1. See Virginia Code 66-25.3
cost: as used in this chapter embraces the cost of construction, the cost of the acquisition of all land, rights-of-way, property, rights, easements and interests acquired by the Authority for such construction, the cost of all machinery and equipment, financing charges, interest prior to and during construction and, if deemed advisable by the Authority, for one year after completion of construction, engineering and legal expenses, cost of plans, specifications, surveys and estimates of cost and of revenues, other expenses necessary or incident to determining the feasibility or practicability of constructing any port facility, administrative expense, the creation of a working capital fund for placing the port facility in operation and such other expense as may be necessary or incident to the construction of such port facility, the financing of such construction and the placing of the same in operation. See Virginia Code 62.1-140
Cost: includes , without limitation, all necessary developmental, planning, and feasibility studies, surveys, plans and specifications, architectural, engineering, financial, legal, or other special services, the cost of acquisition of land and any buildings and improvements thereon, including the discharge of any obligations of the sellers of such land, buildings, or improvements, site preparation and development, including demolition or removal of existing structures, construction and reconstruction, labor, materials, machinery and equipment, the reasonable costs of financing incurred in the course of the development of the project, carrying charges incurred before placing the project in service, interest on funds borrowed to finance the project to a date subsequent to the estimated date the project is to be placed in service, necessary expenses incurred in connection with placing the project in service, the funding of accounts and reserves that the Authority may require, and the cost of other items that the Authority determines to be reasonable and necessary. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
County: includes towns. See Virginia Code 10.1-500
Courts of record: means the Supreme Court of Virginia, the Court of Appeals of Virginia, and the circuit courts. See Virginia Code 1-212
Credit enhancements: means surety bonds, insurance policies, letters of credit, guarantees, and other forms of collateral or security. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
CSO: means the discharge of untreated sanitary wastes, including industrial wastes and other wastes conveyed through a sanitary sewer system, and stormwater from combined stormwater and sanitary sewers. See Virginia Code 62.1-241.11
dam: as used in this chapter is intended to include the appurtenant pondage area or any part thereof. See Virginia Code 62.1-84
Dam break inundation zone: means the area downstream of a dam that would be inundated or otherwise directly affected by the failure of a dam. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Dam owner: means the owner of the land on which a dam is situated, the holder of an easement permitting the construction of a dam and any person or entity agreeing to maintain a dam. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Dealer: means a motor vehicle dealer licensed pursuant to Chapter 15 of Title 46. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
Debtor: means any individual having a delinquent debt or account with any claimant agency which obligation has not been satisfied by court order, set aside by court order, or discharged in bankruptcy. See Virginia Code 58.1-520
Decedent: means a deceased person. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
Defective drywall: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 62.1-199
Delinquent debt: means any liquidated sum due and owing any claimant agency, or any restitution ordered paid to a clerk of the court pursuant to Virginia Code 58.1-520
Delivery order: means a record that contains an order to deliver goods directed to a warehouseman, carrier or other person who in the ordinary course of business issues warehouse receipts or bills of lading. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Delivery sale: means a sale of liquid nicotine or nicotine vapor products to a consumer in the Commonwealth in which the consumer submits the order for the sale by telephone, over the Internet, or through the mail or another delivery system, and where the liquid nicotine or nicotine vapor products are shipped through a delivery service. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Department: means the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Department: means the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services. See Virginia Code 37.2-100
Department: means the Department of Taxation. See Virginia Code 58.1-1
Department: means the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services. See Virginia Code 37.2-900
Department: means the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-100
Department: means the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Department: means the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.24
Department: means the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
DEQ: means the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Developer: means any private developer of an energy development project. See Virginia Code 45.2-1717
Developer: means any private developer of an offshore wind energy project. See Virginia Code 45.2-1803
Developer: means any private developer of a solar energy project or an energy storage project. See Virginia Code 45.2-1901
Developmental services: means planned, individualized, and person-centered services and supports provided to individuals with developmental disabilities for the purpose of enabling these individuals to increase their self-determination and independence, obtain employment, participate fully in all aspects of community life, advocate for themselves, and achieve their fullest potential to the greatest extent possible. See Virginia Code 37.2-100
Director: means the Director of the Department of Corrections. See Virginia Code 37.2-900
Director: means the Director of the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-100
Director: means the Director of the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Director: means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
Disorder: includes any physical or mental disorder or impairment, whether caused by injury, disease, genetics, or other cause. See Virginia Code 37.2-1100
Display requirement: means a provision within the Code of Virginia, the Virginia Administrative Code, or a local ordinance or regulation that requires the display or possession of a physical credential to do an act, identify a person or piece of personal property, or show entitlement to a right or privilege. See Virginia Code 46.2-225
Disqualification: means a prohibition against driving, operating, or being in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle for a specified period of time, imposed by a court or a magistrate, or by an authorized administrative or law-enforcement official or body. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Distributor: means (i) any person engaged in the business of selling tobacco products in the Commonwealth who brings, or causes to be brought, into the Commonwealth from outside the Commonwealth any tobacco products for sale; (ii) any person who makes, manufactures, fabricates, or stores tobacco products in the Commonwealth for sale in the Commonwealth; (iii) any person engaged in the business of selling tobacco products outside the Commonwealth who ships or transports tobacco products to any person in the business of selling tobacco products in the Commonwealth; or (iv) any retail dealer in possession of untaxed tobacco products in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
District director: means a member of the governing body of a district authorized to serve as a director. See Virginia Code 10.1-500
Division: means the Division of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency of the Department of Energy. See Virginia Code 45.2-1700
Division: means the Division of Offshore Wind in the Department as established pursuant to § Virginia Code 45.2-1800
Division: means the Division of Geology and Mineral Resources. See Virginia Code 45.2-107
Division: means the Division of Mined Land Repurposing. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Document: means document of title as defined in the general definitions in Virginia Code 8.7-102
domestic business trust: means an unincorporated business, trust, or association that:
1. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Domestic partnership: means an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit formed under § Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Domesticated business trust: means the domesticating business trust as it continues in existence after a domestication. See Virginia Code 13.1-1264
Domesticating business trust: means the domestic business trust that approves a plan of domestication pursuant to § Virginia Code 13.1-1264
Domestication: means a transaction pursuant to this article, including domestication of a foreign business trust as a domestic business trust or domestication of a domestic business trust in another jurisdiction, where the other jurisdiction authorizes such a transaction even if by another name. See Virginia Code 13.1-1264
Domicile: means a person's true, fixed, and permanent home and principal residence, to which he intends to return whenever he is absent. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Donor: The person who makes a gift.
Draft: means a draft as defined in § Virginia Code 8.4-104
Drawee: means a person ordered in a draft to make payment;
(9) "Item" means an instrument or a promise or order to pay money handled by a bank for collection or payment. See Virginia Code 8.4-104
Drilling unit: means the acreage on which one gas or oil well may be drilled. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Dual enrollment: means the concurrent enrollment of a scholarship recipient in an adult education program for the high school diploma and a public or private accredited two-year or four-year Virginia institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Due notice: means notice published at least twice, with an interval of at least seven days between the two publication dates, in a newspaper or other publication of general circulation within the appropriate area, or if no such publication of general circulation is available, by posting at a reasonable number of conspicuous places within the appropriate area. See Virginia Code 10.1-500
Eastern Shore Groundwater Management Area: means the ground water management area declared by the Board encompassing the Counties of Accomack and Northampton. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Educational agency: means any (i) public school in the Commonwealth, (ii) public or private accredited two-year or four-year Virginia institution of higher education that is in compliance with the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools accreditation standards for institutions and academic programs or other national or regional organization or agency recognized by the United States Secretary of Education for accrediting purposes, (iii) high school equivalency preparation program in compliance with Board of Education guidelines, (iv) College-Level Examination Program (CLEP) in compliance with the requirements of the College Board governing college level examination programs, or (v) accredited career and technical education postsecondary school in the Commonwealth, that accepts for admission recipients of the Brown v. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Electric motor vehicle: means a vehicle that uses electricity as its only source of motive power. See Virginia Code 46.2-770
Electric motor vehicle: includes fuel cell electric vehicles. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
Electronic credential: means an electronic method by which a person may display or transmit to another person information that verifies a person's identity, identifies personal property, or serves as evidence of the right of a person to do, or to use personal property to do, an act. See Virginia Code 46.2-225
Electronic credential system: means a computer system accessed by a person using a computer, cellular telephone, or other electronic device and used to display or transmit electronic credentials to other persons or to a verification system. See Virginia Code 46.2-225
Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
emergency program: means the Emergency Program of the Federal Insurance Administration which provides subsidized flood insurance for potential flood victims, applicable to both new and existing structures, pending completion of applicable actuarial rates which is a prerequisite for eligibility to participate in the regular program. See Virginia Code 10.1-600
Emissions inspection station: means any facility or portion of a facility that has obtained an emissions inspection station permit from the Director authorizing the facility to perform emissions inspections in accordance with this article. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Employee: means :
1. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Employee: means a payroll employee or person employed under lease or contract, or a person who has applied for employment and whose employment is contingent upon obtaining a commercial driver's license. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Employer: includes (i) any person, the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof and any individual, firm, association or corporation, or the receiver or trustee of the same, or the legal representative of a deceased employer, using the service of another for pay and (ii) any volunteer fire company or volunteer emergency medical services agency electing to be included and maintaining coverage as an employer under this title. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Employer: means a person who owns or leases commercial motor vehicles and assigns employees to drive such vehicles. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Endorsement: means an authorization to an individual's commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit required to permit the individual to operate certain types of commercial motor vehicles. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Energy conservation measures: means the use of methods and techniques, the application of knowledge, or the installation of devices, including an alteration or betterment of an existing facility, that reduces energy consumption or operating costs and includes:
1. See Virginia Code 45.2-1702
Energy cost savings: means a measured reduction in fuel, energy, or operation and maintenance costs created from the implementation of one or more energy conservation measures when compared with an established baseline for previous fuel, energy, or operation and maintenance costs. See Virginia Code 45.2-1702
Energy development project: means any activity that generates, produces, or stores energy, any energy efficiency system, and any supporting ancillary activities located within Southwest Virginia and includes interests in land, improvements, and ancillary facilities and research, development, commercialization, and deployment activities designated by the Authority to the nonprofit collaborative. See Virginia Code 45.2-1717
Energy performance-based contract: means a contract for the evaluation, recommendation, and implementation of energy conservation measures that includes, at a minimum:
1. See Virginia Code 45.2-1702
Energy storage project: means an energy storage facility located within the Commonwealth and includes interests in land, improvements, and ancillary facilities. See Virginia Code 45.2-1901
Enhanced emissions inspection program: means a motor vehicle emissions inspection system established by regulations of the Board that shall designate, as the only authorized testing equipment for emissions inspection stations, (i) the use of the ASM 50-15 (acceleration simulation mode or method) together with an OBD-II (on-board diagnostic system) with wireless capability, (ii) the use of the ASM 50-15 together with the use of a dynamometer, and (iii) two-speed tailpipe testing equipment. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Enhanced recovery: means (i) any activity involving injection of any air, gas, water, or other fluid into the productive strata; (ii) the application of pressure, heat, or other means for the reduction of viscosity of the hydrocarbons; or (iii) the supplying of additional motive force other than normal pumping to increase the production of gas or oil from any well or pool. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Entity: includes any domestic or foreign business trust or other business entity, any estate or trust, and any state, the United States, and any foreign government. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Entity conversion: means conversion. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Entry-level driver: means an individual who (i) must complete the commercial driver's license skills test requirements under FMCSA regulations prior to receiving a commercial driver's license for the first time, (ii) is upgrading to a Class A or Class B commercial driver's license for the first time, or (iii) is obtaining a hazardous materials, passenger, or school bus endorsement for the first time. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Entry-level driver training: means training an entry-level driver receives from an entity listed on the FMCSA's Training Provider Registry, as provided for in Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
Evidence of a proceeding or agreement: means written evidence that the coal claimant has (i) filed and has pending a judicial or arbitration proceeding against the gas claimant to determine the ownership of the coalbed methane gas and the right to the funds held in escrow or suspense or (ii) reached an agreement with the gas claimant to apportion the funds between them. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
Ex officio: means service by virtue of one's office and includes voting privileges for ex officio members unless otherwise provided. See Virginia Code 1-215
Exclusive distributor: means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, or limited liability partnership with its principal place of business in the Commonwealth that has the sole and exclusive rights to sell to wholesale dealers in the Commonwealth a brand family of cigarettes manufactured by a tobacco product manufacturer as defined in § Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
Exploration activity: means and is limited to the drilling of test holes or stratigraphic or core holes of a depth in excess of 50 feet for the purpose of determining the location, quantity, or quality of uranium ore. See Virginia Code 45.2-2108
Exploratory well: means any well drilled to (i) find and produce gas or oil in an unproven area, (ii) find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive of gas or oil in another reservoir, or (iii) extend the limits of a known gas or oil reservoir. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
facility: means any institution operated by or under the authority of the Department and shall include, whether obtained by purchase, lease, lease/purchase, construction, reconstruction, restoration, improvement, alteration, repair or other means, any physical betterment or improvement related to the housing of juveniles or any preliminary plans, studies or surveys relative thereto; land or rights to land; and any furnishings, machines, vehicles, apparatus, or equipment for use in connection with any juvenile correctional facility. See Virginia Code 66-25.3
Facility: means a state or licensed hospital, training center, psychiatric hospital, or other type of residential or outpatient mental health or developmental services facility. See Virginia Code 37.2-100
Facility: means any structures, foundations, appurtenances, spillways, lands, easements and rights-of-way necessary to (i) store additional water for immediate or future use in feasible flood prevention sites; (ii) create the potential to store additional water by strengthening the foundations and appurtenances of structures in feasible flood prevention sites; or (iii) store water in sites not feasible for flood prevention programs, and to properly operate and maintain such stores of water or potential stores of water. See Virginia Code 10.1-636
Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
Fault: means wrongful act, omission, breach, or default. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Federal act: means the federal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, P. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Federal credit: means the maximum amount of the credit for state death taxes allowable by § 2011 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended or renumbered, or successor provision, in respect to a decedent's taxable estate. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
Federal facility: means any building or infrastructure used or to be used by the federal government, including any building or infrastructure located on lands owned by the federal government. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Federal generation skipping transfer tax: means the tax imposed by Chapter 13 of subchapter A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended. See Virginia Code 58.1-935
Federal government: means the United States of America, or any department, agency, or instrumentality, corporate or otherwise, of the United States of America. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}
Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
Field rules: means rules established by order of the Board that define a pool, drilling units, production allowables, or other requirements for gas or oil operations within an identifiable area. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Filed: means hand delivered to the Commission's office in Richmond or any regional office maintained by the Commission; sent by means of electronic transmission approved by the Commission; sent by facsimile transmission; or posted at any post office of the United States Postal Service by certified or registered mail. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Finance lease: means a lease with respect to which:
(i) The lessor does not select, manufacture, or supply the goods;
(ii) The lessor acquires the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods in connection with the lease; and
(iii) One of the following occurs:
(A) The lessee receives a copy of the contract by which the lessor acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods before signing the lease contract;
(B) The lessee's approval of the contract by which the lessor acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods is a condition to effectiveness of the lease contract;
(C) The lessee, before signing the lease contract, receives an accurate and complete statement designating the promises and warranties, and any disclaimers of warranties, limitations or modifications of remedies, or liquidated damages, including those of a third party, such as the manufacturer of the goods, provided to the lessor by the person supplying the goods in connection with or as part of the contract by which the lessor acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods; or
(D) If the lease is not a consumer lease, the lessor, before the lessee signs the lease contract, informs the lessee in writing (a) of the identity of the person supplying the goods to the lessor, unless the lessee has selected that person and directed the lessor to acquire the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods from that person, (b) that the lessee is entitled under this title to the promises and warranties, including those of any third party, provided to the lessor by the person supplying the goods in connection with or as part of the contract by which the lessor acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods, and (c) that the lessee may communicate with the person supplying the goods to the lessor and receive an accurate and complete statement of those promises and warranties, including any disclaimers and limitations of them or of remedies. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
First point of sale: means , for oil, the point at which the oil is (i) sold, exchanged, or transferred for value from one person to another person or (ii) when used by the original owner of the oil, transported off the permitted site and delivered to another facility for use by the original owner. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Fleet emissions inspection station: means any inspection facility operated under a permit issued to a qualified fleet owner or lessee as determined by the Director. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Flood plain management regulations: means zoning ordinances, subdivision regulations, the building code, health regulations, special purpose ordinances such as flood plain ordinances, grading ordinances or erosion control ordinances, and other rules, regulations and ordinances which may affect flood plain uses. See Virginia Code 10.1-600
Flood prevention or protection: means the construction of dams, levees, flood walls, channel improvements or diversions, local flood proofing, evacuation of flood-prone areas or land use controls which reduce or mitigate damage from flooding. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Flood prevention or protection: means the construction of hazard mitigation projects, acquisition of land, or implementation of land use controls that reduce or mitigate damage from coastal or riverine flooding. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.24
Flood prevention or protection studies: means hydraulic and hydrologic studies of flood plains with historic and predicted floods, the assessment of flood risk and the development of strategies to prevent or mitigate damage from flooding. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
flood-prone areas: means those areas adjoining a river, stream, water course, ocean, bay or lake which are likely to be covered by floodwaters. See Virginia Code 10.1-600
FMCSA: means the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration of the U. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
Foreign business trust: means a trust formed under the law of a jurisdiction other than the Commonwealth that would be a business trust if formed under the law of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Foreign entity: means a foreign business trust, corporation, limited liability company, limited partnership, partnership, or other entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-1264
Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
Former federal facility: means any federal facility formerly used by the federal government or in transition from use by the federal government to a facility all or part of which is to serve any local government. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
Front side windows: means those windows located adjacent to and forward of the driver's seat. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
Fuel-efficient vehicle: means a vehicle that has a combined fuel economy of 25 miles per gallon or greater. See Virginia Code 46.2-770
Full air brake: means any braking system operating fully on the air brake principle. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Fund: means the Virginia Water Facilities Revolving Fund created by this chapter. See Virginia Code 62.1-224
Fund: means the Virginia Water Supply Revolving Fund created by this chapter. See Virginia Code 62.1-233
Fund: means the Virginia Solid Waste or Recycling Revolving Fund created by this chapter. See Virginia Code 62.1-241.1
Fund: means the Virginia Community Flood Preparedness Fund created pursuant to § Virginia Code 10.1-603.24
Fund: means the Resilient Virginia Revolving Fund created by this article. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
Fund: means the Electric Vehicle Rebate Program Fund. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
Fund: means the Low-to-Moderate Income Solar Loan and Rebate Fund created pursuant to § Virginia Code 45.2-1912
Gas claimant: means a person who is identified as possessing an interest in production royalties when a drilling unit is forced-pooled or who asserts or possesses a claim to funds that are held in escrow, for a force-pooled coalbed methane gas well, or in suspense, for a voluntarily pooled coalbed methane gas well, by virtue of owning an interest in the gas estate contained within the drilling unit subject to the pooling order or agreement. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Gas or oil operations: means any (i) activity relating to drilling, redrilling, deepening, stimulating, production, enhanced recovery, converting from one type of a well to another, combining or physically changing to allow the migration of fluid from one formation to another, or plugging or replugging any well; (ii) ground-disturbing activity relating to the development, construction, operation, or abandonment of a gathering pipeline; (iii) development, operation, maintenance, or restoration of any site involved with gas or oil operations; or (iv) work undertaken at a facility used for gas or oil operations. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Gas or oil operator: means any person who operates or has been designated to operate any gas or oil well or gathering pipeline. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Gas or oil owner: means any person who owns, leases, has an interest in, or has the right to explore for, drill, or operate a gas or oil well as principal or lessee. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Gathering pipeline: means a pipeline that is used or intended for use in the transportation of gas or oil from the well to (i) a transmission pipeline regulated by the U. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Generation skipping transfer: includes every transfer subject to the tax imposed under Chapter 13 of subchapter A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, where the original transferor is a resident of the Commonwealth of Virginia at the date of original transfer, or the property transferred is real or personal property having a situs in Virginia. See Virginia Code 58.1-935
geophysical operation: means any activity in search of gas or oil that breaks or disturbs the surface of the earth, including road construction or core drilling. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Geophysical operator: means a person who has the right to explore for gas or oil using ground-disturbing geophysical exploration. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Geothermal resource: means the natural heat of the earth and the energy, in whatever form, that is present in, associated with, or created by, or that may be extracted from, such natural heat, as determined by the regulations of the Department. See Virginia Code 45.2-2000
Geothermal system: means any aquifer, pool, reservoir, or other geologic formation containing geothermal resources. See Virginia Code 45.2-2000
Gob: means the de-stressed zone associated with any full-seam extraction of coal that extends above and below the mined-out coal seam. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Good faith: means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Goods: means all things that are movable at the time of identification to the lease contract, or are fixtures (§ Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Goods: means all things that are treated as movable for the purposes of a contract of storage or transportation. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Governing instrument: means a trust instrument that creates a business trust and provides for the governance of the affairs of the business trust and the conduct of its business, including, without limitation, a declaration of trust. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
governmental: includes the government of this Commonwealth, the government of the United States, and any of their subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities. See Virginia Code 10.1-500
Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}
Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
Gross combination weight rating: means the value specified by the manufacturers of an articulated vehicle or combination of vehicles as the maximum loaded weight of such vehicles. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Gross estate: The total fair market value of all property and property interests, real and personal, tangible and intangible, of which a decedent had beneficial ownership at the time of death before subtractions for deductions, debts, administrative expenses, and casualty losses suffered during estate administration.
Gross estate: means "gross estate" as defined in § 2031 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended or renumbered, or the successor provision of the laws of the United States. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
Gross vehicle weight rating: means the value specified by the manufacturer of the vehicle as the maximum loaded weight of a single vehicle. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Ground water: means any water, except capillary moisture, beneath the land surface in the zone of saturation or beneath the bed of any stream, lake, reservoir or other body of surface water wholly or partially within the boundaries of the Commonwealth, whatever the subsurface geologic structure in which such water stands, flows, percolates or otherwise occurs. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Ground water withdrawal permit: means a certificate issued by the Board permitting the withdrawal of a specified quantity of ground water in a ground water management area. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Ground-disturbing: means any changing of land that could result in soil erosion from water or wind and the movement of sediments into state waters, including clearing, grading, excavating, drilling, and transporting and filling of land. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
Hampton Roads region: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 45.2-1800
Hazardous materials: means materials designated to be hazardous in accordance with § 103 of the federal Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Hearsay: Statements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question but heard about it from someone else. Hearsay is usually not admissible as evidence in court.
Height: means the structural height of a dam which is defined as the vertical distance from the natural bed of the stream or watercourse measured at the downstream toe of the dam to the top of the dam. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
High school equivalency preparation program: means a program of preparation and instruction for adults who did not complete high school, and for youth who have been granted permission by the division superintendent of the school in which they are enrolled, to take a high school equivalency examination approved by the Board of Education. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Hundred year flood: means a flood of that level which on the average will have a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year at designated locations. See Virginia Code 10.1-600
Hybrid lease: means a single transaction involving a lease of goods and:
(i) the provision of services;
(ii) a sale of other goods; or
(iii) a sale, lease, or license of property other than goods. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Hybrid transaction: means a single transaction involving a sale of goods and:
(a) the provision of services;
(b) a lease of other goods; or
(c) a sale, lease, or license of property other than goods. See Virginia Code 8.2-106
Impounding structure: means a man-made structure, whether a dam across a watercourse or other structure outside a watercourse, used or to be used to retain or store waters or other materials. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Incapable of making an informed decision: means unable to understand the nature, extent, or probable consequences of a proposed treatment or unable to make a rational evaluation of the risks and benefits of the proposed treatment as compared with the risks and benefits of alternatives to the treatment. See Virginia Code 37.2-1100
Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
individual: means a current direct recipient of public or private mental health, developmental, or substance abuse treatment, rehabilitation, or habilitation services and includes the terms "consumer" "patient" "resident" "recipient" or "client. See Virginia Code 37.2-100
inhabitants: means with reference to any county, city, town, political subdivision of the Commonwealth or any combination thereof, the natural persons in such county, city, town, political subdivision or combination as shown by the unadjusted United States decennial census last preceding the time at which any provision dependent upon population is being applied or the time as of which it is being construed. See Virginia Code 1-235
Injection well: means any well used to inject or otherwise place any substance associated with gas or oil operations into the earth or underground strata for disposal, storage, or enhanced recovery. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Injury: means only injury by accident arising out of and in the course of the employment or occupational disease as defined in Chapter 4 (§ Virginia Code 65.2-101
Inspector: means the Virginia Gas and Oil Inspector appointed by the Director pursuant to § Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Instructor: means any person, whether acting for himself as operator of a driver training clinic or for such clinic for compensation, who is licensed by the Department as prescribed by this chapter and who teaches, conducts classes, gives demonstrations, or supervises persons undergoing mandatory or voluntary driver improvement training. See Virginia Code 46.2-490.3
Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
Irrigation: means the controlled application of water through man-made systems to supply water requirements not satisfied by rainfall to assist in the growing or maintenance of vegetative growth. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Issuer: means a bailee who issues a document except that in relation to an unaccepted delivery order it means the person who orders the possessor of goods to deliver. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
Jurisdiction of formation: means the state or country the law of which includes the organic law governing a domestic or foreign business trust or other business entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
lane: means that portion of a roadway designed or designated to accommodate the forward movement of a single line of vehicles. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Lease: means a transfer of the right to possession and use of goods for a term in return for consideration, but a sale, including a sale on approval or a sale or return, or retention or creation of a security interest is not a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lease agreement: means the bargain, with respect to the lease, of the lessor and the lessee in fact as found in their language or by implication from other circumstances including course of dealing or usage of trade or course of performance as provided in this title. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lease contract: means the total legal obligation that results from the lease agreement as affected by this title and any other applicable rules of law. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Leasehold interest: means the interest of the lessor or the lessee under a lease contract. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
Legal tender: coins, dollar bills, or other currency issued by a government as official money. ^{Source: U.S. Mint}
Legatee: A beneficiary of a decedent
Lessee: means a person who acquires the right to possession and use of goods under a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Lessor: means a person who transfers the right to possession and use of goods under a lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
licensed: means a state hospital and a licensed hospital that provides care and treatment for persons with mental illness. See Virginia Code 37.2-100
Licensed hospital: means a hospital or institution, including a psychiatric unit of a general hospital, that is licensed pursuant to the provisions of this title. See Virginia Code 37.2-100
Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
Lien: means a charge against or interest in goods to secure payment of a debt or performance of an obligation, but the term does not include a security interest. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Liquid nicotine: means a liquid or other substance containing nicotine in a concentration that is sold, marketed, and intended for use in a nicotine vapor product. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution and laws of the Commonwealth or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
local government: includes any authority, commission, district, sanitary board or governmental entity issuing bonds on behalf of an authority, commission, district or sanitary board of an adjoining state that operates a wastewater treatment facility located in Virginia. See Virginia Code 62.1-224
Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution or laws of the Commonwealth or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 62.1-233
Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution or laws of the Commonwealth or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 62.1-241.1
Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution or laws of the Commonwealth, or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution of Virginia or laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.24
Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution or laws of the Commonwealth or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
Local obligations: means any bonds, notes, debentures, interim certificates, bond, grant or revenue anticipation notes, leases, credit enhancements, or any other obligations of a local government for the payment of money. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Locality: means a county, city or town. See Virginia Code 10.1-500
Locality: means a county, city, or town. See Virginia Code 10.1-600
Log: includes electrical survey records or electrical survey logs. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Loose leaf tobacco: means any leaf tobacco that is not intended to be smoked but does not include moist snuff. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Loose leaf tobacco half pound-unit: means a consumer-sized unit, pouch, or package containing at least four ounces but not more than eight ounces of loose leaf tobacco, by net weight, produced by the manufacturer to be sold to consumers as a single unit and not produced to be divided or sold separately and containing one individual package. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Loose leaf tobacco pound-unit: means a consumer-sized unit, pouch, or package containing more than eight ounces of loose leaf tobacco, by net weight, produced by the manufacturer to be sold to consumers as a single unit and not produced to be divided or sold separately and containing one individual package. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Loose leaf tobacco single-unit: means a consumer-sized unit, pouch, or package containing less than four ounces of loose leaf tobacco, by net weight, produced by the manufacturer to be sold to consumers as a single unit and not produced to be divided or sold separately and containing one individual package. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Low-income geographic area: means any locality, or community within a locality, that has a median household income that is not greater than 80 percent of the local median household income, or any area in the Commonwealth designated as a qualified opportunity zone by the U. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.24
Maintenance savings: means the operating expenses eliminated and future capital replacement expenditures avoided as a result of new equipment installed or services performed by the performance contractor. See Virginia Code 45.2-1702
Manufacturer: means any tobacco product manufacturer as defined in § Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Manufacturer: means a person who manufactures or produces tobacco products and sells tobacco products to a distributor. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
map: means a map, drawing, or print showing the location of a well, mine, or quarry, or other information required under this chapter. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
maximum amount: shall be construed as to take full advantage of such credit as the laws of the United States may allow. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
MEI project: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 30-309
Member: means a member of the Consortium. See Virginia Code 45.2-2100
Mine: includes all of the land or property of the mining plant, including both the surface and subsurface, that is used in or contributes directly or indirectly to the mining, concentration, or handling of the mineral resources, including all roads. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Mineral: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Mineral owner: means any person who owns minerals, leases minerals, mines and produces minerals, or has the right to mine and produce minerals and to appropriate such minerals that he produces from it, either for himself or for himself and others. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Minimum capital reserve fund requirement: means , as of any particular date of computation, the amount of money designated as the minimum capital reserve fund requirement which may be established in the resolution of the Authority authorizing the issuance of, or the trust indenture securing, any outstanding issue of bonds or credit enhancement. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Minority leader: See Floor Leaders
Moist snuff: means a tobacco product consisting of finely cut, ground, or powdered tobacco that is not intended to be smoked but does not include any finely cut, ground, or powdered tobacco that is intended to be placed in the nasal cavity. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Motor vehicle: means any vehicle that:
1. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Multipurpose passenger vehicle: means any motor vehicle that is (i) designed to carry no more than 10 persons and (ii) constructed either on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road use. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
National flood insurance program: means the program established by the United States Congress under provisions of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended, and as expanded in the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973, designed to provide flood insurance at rates made affordable through federal subsidy. See Virginia Code 10.1-600
natural gas: means all natural gas, whether hydrocarbon, nonhydrocarbon, or any combination or mixture thereof, including hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, helium, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, casing head gas, and all other fluids not defined as oil pursuant to this section. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Nature-based solution: means an approach that reduces the impacts of flood and storm events through the use of environmental processes and natural systems. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.24
Nicotine vapor product: includes any electronic cigarette, electronic cigar, electronic cigarillo, electronic pipe, closed system, open system, or similar product or device and any cartridge or other container of nicotine in a solution or other form, including liquid nicotine, that is intended to be used with or in an electronic cigarette, electronic cigar, electronic cigarillo, electronic pipe, or similar product or device. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
Noncommunity waterworks: means a waterworks that serves an average of at least twenty-five individuals for at least sixty days out of the year and such individuals are not year-round residents. See Virginia Code 62.1-233
Nonconsumptive use: means the use of water withdrawn from a stream in such a manner that it is returned to the stream without substantial diminution in quantity at or near the point from which it was taken and would not result in or exacerbate low flow conditions. See Virginia Code 62.1-242
Nonlegislative citizen member: means any natural person who is not a member of the General Assembly of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-225
Nonparticipating operator: means a gas or oil owner of a tract that is included in a drilling unit who elects to share in the operation of the well on a carried basis by agreeing to have his proportionate share of the costs allocable to his interest charged against his share of production from the well. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Nonprofit collaborative: means a multi-site nonprofit innovative energy technology testbed established as a collaborative effort of the Department of Energy, the Authority, and the Authority's business partners to support the Authority's purpose through energy technology research, development, commercialization, and deployment. See Virginia Code 45.2-1717
Nonresident: means a decedent who was domiciled outside of the Commonwealth of Virginia at his death. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
Notary: means notary public. See Virginia Code 1-226
occupational disease: means a disease arising out of and in the course of employment, but not an ordinary disease of life to which the general public is exposed outside of the employment. See Virginia Code 65.2-400
Offshore wind energy project: means a wind-powered electric energy facility, including tower, turbine, and associated equipment, located off the coast of the Commonwealth beyond the Commonwealth's three-mile jurisdictional limit, and includes interests in land, improvements, and ancillary facilities. See Virginia Code 45.2-1803
Oil: means natural crude oil or petroleum and other hydrocarbons, regardless of gravity, that are produced at the well in liquid form by ordinary production methods and are not the result of condensation of gas after it leaves the underground reservoir. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
On-road clean screen program: means a program that allows a motor vehicle owner to voluntarily certify compliance with emissions standards by means of on-road remote sensing. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
On-road emissions inspector: means the entity or entities authorized by the Department of Environmental Quality to perform on-road testing, including on-road testing in accordance with the on-road clean screen program. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
On-road testing: means tests of motor vehicle emissions or emissions control devices by means of roadside pullovers or remote sensing devices. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Open system: means a nicotine vapor product designed and intended by the manufacturer to be reusable and refilled with liquid nicotine of the end user's choice. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Operator: means any person engaging in a coal surface mining operation whether or not such coal is sold within the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Organic law: means the statute governing the internal affairs of a domestic or foreign business trust or other business entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Original bill: A bill which is drafted by a committee. It is introduced by the committee or subcommittee chairman after the committee votes to report it.
Original transferor: means any grantor, donor, trustor, or testator who by grant, gift, trust or will makes a transfer of real or personal property that results in a federal generation skipping transfer tax under applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. See Virginia Code 58.1-935
Orphaned well: means any well abandoned prior to July 1, 1950, or for which no records exist concerning its drilling, plugging, or abandonment. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Other business entity: means a domestic or foreign stock corporation, a nonstock corporation, limited liability company, partnership, or limited partnership. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Other entities: means owners of private wastewater treatment facilities. See Virginia Code 62.1-224
Other entities: means owners of waterworks; however, this term does not include the federal government or owners of noncommunity waterworks operated for profit. See Virginia Code 62.1-233
Other entity: means a domestic real estate investment trust or common law trust. See Virginia Code 13.1-1264
out-of-service declaration: means an order by a judicial officer pursuant to § Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
Owner: means the owner of the land on which a dam is situated, the holder of an easement permitting the construction of a dam and any person or entity agreeing to maintain a dam. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Pack: means a package containing either 20 or 25 cigarettes. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Participating dealer: means a dealer who is participating in the Program. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
Participating operator: means a gas or oil owner who elects to (i) bear a share of the risks and costs of drilling, completing, equipping, operating, plugging, and abandoning a well on a drilling unit and (ii) receive a share of production from the well equal to the proportion that the acreage in the drilling unit he owns or holds under lease bears to the total acreage of the drilling unit. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Partisan public office: means (i) an elective or appointive office in the executive or legislative branch or in an independent establishment of the federal government; (ii) an elective office in the executive or legislative branch of the government of the Commonwealth, or an office that is filled by appointment and is exempt from the Virginia Personnel Act (§ Virginia Code 30-391
Performance guarantee bond: means the performance bond provided by the energy performance contractor for each year of the energy program in an amount equal to, but no greater than, the guaranteed measured and verifiable annual savings set forth in the program. See Virginia Code 45.2-1702
Permit: means a permit issued by the Director pursuant to state regulations. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Permit area: means the area of land indicated on the approved map submitted by the operator with the operator's application. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Permittee: means any gas, oil, or geophysical operator holding a permit for gas, oil, or geophysical operations issued under authority of this chapter. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Permittee: means a person holding any of the following permits issued by the Director: (i) a permit for coal surface mining pursuant to § Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Person: means any and all persons, including individuals, firms, partnerships, associations, public or private institutions, municipalities or political subdivisions, governmental agencies, or private or public corporations organized under the laws of the Commonwealth or any other state or country. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Person: means any individual, firm, corporation, partnership, association, or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 45.2-2108
Person: means a natural person, firm, partnership, association, corporation, or a governmental entity including a school board. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Person: means any individual, corporation, partnership, association, company, business, trust, joint venture, or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Person: means any individual, partnership, association, joint venture, trust, company, firm, joint stock company, corporation, other group or combination acting as a unit, or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Person under a disability: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Personal estate: includes chattels real and such other estate as, upon the death of the owner intestate, would devolve upon his personal representative. See Virginia Code 1-233
Personal representative: means the personal representative of the estate of the decedent, appointed, qualified and acting within the Commonwealth, or, if there is no personal representative appointed, qualified and acting within the Commonwealth, then any person in actual or constructive possession of the Virginia gross estate of the decedent. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
Physical credential: means a document issued by an agency of the Commonwealth, another state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the United States, a foreign country, or a political subdivision of a foreign country that is issued in a physical format, such as paper or plastic, and that identifies the holder, identifies a piece of personal property, or grants the holder the permission to do, or to use property to do, an act. See Virginia Code 46.2-225
Pipe tobacco: means any tobacco that, because of its appearance, type, packaging, or labeling, is suitable for use and likely to be offered or purchased by consumers as tobacco to be smoked in a pipe. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Pipeline: means any pipe above or below the ground used or to be used to transport gas or oil. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
Plan: means the Virginia Energy Plan prepared pursuant to Article 4 (§ Virginia Code 45.2-1700
Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
Political party office: means an elective office in the national or state organization of a political party, as defined in § Virginia Code 30-391
Pool: means an underground accumulation of gas or oil in a single and separate natural reservoir. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
port facility: means harbors, seaports and all facilities used in connection therewith and shall include all those facilities named in §§ Virginia Code 62.1-140
Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
present sale: means a sale which is accomplished by the making of the contract. See Virginia Code 8.2-106
President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service.
Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
Prism effect: means a visual, iridescent, or rainbow-like effect that separates light into various colored components that may change depending on viewing angle. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
Private entities: means dam owners, whether individuals, partnerships, corporations, or other nongovernmental entities. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
Probate: Proving a will
Professional degree program: means an accredited graduate level program of study offered by a Virginia institution of higher education that has been accepted for participation in the Program by the Brown v. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Professional employer organization: means any person that enters into a written agreement with a client company to provide professional employer services. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Professional employer services: means services provided to a client company pursuant to a written agreement with a professional employer organization whereby the professional employer organization initially employs all or a majority of a client company's workforce and assumes responsibilities as an employer for all coemployees that are assigned, allocated, or shared by the agreement between the professional employer organization and the client company. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Profile: means an electronic credential created by the Department that displays a different set of data fields than are displayed on the physical credential. See Virginia Code 46.2-225
Program: means the Brown v. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Program: means the Electric Vehicle Rebate Program established pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
Program: means the Low-to-Moderate Income Solar Loan and Rebate Pilot Program created pursuant to § Virginia Code 45.2-1912
Program coordinator: means any person or corporation that has entered into a contract with the Director to provide services in accordance with this article. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Project: means (i) any water supply or wastewater treatment facility, including a facility for receiving and stabilizing septage or a soil drainage management facility, and any solid waste treatment, disposal, or management facility, recycling facility, federal facility or former federal facility, or resource recovery facility located or to be located in the Commonwealth, the District of Columbia, or any adjoining state, all or part of which facility serves or is to serve any local government, and (ii) any federal facility located or to be located in the Commonwealth, provided that both the Board of Directors of the Authority and the governing body of the local government receiving the benefit of the loan, grant, or credit enhancement from the Authority make a determination or finding to be embodied in a resolution or ordinance that the undertaking and financing of such facility is necessary for the location or retention of such facility and the related use by the federal government in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 62.1-199
Project: means any small water facility project as defined in § Virginia Code 62.1-224
Project: means any water supply facility which serves primarily residents of the Commonwealth or which is located or to be located in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 62.1-233
Project: means any solid waste management facility as defined in § Virginia Code 62.1-241.1
Project: means the development and implementation of activities or measures performed to eliminate, prevent, reduce, or mitigate damages caused by flooding or to identify flood hazards; the design, repair, and safety modifications of a dam or impounding structure, as defined in § Virginia Code 10.1-603.16
Project: means (i) home upgrades for resilience purposes, home buyouts necessary for the construction of mitigation or resilience projects, relocations, and buyout assistance for homes, all including multifamily units; (ii) gap funding related to buyouts in order to move residents out of floodplain hazard areas and restore or enhance the natural flood mitigation capacity of functioning floodplains; (iii) assistance to low-income and moderate-income homeowners to help lower flood risk through structural and nonstructural mitigation projects, or other means; (iv) loans and grants to persons for hazard mitigation and infrastructure improvement projects for resilience purposes; and (v) projects identified in the Virginia Flood Protection Master Plan or the Virginia Coastal Resilience Master Plan. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
Public corporation: means the Commonwealth of Virginia or any political subdivision thereof or any incorporated municipality therein or any public agency of the Commonwealth or of any political subdivision thereof or of any municipality therein. See Virginia Code 1-219.1
Public defender: Represent defendants who can't afford an attorney in criminal matters.
Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
Purchase: includes taking by sale, lease, mortgage, security interest, pledge, gift, or any other voluntary transaction creating an interest in goods. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Purchase: means the purchase or lease of a new or used electric motor vehicle. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
Qualifying project: means the same as that term is defined in the Public-Private Education Facilities and Infrastructure Act of 2002. See Virginia Code 30-278
Rappahannock River Basin: means that land area designated as the Rappahannock River Basin by the State Water Control Board pursuant to § Virginia Code 62.1-69.25
Rear side windows: means those windows located to the rear of the driver's seat. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
rear windows: means those windows that are located to the rear of the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle and that are approximately parallel to the windshield. See Virginia Code 46.2-1052
Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
Recovered gas energy facility: means a facility, located at or adjacent to (i) a solid waste management facility permitted by the Department of Environmental Quality or (ii) a sewerage system or sewage treatment work described in § Virginia Code 62.1-199
Refund: means any individual's Virginia state or local income tax refund payable pursuant to § Virginia Code 58.1-520
Regular flood insurance program: means a program of insurance under the national flood insurance program, for which the Federal Insurance Administrator has issued a flood insurance rate map and applicable actuarial rates, and under which new construction will not be eligible for flood insurance except at the applicable actuarial rates. See Virginia Code 10.1-600
Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
Remote retail sale: means any sale of cigars or pipe tobacco to a consumer in the Commonwealth when (i) the consumer submits the order for the sale by means of a telephone or other method of voice transmission, the mail, or the Internet or other online service, or the seller is otherwise not in the physical presence of the consumer when the request for the purchase or order is made, or (ii) the cigars or pipe tobacco are delivered to the consumer by common carrier, private delivery service, or other method of remote delivery, or the seller is not in the physical presence of the consumer when the buyer obtains possession of the cigars or pipe tobacco. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Remote retail seller: means a person located within or outside of the Commonwealth that makes remote retail sales of cigars or pipe tobacco. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Remote sensing: means the measurement of motor vehicle emissions through electronic or light-sensing equipment from a remote location such as the roadside. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
reproduction: shall be deemed to include photographs, microphotographs, microfilm, microcard, printouts, optical imaging or other reproductions of electronically stored data, or any other reproduction of an original from a process which forms a durable medium for its recording, storing, and reproducing. See Virginia Code 58.1-106
Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
Resident: means a decedent who was domiciled in the Commonwealth of Virginia at his death. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
Resilience: means the capability to anticipate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from significant multi-hazard threats with minimum damage to social well-being, health, the economy, and the environment. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
Respondent: means the person who is subject of a petition filed under this chapter. See Virginia Code 37.2-900
Responsible public entity: means a public entity that is an agency or institution of the Commonwealth and that has the power to develop or operate a qualifying project. See Virginia Code 30-278
Restoration: means all activity required to return a permitted site to other use after gas, oil, or geophysical operations have ended, as approved in the operations plan for the permitted site. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Restriction: means a prohibition on a commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit that prohibits the holder from operating certain commercial motor vehicles. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Resulting entity: means the domestic limited liability company or business trust that is in existence upon consummation of an entity conversion pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 13.1-1264
Retail dealer: includes every person other than a wholesale dealer, as defined in this section, who sells or offers for sale any cigarettes and who is properly registered as a retail trade with the Commonwealth in accordance with the Virginia Department of Taxation Business Registration Application (Form R-1). See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Retail dealer: means every person that sells or offers for sale any tobacco product or liquid nicotine to consumers at retail in a transaction other than a remote retail sale and includes any person that holds an approved Retail Sales and Use Tax Exemption Certificate for Stamped Cigarettes Purchased for Resale or an Other Tobacco Products Distributor's License issued by the Department of Taxation. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
revenue bonds: means bonds for which only the revenues of port facilities are pledged to the payment of the principal of and interest on said bonds. See Virginia Code 62.1-140
revocation: means that the document or privilege revoked is not subject to renewal or restoration except through reapplication after the expiration of the period of revocation. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
revolving fund: means the Conservation, Small Watersheds Flood Control and Area Development Fund. See Virginia Code 10.1-636
Rivanna River Basin: means that land area designated as the Rivanna River Basin by the State Water Control Board pursuant to § Virginia Code 62.1-69.45
Roadway: means that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, exclusive of the shoulder. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Roanoke River Basin: means that land area designated as the Roanoke River Basin by the Virginia State Water Control Board, pursuant to § Virginia Code 62.1-69.36
Royalty owner: means any owner of gas or oil in place, or owner of gas or oil rights, who is eligible to receive payment based on the production of gas or oil. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Safety zone: means the area officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and that is protected or is so marked or indicated by plainly visible signs. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
sale at retail: includes all sales except sales by wholesale dealers to retail dealers or other wholesale dealers for resale. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
School bus: means any motor vehicle, other than a station wagon, automobile, truck, or commercial bus, which is: (i) designed and used primarily for the transportation of pupils to and from public, private or religious schools, or used for the transportation of individuals with mental or physical disabilities to and from a sheltered workshop; (ii) painted yellow and bears the words "School Bus" in black letters of a specified size on front and rear; and (iii) is equipped with warning devices prescribed in § Virginia Code 46.2-100
Scrap metal processor: means any person who is engaged in the business of processing motor vehicles into scrap for remelting purposes who, from a fixed location, utilizes machinery and equipment for processing and manufacturing ferrous and nonferrous metallic scrap into prepared grades, and whose principal product is metallic scrap. See Virginia Code 46.2-1200
Secretary: means the U. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
Seller: means a person who sells or contracts to sell goods. See Virginia Code 8.2-103
Semitrailer: means every vehicle of the trailer type so designed and used in conjunction with a motor vehicle that some part of its own weight and that of its own load rests on or is carried by another vehicle. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Shared-use path: means a bikeway that is physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier and is located either within the highway right-of-way or within a separate right-of-way. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Shipper: means a person that enters into a contract of transportation with a carrier. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
Shoulder: means that part of a highway between the portion regularly traveled by vehicular traffic and the lateral curbline or ditch. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Sidewalk: means the portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines, intended for use by pedestrians. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
SKU: means an individual stock keeping unit identifier used for tracking inventory. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Snowmobile: means a self-propelled vehicle designed to travel on snow or ice, steered by skis or runners, and supported in whole or in part by one or more skis, belts, or cleats. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
soil and water conservation district: means a political subdivision of this Commonwealth organized in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. See Virginia Code 10.1-500
Solar energy project: means an electric generation facility located within the Commonwealth and includes interests in land, improvements, and ancillary facilities. See Virginia Code 45.2-1901
Southwest Virginia: means the region of the Commonwealth designated as Southwest Virginia in § Virginia Code 45.2-1717
Special construction and forestry equipment: means any vehicle which is designed primarily for highway construction, highway maintenance, earth moving, timber harvesting or other construction or forestry work and which is not designed for the transportation of persons or property on a public highway. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Special justice: means a person appointed by a chief judge of a judicial circuit for the purpose of performing the duties of a judge pursuant to § Virginia Code 37.2-100
Specially constructed vehicle: means any vehicle that was not originally constructed under a distinctive name, make, model, or type by a generally recognized manufacturer of vehicles and not a reconstructed vehicle as herein defined. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
sports official: includes an umpire, referee, judge, scorekeeper, timekeeper or other person who is a neutral participant in a sports event. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
Staffing service: means any person, other than a professional employer organization, that hires its own employees and assigns them to a client to support or supplement the client's workforce. See Virginia Code 65.2-101
stamping agent: includes "distributor" as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Stamps: means the stamp or stamps by the use of which the tax levied under this chapter is paid and shall be officially designated as Virginia revenue stamps. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
State: means any state, territory or possession of the United States and the District of Columbia. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
State: means one of the 50 states of the United States or the District of Columbia. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
State Board: means the Board of Juvenile Justice;
"Child" means any natural person under eighteen years of age;
"Department" means the Department of Juvenile Justice;
"Director" means the Director of Juvenile Justice. See Virginia Code 66-12
State regulations: means the permanent state regulatory program established by this chapter meeting the requirements of the federal act for the regulation of coal surface mining and reclamation operations within the Commonwealth, submitted to the Secretary pursuant to § 503 of the federal act. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
State waters: means all water, on the surface and under the ground, that is wholly or partially within or bordering the Commonwealth or within its jurisdiction and that affects the public welfare. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
Statutes at large: A chronological listing of the laws enacted each Congress. They are published in volumes numbered by Congress.
Stimulation: means any action taken by a gas or oil operator to increase the inherent productivity of a gas or oil well, including fracturing, shooting, or acidizing, but excluding (i) cleaning out, bailing, or workover operations and (ii) the use of surface-tension reducing agents, emulsion breakers, paraffin solvents, or other agents that affect the gas or oil being produced, as distinguished from the producing formation. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Storage: means any keeping or retention in the Commonwealth of cigarettes for any purpose except sale in the regular course of business or subsequent use solely outside the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Storage well: means any well used for the underground storage of gas. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Sublease: means a lease of goods the right to possession and use of which was acquired by the lessor as a lessee under an existing lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
Superintendent: means the Superintendent of the Department of State Police of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Supplier: means a person from whom a lessor buys or leases goods to be leased under a finance lease. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Supply contract: means a contract under which a lessor buys or leases goods to be leased. See Virginia Code 8.2A-103
Supreme Court: means the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-249
Surface owner: means any person who is the owner of record of the surface of the land. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Surface water: means any water in the Commonwealth, except ground water, as defined in § Virginia Code 62.1-242
Surface water management area: means a geographically defined surface water area in which the Board has deemed the levels or supply of surface water to be potentially adverse to public welfare, health and safety. See Virginia Code 62.1-242
Surface water withdrawal permit: means a document issued by the Board evidencing the right to withdraw surface water. See Virginia Code 62.1-242
Surficial aquifer: means the upper surface of a zone of saturation, where the body of ground water is not confined by an overlying impermeable zone. See Virginia Code 62.1-255
Surviving entity: means the domestic business trust that is in existence upon consummation of a domestication pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 13.1-1264
suspension: means that the document or privilege suspended has been temporarily withdrawn, but may be reinstated following the period of suspension unless it has expired prior to the end of the period of suspension. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Tank vehicle: means any commercial motor vehicle that is designed to transport any liquid or gaseous materials within a tank or tanks having an individual rated capacity of more than 119 gallons and an aggregate rated capacity of 1,000 gallons or more that is either permanently or temporarily attached to the vehicle or the chassis. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Tax-paid cigarettes: means cigarettes that (i) bear valid Virginia stamps to evidence payment of excise taxes or (ii) were purchased outside of the Commonwealth and either (a) bear a valid tax stamp for the state in which the cigarettes were purchased or (b) when no tax stamp is required by the state, proper evidence can be provided to establish that applicable excise taxes have been paid. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Taxable estate: means "taxable estate" as defined in § 2051 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended or renumbered, or the successor provision of the laws of the United States. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
Test and repair: means motor vehicle emissions inspection facilities that perform official motor vehicle emissions inspections and may also perform vehicle repairs. See Virginia Code 46.2-1176
Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.
Testify: Answer questions in court.
Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
Third party examiner: means an individual who is an employee of a third party tester and who is certified by the Department to administer tests required for a commercial driver's license. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Third party tester: means a person (including another state, a motor carrier, a private institution, the military, a government entity, including each comprehensive community college in the Virginia Community College System established by the State Board for Community Colleges pursuant to Chapter 29 of Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Third-party electronic credential system: means an electronic credential system that is not maintained by the Department or by an agent of the Department on its behalf. See Virginia Code 46.2-225
Tier-city: means an incorporated community within a consolidated county that (i) has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more, (ii) has been designated as a tier-city by the General Assembly, and (iii) has both the powers of a town and such additional powers as may be granted tier-cities by the General Assembly. See Virginia Code 1-252
tobacco products: means (i) "cigar" as defined in § 5702(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, and as such section may be amended; (ii) "smokeless tobacco" as defined in § 5702(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, and as such section may be amended; or (iii) "pipe tobacco" as defined in § 5702(n) of the Internal Revenue Code, and as such section may be amended. See Virginia Code 58.1-1021.01
Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
Tow truck: means a motor vehicle for hire (i) designed to lift, pull, or carry another vehicle by means of a hoist or other mechanical apparatus and (ii) having a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating of at least 10,000 pounds. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Towing and recovery operator: means a person engaged in the business of (i) removing disabled vehicles, parts of vehicles, their cargoes, and other objects to facilities for repair or safekeeping and (ii) restoring to the highway or other location where they either can be operated or removed to other locations for repair or safekeeping vehicles that have come to rest in places where they cannot be operated. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Toy vehicle: means any motorized or propellant-driven device that has no manufacturer-issued vehicle identification number that is designed or used to carry any person or persons, on any number of wheels, bearings, glides, blades, runners, or a cushion of air. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Tractor truck: means every motor vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing other vehicles and not so constructed as to carry a load other than a part of the load and weight of the vehicle attached thereto. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Traffic control device: means a sign, signal, marking, or other device used to regulate, warn, or guide traffic placed on, over, or adjacent to a street, highway, private road open to public travel, pedestrian facility, or shared-use path by authority of a public agency or official having jurisdiction, or in the case of a private road open to public travel, by authority of the private owner or private official having jurisdiction. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Traffic infraction: means a violation of law punishable as provided in § Virginia Code 46.2-100
Trailer: means every vehicle without motive power designed for carrying property or passengers wholly on its own structure and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, including manufactured homes. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Training center: means a facility operated by the Department that provides training, habilitation, or other individually focused supports to persons with intellectual disability. See Virginia Code 37.2-100
Training provider: means a person that provides entry-level driver training and that is (i) a Virginia licensed Class A driver training school or a Virginia certified third party tester and is listed on the federal Training Provider Registry or (ii) an entity that is otherwise licensed, certified, registered, or authorized to provide training in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth or the applicable laws of another state and is listed on the federal Training Provider Registry. See Virginia Code 46.2-341.4
Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
Treatment: includes the provision, withholding, or withdrawal of a specific treatment or course of treatment upon a showing that the requirements of subsection G of § Virginia Code 37.2-1100
Truck: means every motor vehicle designed to transport property on its own structure independent of any other vehicle and having a registered gross weight in excess of 7,500 pounds. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Trust: includes a common law trust, business trust, and foreign business trust. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
Trustee: means a person appointed as a trustee in accordance with the governing instrument of a business trust. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Trustor: The person who makes or creates a trust. Also known as the grantor or settlor.
Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
United States: includes any district, authority, bureau, commission, department, or other agency of the United States. See Virginia Code 13.1-1201
Usable quality water: means groundwater that is used or can be used for a beneficial purpose, including a domestic, livestock, or irrigation use. See Virginia Code 45.2-2108
Use: means the exercise of any right or power over cigarettes incident to the ownership thereof or by any transaction where possession is given, except that it does not include the sale of cigarettes in the regular course of business. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Used electric motor vehicle: means a previously owned or leased electric motor vehicle that is more than two years old and not more than seven years old. See Virginia Code 45.2-1726
User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
Utility vehicle: means a motor vehicle that is (i) designed for off-road use, (ii) powered by a motor, and (iii) used for general maintenance, security, agricultural, or horticultural purposes. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Value: means "value" as finally determined for federal estate tax purposes under the laws of the United States relating to federal estate taxes. See Virginia Code 58.1-901
Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate.
Vehicle: means every device in, on or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn on a highway, except personal delivery devices and devices moved by human power or used exclusively on stationary rails or tracks. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
Vehicle removal certificate: means a transferable document issued by the Department for any abandoned motor vehicle that authorizes the removal and destruction of the vehicle. See Virginia Code 46.2-1200
Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
Verification system: means a computer system operated by the Department or its agent on its behalf that is made available to persons who are presented with electronic credentials for the purpose of verifying the authenticity and validity of electronic credentials issued by the Department or by other government agencies or jurisdictions. See Virginia Code 46.2-225
Warehouseman: is a person engaged in the business of storing goods for hire. See Virginia Code 8.7-102
warehouseman: as used in this chapter means any person, firm or corporation engaged in the business of selling leaf tobacco at auction, for a commission or for any other consideration. See Virginia Code 61.1-53
Water: includes all waters, on the surface and under the ground, wholly or partially within or bordering the Commonwealth or within its jurisdiction and which affect the public welfare. See Virginia Code 62.1-10
Water well: means any well drilled, bored, or dug into the earth for the sole purpose of extracting from it potable, fresh, or usable water for household, domestic, industrial, agricultural, or public use. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Watercourse: means a natural channel having a well-defined bed and banks and in which water normally flows. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Watercraft transporter: means any tractor truck, lowboy, vehicle, or combination, including vehicles or combinations that transport watercraft on their power unit, designed and used exclusively for the transportation of watercraft. See Virginia Code 46.2-100
waters of the Commonwealth: as used in this chapter shall mean: (a) Any stream or that portion of any stream in this Commonwealth which prior to June 21, 1932, has been declared navigable by any unrepealed statute of this Commonwealth, or (b) any stream or that portion of any stream in this Commonwealth, the bed of which is owned by the Commonwealth, or (c) those parts of streams or other bodies of water in this Commonwealth which either in their natural or improved condition, notwithstanding interruptions between the navigable parts of such streams or waters by falls, shallows, or rapids, compelling land carriage, are used or suitable for use for the transportation of persons or property in interstate or foreign commerce, including therein all such interrupting falls, shallows or rapids, and also any stream or part thereof in this Commonwealth other than those above mentioned in this subdivision in which the construction of any dam or works as authorized by this chapter would affect the interests of interstate or foreign commerce, or (d) that portion of any river or stream flowing between the high-water mark on the Virginia shore and the low-water mark when such low-water mark constitutes the boundary line between Virginia and another state. See Virginia Code 62.1-81
Waterworks: means a system that serves piped water for drinking or domestic use to (i) the public, (ii) at least fifteen connections or (iii) an average of twenty-five individuals for at least sixty days out of the year. See Virginia Code 62.1-233
Well: means any shaft or hole sunk, drilled, bored, or dug into the earth or into underground strata for the extraction, injection, or placement of any gaseous or liquid substance or any shaft or hole sunk or used in conjunction with such extraction, injection, or placement. See Virginia Code 45.2-1600
Whips: Assistants to the floor leaders who are also elected by their party conferences. The Majority and Minority Whips (and their assistants) are responsible for mobilizing votes within their parties on major issues. In the absence of a party floor leader, the whip often serves as acting floor leader.
Wholesale dealer: includes persons who are properly registered as tobacco product merchant wholesalers with the Commonwealth in accordance with the Virginia Department of Taxation Business Registration Application (Form R-1) and who (i) sell cigarettes at wholesale only to retail dealers for the purpose of resale only or (ii) sell at wholesale to institutional, commercial, or industrial users. See Virginia Code 58.1-1000
Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.

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Virginia Code > Title 13.1 > Chapter 14 – Virginia Business Trust Act

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