§ 18.2-214 Changing or removing, etc., trademarks, identification marks, etc.
§ 18.2-214.1 Penalties for failure to report removal or alteration of identification or serial number on business machines.
§ 18.2-215 Removal or alteration of identification numbers on household electrical appliances; possession of such appliances.
§ 18.2-216 Untrue, deceptive or misleading advertising, inducements, writings or documents.
§ 18.2-216.1 Unauthorized use of name or picture of any person; punishment.
§ 18.2-217 Advertising merchandise, etc., for sale with intent not to sell at price or terms advertised; prima facie evidence of violation.
§ 18.2-218 Failure to indicate goods, etc., are “seconds,” “irregulars,” “secondhand,” etc.
§ 18.2-219 Repealed.
§ 18.2-220 Use of word “wholesale” or “wholesaler.”.
§ 18.2-221 Advertising new or used automobiles or trucks.
§ 18.2-222 Misrepresentation as to source of merchandise; penalty.
§ 18.2-223 “Going out of business” sales; permit required.
§ 18.2-224 “Going out of business” sales; counties, cities and towns to issue permits; inspections; application for permit; inventory required; commingling of other goods prohibited; duration; additional permits; inclusion of permit number and dates in advertis
§ 18.2-225 Misrepresentations as to agricultural products.
§ 18.2-226 Fraud and misrepresentation in sale of liquid fuels, lubricating oils and similar products.
§ 18.2-227 Same; sale from pump indicating other brand.
§ 18.2-228 Same; imitating indicia of other brands.
§ 18.2-229 Same; false trade name or mixing brands.
§ 18.2-230 Same; assisting in violation of §§ 18.2-226 through 18.2-229.
§ 18.2-231 Same; label required.
§ 18.2-232 Same; punishment for violation of §§ 18.2-226 through 18.2-231.
§ 18.2-233 Sale of goods marked “sterling” and “sterling silver.”.
§ 18.2-234 Sale of goods marked “coin” and “coin silver.”.
§ 18.2-235 Regulating sale of merchandise made of gold.
§ 18.2-236 Repealed.
§ 18.2-237 Buying, etc., certain secondhand materials; intent; possession.
§ 18.2-238 Buying, etc., pig iron, etc., with intent to defraud; possession; evidence of intent.
§ 18.2-239 Pyramid promotional schemes; misdemeanor; definitions; contracts void.
§ 18.2-240 Same; injunction.
§ 18.2-241 Acceptance of promissory notes in payment for food sold at retail.
§ 18.2-242 Use of games, lotteries, etc., for promoting sale of certain products.
§ 18.2-242.1 Certain referral transactions in connection with consumer sales or leases prohibited; effect of such transactions.
§ 18.2-243 When issuer or distributor of advertisements not guilty of violation; inadvertent error.
§ 18.2-244 Right to select clientele or customers not affected.
§ 18.2-245 Enjoining violation of this article.
§ 18.2-246 Penalty in general for violations.
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Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 18.2 > Chapter 6 > Article 8 - Misrepresentations and Other Offenses Connected with Sales.

  • Adoptive home: means any family home selected and approved by a parent, local board or a licensed child-placing agency for the placement of a child with the intent of adoption. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Adoptive placement: means arranging for the care of a child who is in the custody of a child-placing agency in an approved home for the purpose of adoption. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Adult: means a person 18 years of age or more. See Virginia Code 1-203
  • Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
  • Allegation: something that someone says happened.
  • Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
  • Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
  • City: means an independent incorporated community which became a city as provided by law before noon on July 1, 1971, or which has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more and which has become a city as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-208
  • Commissioner: means the Commissioner of the Department, his designee or authorized representative. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
  • Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
  • Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
  • Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
  • Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
  • Department: means the State Department of Social Services. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
  • Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
  • Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
  • in writing: include any representation of words, letters, symbols, numbers, or figures, whether (i) printed or inscribed on a tangible medium or (ii) stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in a perceivable form and whether an electronic signature authorized by Virginia Code 1-257
  • Includes: means includes, but not limited to. See Virginia Code 1-218
  • Independent living: means a planned program of services designed to assist a child age 16 and over and persons who are former foster care children or were formerly committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice and are between the ages of 18 and 21 in transitioning to self-sufficiency. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
  • Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
  • Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
  • Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC
  • Local board: means the local board of social services representing one or more counties or cities. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Local department: means the local department of social services of any county or city in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Local director: means the director or his designated representative of the local department of the city or county. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Locality: means a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 1-221
  • Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year. See Virginia Code 1-223
  • Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
  • Oath: includes affirmation. See Virginia Code 1-228
  • Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
  • Parental placement: means locating or effecting the placement of a child or the placing of a child in a family home by the child's parent or legal guardian for the purpose of foster care or adoption. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • Person: includes any individual, corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or any other legal or commercial entity and any successor, representative, agent, agency, or instrumentality thereof. See Virginia Code 1-230
  • Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
  • Process: includes subpoenas, the summons and complaint in a civil action, and process in statutory actions. See Virginia Code 1-237
  • real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
  • Social services: means foster care, adoption, adoption assistance, child-protective services, domestic violence services, or any other services program implemented in accordance with regulations adopted by the Board. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
  • State: when applied to a part of the United States, includes any of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-245
  • Testify: Answer questions in court.
  • Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
  • Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July 1, 1971, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-254
  • Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
  • United States: includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-255
  • Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.