(a) All basic models of commercial package air-conditioning and heating equipment must be tested for performance using the applicable DOE test procedure in § 431.96, be compliant with the applicable standards set forth in paragraphs (b) through (h) of this section, and be certified to the Department under 10 CFR part 429.

lawyer at desk

Ask a business law question, get an answer ASAP!
Thousands of highly rated, verified business lawyers.
Click here to chat with a lawyer about your rights.

(b) Each commercial air conditioner or heat pump (not including single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, packaged terminal air conditioners and packaged terminal heat pumps, computer room air conditioners, and variable refrigerant flow systems) manufactured starting on the compliance date listed in the corresponding table must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in tables 1 through 6 to this paragraph (b).

Table 1 to § 431.97(b)—Minimum Cooling Efficiency Standards for Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment

[Not including single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, packaged terminal air conditioners and packaged terminal heat pumps, computer room air conditioners, variable refrigerant flow multi-split air conditioners and heat pumps, and double-duct air-cooled commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment]

Equipment typeCooling capacitySubcategoryHeating typeEfficiency levelCompliance date: equipment
manufactured
starting on . . .
Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hACNo Heating or Electric Resistance Heating
All Other Types of Heating		EER = 11.2

EER = 11.0

January 1, 2010.1

January 1, 2010.1

HPNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 11.0January 1, 2010.1
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 10.8January 1, 2010.1
Large Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hACNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 11.0January 1, 2010.1
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 10.8January 1, 2010.1
HPNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 10.6January 1, 2010.1
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 10.4January 1, 2010.1
Very Large Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hACNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 10.0January 1, 2010.1
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 9.8January 1, 2010.1
HPNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 9.5January 1, 2010.1
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 9.3January 1, 2010.1
Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Water-Cooled)<65,000 Btu/h
?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h		AC
AC		All
No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating		EER = 12.1
EER = 12.1		October 29, 2003.
June 1, 2013.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 11.9June 1, 2013.
Large Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Water-Cooled)?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hACNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 12.5June 1, 2014.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 12.3June 1, 2014.
Very Large Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Water-Cooled)?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hACNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 12.4June 1, 2014.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 12.2June 1, 2014.
Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Evaporatively-Cooled)<65,000 Btu/h
?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h		AC
AC		All
No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating		EER = 12.1
EER = 12.1		October 29, 2003.
June 1, 2013.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 11.9June 1, 2013.
Large Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Evaporatively-Cooled)?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hACNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 12.0June 1, 2014.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 11.8June 1, 2014.
Very Large Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Evaporatively-Cooled)?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hACNo Heating or Electric Resistance HeatingEER = 11.9June 1, 2014.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 11.7June 1, 2014.
Small Commercial Package Air-Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Water-Source: Water-to-Air, Water-Loop)<17,000 Btu/h
?17,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h		HP
HP		All
All		EER = 11.2
EER = 12.0		October 29, 2003.2
October 29, 2003.2
?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hHPAllEER = 12.0October 29, 2003.2

1 And manufactured before January 1, 2018. See Table 3 of this section for updated efficiency standards.

2 And manufactured before October 9, 2015. See Table 3 of this section for updated efficiency standards.

Table 2 to § 431.97(b)—Minimum Heating Efficiency Standards for Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment

[Heat pumps]

Equipment typeCooling capacityEfficiency levelCompliance date: equipment
manufactured
starting on . . .
Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hCOP = 3.3January 1, 2010.1
Large Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hCOP = 3.2January 1, 2010.1
Very Large Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hCOP = 3.2January 1, 2010.1
Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Water-Source: Water-to-Air, Water-Loop)<135,000 Btu/hCOP = 4.2October 29, 2003.2

1 And manufactured before January 1, 2018. See Table 4 of this section for updated efficiency standards.

2 And manufactured before October 9, 2015. See Table 4 of this section for updated efficiency standards.

Table 3 to § 431.97(b)—Updates to the Minimum Cooling Efficiency Standards for Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment

[Not including single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, packaged terminal air conditioners and packaged terminal heat pumps, computer room air conditioners, variable refrigerant flow multi-split air conditioners and heat pumps, and double-duct air-cooled commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment]

Equipment typeCooling capacitySubcategoryHeating typeEfficiency levelCompliance date: equipment
manufactured
starting on . . .
Small Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hACElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingIEER = 12.9
IEER = 14.8		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
All Other Types of HeatingIEER = 12.7
IEER = 14.6		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
HPElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingIEER = 12.2
IEER = 14.1		January 1, 2018.1
January 1. 2023.
All Other Types of HeatingIEER = 12.0
IEER = 13.9		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
Large Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hACElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingIEER = 12.4
IEER = 14.2		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
All Other Types of HeatingIEER = 12.2
IEER = 14.0		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
HPElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingIEER = 11.6
IEER = 13.5		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
All Other Types of HeatingIEER = 11.4
IEER = 13.3		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
Very Large Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hACElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingIEER = 11.6
IEER = 13.2		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
All Other Types of HeatingIEER = 11.4
IEER = 13.0		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
HPElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingIEER = 10.6
IEER = 12.5		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
All Other Types of HeatingIEER = 10.4
IEER = 12.3		January 1, 2018.1
January 1, 2023.
Small Commercial Packaged Air-Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Water-Source: Water-to-Air, Water-Loop)<17,000 Btu/h
?17,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h		HP
HP		All
All		EER = 12.2
EER = 13.0		October 9, 2015.
October 9, 2015.
?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hHPAllEER = 13.0October 9, 2015.

1 And manufactured before January 1, 2023.

Table 4 to § 431.97(b)—Updates to the Minimum Heating Efficiency Standards for Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment

[Heat pumps]

Equipment typeCooling capacityEfficiency level 1Compliance date: equipment
manufactured
starting on . . .
Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Water-Source: Water-to-Air, Water-Loop)<135,000 Btu/hCOP = 4.3October 9, 2015.
Small Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hCOP = 3.3
COP = 3.4		January 1, 2018.2
January 1, 2023.
Large Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hCOP = 3.2
COP = 3.3		January 1, 2018.2
January 1, 2023.
Very Large Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hCOP = 3.2January 1, 2018

1 For units tested using the relevant AHRI Standards, all COP values must be rated at 47 °F outdoor dry-bulb temperature for air-cooled equipment.

2 And manufactured before January 1, 2023.

Table 5 to § 431.97(b)—Minimum Cooling Efficiency Standards for Double-Duct Air-Conditioning and Heating Equipment

Equipment typeCooling capacitySubcategoryHeating typeEfficiency levelCompliance date: Equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Small Double-Duct Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hACElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingEER = 11.2January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 11.0January 1, 2010.
HPElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingEER = 11.0January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 10.8January 1, 2010.
Large Commercial Double-Duct Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hACElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingEER = 11.0January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 10.8January 1, 2010.
HPElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingEER = 10.6January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 10.4January 1, 2010.
Very Large Double-Duct Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled)?240,000 Btu/h and <300,000 Btu/hACElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingEER = 10.0January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 9.8January 1, 2010.
HPElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingEER = 9.5January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingEER = 9.3January 1, 2010.

Table 6 to § 431.97(b)—Minimum Heating Efficiency Standards for Double-Duct Air-Cooled Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment

[Heat pumps]

Equipment typeCooling capacityHeating typeEfficiency level 1Compliance date: Equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Small Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled, Double-Duct)?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingCOP = 3.3January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingCOP = 3.3January 1, 2010.
Large Commercial Packaged Air-Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled, Double-Duct)?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingCOP = 3.2January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingCOP = 3.2January 1, 2010.
Very Large Commercial Packaged Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment (Air-Cooled, Double-Duct)?240,000 Btu/h and <300,000 Btu/hElectric Resistance Heating or No HeatingCOP = 3.2January 1, 2010.
All Other Types of HeatingCOP = 3.2January 1, 2010.

1 For units tested using the relevant AHRI Standards, all COP values must be rated at 47 °F outdoor dry-bulb temperature for air-cooled equipment.

(c) Each non-standard size packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC) and packaged terminal heat pump (PTHP) manufactured on or after October 7, 2010 must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in tables 7 to this paragraph (c). Each standard size PTAC manufactured on or after October 8, 2012, and before January 1, 2017 must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in Table 7 of this section. Each standard size PTHP manufactured on or after October 8, 2012 must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in Table 7 of this section. Each standard size PTAC manufactured on or after January 1, 2017 must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in table 8 to this paragraph (c).

Table 7 to § 431.97(c)—Minimum Efficiency Standards for PTAC and PTHP

Equipment typeCategoryCooling capacityEfficiency levelCompliance date: products
manufactured on
and after . . .
PTACStandard Size<7,000 Btu/hEER = 11.7October 8, 2012.2
?7,000 Btu/h and ?15,000 Btu/hEER = 13.8?(0.3 × Cap 1)October 8, 2012.2
>15,000 Btu/hEER = 9.3October 8, 2012.2
Non-Standard Size<7,000 Btu/hEER = 9.4October 7, 2010.
?7,000 Btu/h and ?15,000 Btu/hEER = 10.9?(0.213 × Cap 1)October 7, 2010.
>15,000 Btu/hEER = 7.7October 7, 2010.
PTHPStandard Size<7,000 Btu/hEER = 11.9
COP = 3.3		October 8, 2012.
?7,000 Btu/h and ?15,000 Btu/hEER = 14.0?(0.3 × Cap 1)
COP = 3.7?(0.052 × Cap 1)		October 8, 2012.
>15,000 Btu/hEER = 9.5
COP = 2.9		October 8, 2012.
Non-Standard Size<7,000 Btu/hEER = 9.3
COP = 2.7		October 7, 2010.
?7,000 Btu/h and ?15,000 Btu/hEER = 10.8?(0.213 × Cap 1)
COP = 2.9?(0.026 × Cap 1)		October 7, 2010.
>15,000 Btu/hEER = 7.6
COP = 2.5		October 7, 2010.

1 “Cap” means cooling capacity in thousand Btu/h at 95 °F outdoor dry-bulb temperature.

2 And manufactured before January 1, 2017. See Table 8 of this section for updated efficiency standards that apply to this category of equipment manufactured on and after January 1, 2017.

Table 8 to § 431.97(c)—Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for PTAC

Equipment typeCategoryCooling capacityEfficiency levelCompliance date: products
manufactured on
and after . . .
PTACStandard Size<7,000 Btu/hEER = 11.9January 1, 2017.
?7,000 Btu/h and ?15,000 Btu/hEER = 14.0?(0.3 × Cap 1)January 1, 2017.
>15,000 Btu/hEER = 9.5January 1, 2017.

1 “Cap” means cooling capacity in thousand Btu/h at 95 °F outdoor dry-bulb temperature.

(d)(1) Each single package vertical air conditioner and single package vertical heat pump manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, but before October 9, 2015 (for models ?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h) or October 9, 2016 (for models ?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h), must meet the applicable minimum energy conservation standard level(s) set forth in this section.

Table 9 to § 431.97(d)(1)—Minimum Efficiency Standards for Single Package Vertical Air Conditioners and Single Package Vertical Heat Pumps

Equipment typeCooling capacitySub-categoryEfficiency levelCompliance date: products manufactured on and
after . . .
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, single-phase and three-phase<65,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 9.0
EER = 9.0
COP = 3.0		January 1, 2010
January 1, 2010
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 8.9
EER = 8.9
COP = 3.0		January 1, 2010
January 1, 2010
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 8.6
EER = 8.6
COP = 2.9		January 1, 2010
January 1, 2010

(2) Each single package vertical air conditioner and single package vertical heat pump manufactured on and after October 9, 2015 (for models ?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h) or October 9, 2016 (for models ?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h), but before September 23, 2019 must meet the applicable minimum energy conservation standard level(s) set forth in this section.

Table 10 to § 431.97(d)(2)—Minimum Efficiency Standards for Single Package Vertical Air Conditioners and Single Package Vertical Heat Pumps

Equipment typeCooling capacitySub-categoryEfficiency levelCompliance date: Products manufactured on and
after . . .
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, single-phase and three-phase<65,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 9.0
EER = 9.0
COP = 3.0		January 1, 2010
January 1, 2010
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 10.0
EER = 10.0
COP = 3.0		October 9, 2015
October 9, 2015
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 10.0
EER = 10.0
COP = 3.0		October 9, 2016
October 9, 2016

(3) Each single package vertical air conditioner and single package vertical heat pump manufactured on and after September 23, 2019 must meet the applicable minimum energy conservation standard level(s) set forth in this section.

Table 11 to § 431.97(d)(3)—Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for Single Package Vertical Air Conditioners and Single Package Vertical Heat Pumps

Equipment typeCooling capacitySub-categoryEfficiency levelCompliance date: products manufactured on and
after . . .
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, single-phase and three-phase<65,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 11.0
EER = 11.0
COP = 3.3		September 23, 2019.
September 23, 2019.
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 10.0
EER = 10.0
COP = 3.0		October 9, 2015.
October 9, 2015.
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hAC
HP		EER = 10.0
EER = 10.0
COP = 3.0		October 9, 2016.
October 9, 2016.

(e)(1) Each computer room air conditioner with a net sensible cooling capacity less than 65,000 Btu/h manufactured on or after October 29, 2012, and before May 28, 2024 and each computer room air conditioner with a net sensible cooling capacity greater than or equal to 65,000 Btu/h and less than 760,000 Btu/h manufactured on or after October 29, 2013, and before May 28, 2024 must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in table 12 to this paragraph (e)(1).

Table 12 to § 431.97(e)(1)—Minimum Efficiency Standards for Computer Room Air Conditioners

Equipment typeNet sensible cooling capacityMinimum SCOP efficiency
DownflowUpflow
Air-Cooled<65,000 Btu/h2.202.09
?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h2.101.99
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.901.79
Water-Cooled<65,000 Btu/h2.602.49
?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h2.502.39
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h2.402.29
Water-Cooled with Fluid Economizer<65,000 Btu/h2.552.44
?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h2.452.34
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h2.352.24
Glycol-Cooled<65,000 Btu/h2.502.39
?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h2.152.04
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h2.101.99
Glycol-Cooled with Fluid Economizer<65,000 Btu/h2.452.34
?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h2.101.99
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h2.051.94

(2) Each computer room air conditioner manufactured on or after May 28, 2024 must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in tables 13 and 14 to this paragraph (e)(2).

Table 13 to § 431.97(e)(2)—Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for Floor-Mounted Computer Room Air Conditioners

Equipment typeDownflow and upflow ductedUpflow non-ducted and horizontal flow
Net sensible cooling capacityMinimum NSenCOP efficiencyNet sensible cooling capacityMinimum NSenCOP efficiency
DownflowUpflow ductedUpflow non-ductedHorizontal flow
Air-Cooled<80,000 Btu/h2.702.67<65,000 Btu/h2.162.65
?80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h2.582.55?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h2.042.55
?295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h2.362.33?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.892.47
Air-Cooled with Fluid Economizer<80,000 Btu/h2.702.67<65,000 Btu/h2.092.65
?80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h2.582.55?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h1.992.55
?295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h2.362.33?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.812.47
Water-Cooled<80,000 Btu/h2.822.79<65,000 Btu/h2.432.79
?80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h2.732.70?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h2.322.68
?295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h2.672.64?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h2.202.60
Water-Cooled with Fluid Economizer<80,000 Btu/h2.772.74<65,000 Btu/h2.352.71
?80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h2.682.65?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h2.242.60
?295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h2.612.58?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h2.122.54
Glycol-Cooled<80,000 Btu/h2.562.53<65,000 Btu/h2.082.48
?80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h2.242.21?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h1.902.18
?295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h2.212.18?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.812.18
Glycol-Cooled with Fluid Economizer<80,000 Btu/h2.512.48<65,000 Btu/h2.002.44
?80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h2.192.16?65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h1.822.10
?295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h2.152.12?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.732.10

Table 14 to § 431.97(e)(2)—Minimum Efficiency Standards for Ceiling-Mounted Computer Room Air Conditioners

Equipment typeNet sensible cooling capacityMinimum NSenCOP efficiency
DuctedNon-ducted
Air-Cooled with Free Air Discharge Condenser<29,000 Btu/h2.052.08
?29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h2.022.05
?65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.921.94
Air-Cooled with Free Air Discharge Condenser and Fluid Economizer<29,000 Btu/h2.012.04
?29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h1.972
?65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.871.89
Air-Cooled with Ducted Condenser<29,000 Btu/h1.861.89
?29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h1.831.86
?65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.731.75
Air-Cooled with Fluid Economizer and Ducted Condenser<29,000 Btu/h1.821.85
?29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h1.781.81
?65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.681.7
Water-Cooled<29,000 Btu/h2.382.41
?29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h2.282.31
?65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h2.182.2
Water-Cooled with Fluid Economizer<29,000 Btu/h2.332.36
?29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h2.232.26
?65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h2.132.16
Glycol-Cooled<29,000 Btu/h1.972
?29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h1.931.98
?65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.781.81
Glycol-Cooled with Fluid Economizer<29,000 Btu/h1.921.95
?29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h1.881.93
?65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h1.731.76

(f)(1) Each variable refrigerant flow air conditioner or heat pump manufactured on or after the compliance date listed in table 13 of this section and prior to January 1, 2024, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in table 15 to this paragraph (f)(1).

Table 15 to § 431.97(f)(1)—Minimum Efficiency Standards for Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps

Equipment typeCooling capacityHeating type 1Efficiency levelCompliance date: equipment
manufactured
on and after . . .
VRF Multi-Split Air Conditioners (Air-Cooled)?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hNo Heating or Electric Resistance Heating11.2 EERJanuary 1, 2010.
All Other Types of Heating11.0 EERJanuary 1, 2010.
?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hNo Heating or Electric Resistance Heating11.0 EERJanuary 1, 2010.
All Other Types of Heating10.8 EERJanuary 1, 2010.
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hNo Heating or Electric Resistance Heating10.0 EERJanuary 1, 2010.
All Other Types of Heating9.8 EERJanuary 1, 2010.
VRF Multi-Split Heat Pumps (Air-Cooled)?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hNo Heating or Electric Resistance Heating11.0 EER, 3.3 COPJanuary 1, 2010.
All Other Types of Heating10.8 EER, 3.3 COPJanuary 1, 2010.
?135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/hNo Heating or Electric Resistance Heating10.6 EER, 3.2 COPJanuary 1, 2010.
All Other Types of Heating10.4 EER, 3.2 COPJanuary 1, 2010.
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hNo Heating or Electric Resistance Heating9.5 EER, 3.2 COPJanuary 1, 2010.
All Other Types of Heating9.3 EER, 3.2 COPJanuary 1, 2010.
VRF Multi-Split Heat Pumps (Water-Source)<17,000 Btu/hWithout Heat Recovery12.0 EER
4.2 COP		October 29, 2012.
October 29, 2003.
With Heat Recovery11.8 EER
4.2 COP		October 29, 2012.
October 29, 2003.
?17,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/hAll12.0 EER, 4.2 COPOctober 29, 2003.
?65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/hAll12.0 EER, 4.2 COPOctober 29, 2003.
?135,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hWithout Heat Recovery10.0 EER, 3.9 COPOctober 29, 2013.
With Heat Recovery9.8 EER, 3.9 COPOctober 29, 2013.

1 VRF multi-split heat pumps (air-cooled) with heat recovery fall under the category of “All Other Types of Heating” unless they also have electric resistance heating, in which case it falls under the category for “No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating.”

(2) Each variable refrigerant flow air conditioner or heat pump (except air-cooled systems with cooling capacity less than 65,000 Btu/h) manufactured on or after January 1, 2024, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in table 16 to this paragraph (f)(2.)

Table 16 to § 497.31(f)(2)—Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps

Equipment typeSize categoryHeating typeMinimum efficiency
VRF Multi-Split Air Conditioners (Air-Cooled)?65,000 and <135,000 Btu/hAll15.5 IEER.
?135,000 and <240,000 Btu/hAll14.9 IEER.
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hAll13.9 IEER.
VRF Multi-Split Heat Pumps (Air-Cooled)?65,000 and <135,000 Btu/hHeat Pump without Heat Recovery14.6 IEER, 3.3 COP.
Heat Pump with Heat Recovery14.4 IEER, 3.3 COP.
?135,000 and <240,000 Btu/hHeat Pump without Heat Recovery
Heat Pump with Heat Recovery		13.9 IEER, 3.2 COP.
13.7 IEER, 3.2 COP.
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hHeat Pump without Heat Recovery
Heat Pump with Heat Recovery		12.7 IEER, 3.2 COP.
12.5 IEER, 3.2 COP.
VRF Multi-Split Heat Pumps (Water-Source)<65,000 Btu/hHeat Pump without Heat Recovery
Heat Pump with Heat Recovery		16.0 IEER, 4.3 COP.
15.8 IEER, 4.3 COP.
?65,000 and <135,000 Btu/hHeat Pump without Heat Recovery
Heat Pump with Heat Recovery		16.0 IEER, 4.3 COP.
15.8 IEER, 4.3 COP.
?135,000 and <240,000 Btu/hHeat Pump without Heat Recovery
Heat Pump with Heat Recovery		14.0 IEER, 4.0 COP.
13.8 IEER, 4.0 COP.
?240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/hHeat Pump without Heat Recovery
Heat Pump with Heat Recovery		12.0 IEER, 3.9 COP.
11.8 IEER, 3.9 COP.

(g) Each direct expansion-dedicated outdoor air system manufactured on or after the compliance date listed in table 17 to this paragraph (g) must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in this section.

Table 17 to § 497.31(g)—Minimum Efficiency Standards for Direct Expansion-Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems

SubcategoryEfficiency levelCompliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Direct expansion-dedicated outdoor air systems(AC)—Air-cooled without ventilation energy recovery systemsISMRE2 = 3.8May 1, 2024.
(AC w/VERS)—Air-cooled with ventilation energy recovery systemsISMRE2 = 5.0May 1, 2024.
(ASHP)—Air-source heat pumps without ventilation energy recovery systemsISMRE2 = 3.8
ISCOP2 = 2.05		May 1, 2024.
(ASHP w/VERS)—Air-source heat pumps with ventilation energy recovery systemsISMRE2 = 5.0
ISCOP2 = 3.20		May 1, 2024.
(WC)—Water-cooled without ventilation energy recovery systemsISMRE2 = 4.7May 1, 2024.
(WC w/VERS)—Water-cooled with ventilation energy recovery systemsISMRE2 = 5.1May 1, 2024.
(WSHP)—Water-source heat pumps without ventilation energy recovery systemsISMRE2 = 3.8
ISCOP2 = 2.13		May 1, 2024.
(WSHP w/VERS)—Water-source heat pumps with ventilation energy recovery systemsISMRE2 = 4.6
ISCOP2 = 4.04		May 1, 2024.

(h) Each air-cooled, three-phase, small commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment with a cooling capacity of less than 65,000 Btu/h and air-cooled, three-phase variable refrigerant flow multi-split air conditioning and heating equipment with a cooling capacity of less than 65,000 Btu/h manufactured on or after the compliance date listed in the corresponding table must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in tables 18 and 19 to this paragraph (h).

Table 18 to § 431.97(h)—Minimum Efficiency Standards for Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h and Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Small Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h

Equipment typeSize category
(cooling)		SubcategoryMinimum efficiencyCompliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Air Conditioners<65,000 Btu/hSplit-System13.0 SEERJune 16, 2008.1
Single-Package14.0 SEERJanuary 1, 2017.1
Heat Pumps<65,000 Btu/hSplit-System14.0 SEER, 8.2 HSPFJanuary 1, 2017.1
Single-Package14.0 SEER, 8.2 HSPFJanuary 1, 2017.1
VRF Air Conditioners<65,000 Btu/h13.0 SEERJune 16, 2008.1
VRF Heat Pumps<65,000 Btu/h13.0 SEER, 7.7 HSPFJune 16, 2008.1

1 And manufactured before January 1, 2025. For equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, see Table 17 to paragraph (h) of this section for updated efficiency standards.

Table 19 to § 431.97(h)—Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h and Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Small Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h

Equipment typeSize category
(cooling)		SubcategoryMinimum efficiencyCompliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Air Conditioners<65,000 Btu/hSplit-System13.4 SEER2January 1, 2025.
Single-Package13.4 SEER2January 1, 2025.
Heat Pumps<65,000 Btu/hSplit-System14.3 SEER2, 7.5 HSPF2January 1, 2025.
Single-Package13.4 SEER2, 6.7 HSPF2January 1, 2025.
Space-Constrained Air Conditioners?30,000 Btu/hSplit-System12.7 SEER2January 1, 2025.
Single-Package13.9 SEER2January 1, 2025.
Space-Constrained Heat Pumps?30,000 Btu/hSplit-System13.9 SEER2, 7.0 HSPF2January 1, 2025.
Single-Package13.9 SEER2, 6.7 HSPF2January 1, 2025.
Small-Duct, High-Velocity Air Conditioners<65,000 Btu/hSplit-System13.0 SEER2January 1, 2025.
Small-Duct, High-Velocity Heat Pumps<65,000 Btu/hSplit-System14.0 SEER2, 6.9 HSPF2January 1, 2025.
VRF Air Conditioners<65,000 Btu/h13.4 SEER2January 1, 2025.
VRF Heat Pumps<65,000 Btu/h13.4 SEER2, 7.5 HSPF2January 1, 2025.
[77 FR 28991, May 16, 2012, as amended at 77 FR 76830, Dec. 31, 2012; 80 FR 42664, July 17, 2015; 80 FR 43212, July 21, 2015; 80 FR 56895, Sept. 21, 2015; 80 FR 57500, Sept. 23, 2015; 81 FR 2529, Jan. 15, 2016; 81 FR 53907, Aug. 15, 2016; 87 FR 65668, Nov. 1, 2022; 88 FR 18992, Mar. 30, 2023; 88 FR 36386, 36425, June. 2, 2023]
  Previous section
Next section  
 Energy Efficiency Standards Contents