39 CFR 962.21 – Appeal of initial decision to judicial officer
(a) Notice of appeal and supporting brief. (1) A Respondent may appeal an adverse initial decision by filing, within 30 days after the Presiding Officer issues an initial decision, a Notice of Appeal with the Recorder. The Judicial Officer may extend the filing period if the Respondent files a request for an extension within the initial 30-day period and demonstrates good cause for such extension.
Terms Used In 39 CFR 962.21
- Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
- Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
- Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
- Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
(2) The Respondent’s Notice of Appeal must be accompanied by a written brief specifying the Respondent’s exceptions, and any reasons for such exceptions, to the Presiding Officer’s initial decision.
(3) Within 30 days of receiving the Respondent’s brief, the Reviewing Official may file with the Judicial Officer a response to the Respondent’s specified exceptions to the Presiding Officer’s initial decision.
(b) Form of review. (1) Review by the Judicial Officer will be based entirely on the record and written submissions.
(2) The Judicial Officer may affirm, reduce, reverse, or remand any penalty or assessment determined by the Presiding Officer.
(3) The Judicial Officer shall not consider any objection that was not raised in the hearing unless the interested party demonstrates that the failure to raise the objection before the Presiding Officer was caused by extraordinary circumstances.
(4) If any party demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Judicial Officer that additional evidence not presented at the hearing is material and that there were reasonable grounds for the failure to present such evidence, the Judicial Officer shall remand the matter to the Presiding Officer for consideration of such additional evidence.
(c) Decision of judicial officer. (1) The Judicial Officer shall promptly serve each party to the appeal with a copy of his decision and a statement describing the right to judicial review under 31 U.S.C. § 3805 of any Respondent determined to be liable under 31 U.S.C. § 3802.
(2) The decision of the Judicial Officer constitutes final agency action and becomes final and binding on the parties 60 days after it is issued unless a petition for judicial review is filed.