If a provision of this chapter, or the application of a provision of this chapter to any person or circumstance, is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, that judgment—

(1) shall not affect, impair, or invalidate—

(A) any other provision of this chapter; or

(B) the application of this chapter to any other person or circumstance; and

(2) shall be confined in its operation to—

(A) the provision of this chapter with respect to which the judgment is rendered; or

(B) the application of the provision of this chapter to each person or circumstance directly involved in the controversy in which the judgment is rendered.