In this chapter:

(1) Agency.—The term “agency” has the meaning given the term in section 552(f) of title 5.

(2) Core data elements.—The term “core data elements” means data elements relating to financial management, administration, or management that—

(A) are not program-specific in nature or program-specific outcome measures, as defined in section 1115(h) of this title; and

(B) are required by agencies for all or the vast majority of recipients of Federal awards for purposes of reporting.

(3) Director.—The term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.

(4) Executive department.—The term “Executive department” has the meaning given the term in section 101 of title 5.

(5) Federal award.—The term “Federal award”—

(A) means the transfer of anything of value for a public purpose of support or stimulation authorized by a law of the United States, including financial assistance and Government facilities, services, and property;

(B) includes a grant, a subgrant, a cooperative agreement, or any other transaction; and

(C) does not include a transaction or agreement—

(i) that provides for conventional public information services or procurement of property or services for the direct benefit or use of the Government; or

(ii) that provides only—

(I) direct Government cash assistance to an individual;

(II) a subsidy;

(III) a loan;

(IV) a loan guarantee; or

(V) insurance.

(6) Secretary.—The term “Secretary” means the head of the standard-setting agency.

(7) Standard-setting agency.—The term “standard-setting agency” means the Executive department designated under section 6402(a)(1).

(8) State.—The term “State” means each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States, and each federally recognized Indian Tribe.