(a) Filing.—Any interested person may file a petition with the Secretary of Transportation requesting the Secretary to begin a proceeding—

(1) to prescribe a motor vehicle safety standard under this chapter; or

(2) to decide whether to issue an order under section 30118(b) of this title.

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(b) Statement of Facts.—A petition under this section must state facts that the person claims establish that a motor vehicle safety standard or order referred to in subsection (a) of this section is necessary and briefly describe the order the Secretary should issue.

(c) Proceedings.—The Secretary may hold a public hearing or conduct an investigation or proceeding to decide whether to grant a petition under this section.

(d) Actions of Secretary.—

(1) In general.—The Secretary shall determine whether to approve or deny a petition under this section by not later than 120 days after the petition is filed.

(2) Approval.—If a petition under this section is approved, the Secretary shall begin the proceeding promptly.

(3) Denial.—If a petition under this section is denied, the Secretary shall publish the reasons for the denial in the Federal Register.