(a) Neither the association nor any unit owner shall be liable for the individual acts or omissions of any other unit owner.
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Terms Used In Alabama Code 35-8-12

  • Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
  • Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
  • person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
  • Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
  • property: includes both real and personal property. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
  • Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
  • Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
  • Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
(b) All actions seeking liability of unit owners arising by virtue of their condominium ownership and who are not liable by reason of any act or omission on their own part shall be directed against the association and defended by the association. Where plaintiff‘s demand exceeds unit owner insurance established by the association, such unit owner must be given notice by the association and shall have the right at his own expense to individual representation by counsel.
(c) A unit owner, not liable by reason of any act or omission on his own part, shall have no liability for any settlement, judgment, or cost of defense incurred by the association with relation to limited common elements in which he has no interest.
(d) A unit owner shall be liable for no more than a pro rata share of any settlement, judgment, or cost of defense incurred by the association. Where liability arises with relation to common elements or limited common elements in which a unit owner has an interest, such pro rata share shall be based on such interest. Where liability arises with relation to private elements, such pro rata share shall be based on the relation that the value of such unit owners private element bears the value of all private elements. In no event may such pro rata share exceed the value of such unit owner’s interest in the condominium. Unpaid portions of a judgment which has been so prorated shall not be reassessed among remaining unit owners should those held liable fail to pay.
(e) A unit owner shall be liable for acts or omissions on his own part in the same manner and to the same extent as any other owner of property.
(f) No unit owner, except as an officer of the association, shall have any authority to act for or obligate the association.
(g) Failure of a unit owner to comply with the covenants and restrictions set forth in the declaration or in deeds of units or to comply with the bylaws shall be grounds for an action for the recovery of damages or for injunctive relief, or both, maintainable by the association or by any other unit owner or by any person who holds a lien of record upon a unit and is aggrieved by any such noncompliance.
(h) Whether incorporated or unincorporated, the association shall act through its officers and may enter into contracts, bring suit and be sued. If the association is unincorporated, process may be served upon the association by serving any officer of the association or by serving the agent designated in the bylaws for service of process. Service of process upon any member of the association shall not constitute service of process upon the association.
(i) A unit owner shall have the capacity to sue the association and other unit owners who may be liable by reason of any act or omission on their own part, in tort as if he were a member of the public, and such action shall not be barred on the ground that the plaintiff is a co-owner. Such action shall be at the expense of such plaintiff unit owner, and he shall nevertheless be required to pay any pro rata cost of defense, settlement, or judgment of such action which may be assessed against unit owners by the association.
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