Alabama Code 40-22-2. Mortgages, deeds of trust, etc., generally

No mortgage, deed of trust, contract of conditional sale, or other instrument of like character which is given to secure the payment of any debt which conveys any real or personal property situated within this state or any interest therein or any security agreement or financing statement provided for by the Uniform Commercial Code, except a security agreement or a financing statement relating solely to security interests in accounts, contract rights, or general intangibles, as such terms are defined in the Uniform Commercial Code, and except for the re-recordation of corrected mortgages, deeds, or instruments executed for the purpose of perfecting the title to real or personal property, specifically, but not limited to, corrections of maturity dates thereof, shall be received for record or for filing in the office of any probate judge of this state unless the following privilege or license taxes shall have been paid upon such instrument before the same shall be received for record or for filing:

(1)

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Terms Used In Alabama Code 40-22-2

Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
following: means next after. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
license tax: as used in this title , shall be deemed to include any tax prescribed by a license tax schedule, but shall not exclude any license tax otherwise prescribed. See Alabama Code 40-12-344
month: means a calendar month. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Personal property: All property that is not real property.
personal property: includes money, goods, chattels, things in action and evidence of debt, deeds and conveyances. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
preceding: means next before. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Probate: Proving a will
property: includes both real and personal property. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of Columbia and the several territories of the United States. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
United States: includes the territories thereof and the District of Columbia. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
year: means a calendar year; but, whenever the word "year" is used in reference to any appropriations for the payment of money out of the treasury, it shall mean fiscal year. See Alabama Code 1-1-1

a. Upon all such instruments which are executed to secure or to evidence the securing of an initial indebtedness which shall not exceed $100, there shall be paid the sum of $.15, and upon all instruments which shall be executed to secure or to evidence the securing of an initial indebtedness of more than $100, there shall be paid the sum of $.15 for each $100 of such initial indebtedness or fraction thereof.

b. Upon all such instruments which are executed to secure or to evidence the securing of an open end or revolving indebtedness with any interest in property, at the option of the person offering the instrument for record or for filing, (i) there shall be paid the sum of $.15 for each $100 of such initial indebtedness or fraction thereof and the procedures set forth in paragraphs a, b, and c of subdivision (2) of this section shall be applicable; or, in lieu thereof, (ii) there shall be paid the sum of $.15 for each $100 of maximum principal indebtedness, or fraction thereof, to be secured by such instrument at any one time as stated in the instrument or any amendment thereto. In any event, the privilege or license tax to be paid upon such instruments securing or evidencing the securing of open end or revolving indebtedness with any interest in property shall not exceed the amount of $.15 for each $100 of maximum principal indebtedness, or fraction thereof, to be secured by such instrument at any one time as stated in the instrument or any amendment thereto, irrespective of the cumulative amount advanced from time to time thereunder.

(2)

a. If subdivision (1)b.(i) applies and any part of the indebtedness which the mortgagor or debtor in any instrument conveying any real property situated within this state, or any interest therein, other than fixtures under the Uniform Commercial Code, is authorized to incur under the terms of the instrument has not been or will not be presently incurred at the time such instrument is offered for record, the tax shall be paid on the amount of indebtedness presently incurred, and the Department of Revenue, upon the petition of the owner of any such instrument or upon the petition of the agent or attorney of such owner, shall ascertain to its own satisfaction the amount then taxable and the amount to be incurred thereafter and determine the amount upon which the tax shall be paid at the time such instrument is offered and shall endorse its findings on such instrument. Upon the presentation of such instrument with such endorsement thereon, the probate judge of any county in which the instrument is offered, upon the payment of the tax upon the amount so ascertained by the Department of Revenue and the recording fees of the probate judge, shall accept the same for record. The Department of Revenue shall also require the owner of such instrument to execute a bond in an amount sufficient to secure to the state the privilege tax to become due and payable under this section upon the amount of the indebtedness to be incurred thereafter, such bond to be approved by the Department of Revenue and payable to the State of Alabama and conditioned that the owner of such instrument will promptly report to said Department of Revenue and to the probate judge of the county where said instrument is first filed for record, whenever such owner or his successor in interest incurs any additional indebtedness thereunder, and the amount so incurred; and that the said owner of such instrument will pay or cause to be paid to the probate judge of the county in which said instrument is first filed the privilege or license tax required under this section upon the accrual of any additional indebtedness, and the said owner of such instrument will report to the said probate judge and the Department of Revenue during the month of September of each year the amount of all indebtedness and all bonds, debentures, notes or other forms of indebtedness incurred or certified and delivered under said instrument to such date, and the amount so certified and delivered during the preceding 12 months, and the aggregate of all such evidence of indebtedness certified and delivered under such instrument prior to such year. The bond executed to secure payment of the tax herein required shall cover a term of five years; and, after the expiration of said term of five years, the owner of the instrument offered for record shall execute such further bond as may be required by the Department of Revenue covering the succeeding term of five years, and thereafter every term of five years, in the same manner so long as any of the indebtedness authorized to be incurred by such instrument has not been incurred with like condition and in such sum as the said department may prescribe.

b. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph a. of this subdivision, any bank, savings and loan association, insurance company, or other financial institution organized and established under the laws of the State of Alabama or the United States which is the owner of such instrument, in lieu of the foregoing procedures, may certify the amount of indebtedness presently incurred, and the probate judge of any county in which the instrument is offered, upon payment of the tax upon the amount so certified and the recording fees of the probate judge, shall accept the instrument for record. During the month of September of each year, any such bank, savings and loan association, insurance company, or other financial institution which has recorded such instruments as described hereinabove shall report to the appropriate probate judge the amount of additional indebtedness incurred under the instrument and pay any tax required upon the additional indebtedness.

c. Each probate judge will forward to the State Banking Department by the end of October a statement showing the amounts certified to him or her by each forenamed organization. The State Banking Department will then have the authority to make unannounced audits on any organization electing to use this system of reporting indebtedness. Any organization which is found to have willfully certified less than the true amount it should have certified shall be required to pay a fine equal to three times the amount of tax due on the amount of indebtedness not certified to the probate judge. This fine shall be paid into the General Fund of Alabama. In addition, any organization so fined must pay an auditing fee in accordance with established Banking Department audit fees into the funds of the State Banking Department.

(3) When any deed is filed for record which recites that part of the purchase money is unpaid, such deed to the extent of such unpaid balance shall be held and treated as a mortgage, and the mortgage tax shall be collected by the probate judge in addition to the tax for recording the instrument as a deed before recording the same, unless the balance of purchase money shall be secured by mortgage or deed of trust which has already been filed for record, and the tax thereon paid, and the fact of such prior payment shall be endorsed on the deed. When any such deed is recorded and the tax thereon is paid, and thereafter a mortgage securing the debt is filed for record, the same shall be admitted to record without the payment of the mortgage tax and the fact of such prior payment shall be endorsed on the deed.

(4) The privilege taxes herein imposed shall not be required on or for the filing of any such instrument, providing additional or substitute security for any indebtedness secured by, or the securing of which is evidenced by, an instrument previously filed, upon the filing of which the taxes provided by law have been paid or which was filed at a time when no such privilege taxes were required by law; provided, that the secured indebtedness remains unchanged in amount and in time of maturity.

(5) Upon the filing for record of such instrument and upon the payment of the tax thereon, the probate judge or his or her clerk shall certify on the instrument the fact that the said tax has been paid, and when so certified by the probate judge or his or her clerk, such instrument shall be admitted to record in any county wherein any of the property mentioned in the instrument is situated without the payment of any further tax thereon, except the fee to the probate judge for recording such instrument, and such certificate of the probate judge shall be recorded by such probate judge when such instrument is recorded. Upon the filing for record of any instrument which has been exempted by law from the payment of the tax provided for in this section, the probate judge shall certify thereon that no tax has been paid and shall stamp in bold letters on the face of said instrument “No Tax Collected,” and the certificate shall be recorded with and as a part of such instrument, and thereafter such instrument shall be received for record in any county in this state without the payment of any further tax thereon, when submitted by a tax-exempt institution, but if submitted by or transferred to an institution or person not exempt from the payment of the tax levied under this section, the probate judge shall collect the tax levied by this section upon the then unpaid balance of the secured debt together with the fee of the probate judge for recording such instrument before it will be admitted to record. The tax herein provided for shall be paid upon all contracts for the sale of real or personal property, whether the same are in the nature of a conditional sale or a bond for title, and no such contract shall be received for record until such tax shall have been paid.

(6) When the time for the payment of the indebtedness secured by, or the securing of which is evidenced by, any such instrument is extended or renewed, and the extension or renewal contract is offered for filing or for record, the tax required in this section shall be paid on the amount of indebtedness so extended or renewed; and the same shall be governed in all respects by the provisions of this article. No state, county, or municipal ad valorem tax shall be payable on any such instrument upon which the tax prescribed by this section shall have been paid, on the debt secured or evidenced thereby or on the security agreement evidenced thereby.

(7) Of the taxes collected by the probate judge under this section there shall be paid to the county treasurer of the county in which such taxes are collected one-third of the amount collected, to be accounted for by the judge of probate, and the remaining two-thirds of the amount collected to the State Treasury. The probate judge shall receive five percent of the amount collected as compensation for services in collecting the money and certifying the instrument, the five percent to be retained by the judge of probate out of the money collected under this section; but when the property described in the instrument is situated within different counties within this state, then the probate judge who collects the taxes shall pay over to the county treasurer of each of the different counties in which the property is situated an amount of the taxes that would be in proportion to the value of the property therein as compared to the whole property within this state described in the instrument.

(8) If any part of the property embraced or described in any instrument which is required under this section to pay a record privilege tax is located without this state, the indebtedness upon which the tax shall be paid for the privilege of recording such instrument shall be that proportion of the indebtedness secured by the instrument which the value of the property located in this state bears to the whole property described in the instrument. The Department of Revenue may ascertain the value of the whole property and of that part of it which is located within this state for the purpose of ascertaining the amount of the indebtedness upon which the tax shall be paid, and the value of that part of the property located within this state and the amount of the indebtedness upon which such tax shall be paid shall be ascertained in the following manner: First, the owner of any such instrument or his or her agent or attorney may petition the Department of Revenue to ascertain the value of the whole property and of that part of which is located within this state and the amount of the indebtedness upon which such tax shall be paid, and the Department of Revenue, after hearing such evidence as may be offered or as may be before it, shall fix and determine the value of that part of the property located within this state and the amount of the indebtedness upon which the tax shall be paid and shall endorse its findings on such instrument, and upon the presentation of the instrument, with such endorsements to the probate judge of the county in which any part of the property is located, such instrument shall be accepted for record upon the payment of the tax upon the amount of such indebtedness as so ascertained by the Department of Revenue and of the recording fees of the probate judge; or, second, the owner of any such instrument or his or her agent or attorney may have such instrument recorded by paying to the probate judge of the county in which the instrument is offered for record the privilege tax on the entire amount of the indebtedness secured by such instrument, and may thereupon present a petition to the Department of Revenue within 30 days after such instrument is recorded, and it shall be the duty of the Department of Revenue to ascertain the value of the whole property and of that part of it located within this state, and to fix and determine the amount of the indebtedness upon which the tax shall be paid, and the department shall thereupon ascertain such valuation and fix and determine such indebtedness and shall order the probate judge to refund the excess of privilege tax collected, and the probate judge shall comply with such order; and the tax paid upon the entire amount of such indebtedness shall be held by the probate judge until the Department of Revenue determines the amount of the indebtedness upon which such tax shall be paid.

(9) Any probate judge who shall file for record or shall receive any such instrument for record or for filing, without collecting the recording or registration tax provided for the filing, recording, or registration of such instrument, or who shall fail to certify the fact that such tax has been paid before filing such instrument shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be fined not less than $10 nor more than $1,000.

(10) Every petition filed with the Department of Revenue to ascertain the amount of the mortgage tax due to be paid under this section shall, when the property conveyed in the instrument offered for record is located in more than one county of the state, show the value of the property conveyed in each county in which the instrument is to be recorded.

(11) Any probate judge who fails to keep the abstract of mortgages or other instruments intended to secure the payment of moneys which are filed in his or her office for filing or for record, as he or she is required by law to keep, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be fined not less than $10 nor more than $500.

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