A. During a state of emergency or state of war emergency as declared pursuant to section 36-787, the department or local health authority must initiate an investigation if that agency has reasonable cause to believe that a highly contagious and fatal disease exists within its jurisdiction. Subject to the provisions of this article, persons who have contracted the disease or who have been exposed to the disease may be subject to isolation and quarantine if the director determines that quarantine is the least restrictive means by which the public can be protected from transmission of the disease, due to the nature of the disease and available preventive measures, or refusal by an individual to accept less restrictive measures to prevent disease transmission. Diseases for which isolation and quarantine may be ordered do not include acquired immune deficiency syndrome or other infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus.

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B. The department or local health authority may, during the state of emergency or state of war emergency declared by the governor, do the following:

1. Establish and maintain places of isolation and quarantine, which may include the residence of the person quarantined.

2. Require isolation or quarantine of any person by the least restrictive means necessary to protect the public health. The department or local health authority shall use all reasonable means to prevent the transmission of disease among the isolated or quarantined persons.

C. The department, a county health department or a public health services district shall ensure, to the extent possible, that the premises in which a person is isolated or quarantined is maintained in a safe and hygienic manner and is designed to minimize the likelihood of further transmission of disease or other harm to a person subject to isolation or quarantine. Adequate food, clothing, medication and other necessities, competent medical care and means of communicating with those in and outside these settings shall be made available.

D. A person subject to isolation or quarantine shall comply with the department’s or local health authority’s rules and orders, shall not go beyond the isolation or quarantine premises and shall not come in contact with any person not subject to isolation or quarantine other than a physician or other health care provider, department or local health authority or person authorized to enter an isolation or quarantine premises by the department or local health authority.

E. Other than a person authorized by the department or local health authority, a person shall not enter an isolation or quarantine premises. If, by reason of an unauthorized entry into an isolation or quarantine premises, the person poses a danger to public health, the department, or local health authority may place the person in isolation or quarantine pursuant to this section or section 36-789.

F. The department, or local health authority must terminate isolation or quarantine of a person if it determines that the isolation or quarantine is no longer necessary to protect the public health.