Terms Used In Arizona Laws > Title 10 > Chapter 35.1 > Article 1 - General Provisions

• Action: includes any matter or proceeding in a court, civil or criminal. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Articles of incorporation: means the original or restated articles of incorporation or articles of merger and all amendments to the articles of incorporation or merger and includes amended and restated articles of incorporation and articles of amendment and merger. See Arizona Laws 10-140
• Assertion of patent infringement: means any of the following:

  (a) Sending or delivering a demand to a target. See Arizona Laws 44-1421

• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Assets: means all real, personal, tangible and intangible property and rights in property, including cash, buildings, equipment, investments and contracts with other entities. See Arizona Laws 10-11251
• Board of directors: means the group of persons vested with the management of the affairs of the corporation irrespective of the name by which the group is designated and includes the governing body or bodies of a water users' association if the articles of incorporation of the water users' association provide for a governing body or bodies denominated other than as a board of directors. See Arizona Laws 10-140
• Commission: means the Arizona corporation commission. See Arizona Laws 10-140
• Commodity: means any agricultural, grain or livestock product or by-product, any metal or mineral including a precious metal, any gem or gemstone whether characterized as precious, semiprecious or otherwise, any fuel whether liquid, gaseous or otherwise, any foreign currency and all other goods, articles, products or items of any kind. See Arizona Laws 44-1801
• Community benefit activity: means any activity furthering community benefit purposes including any health care activity that includes education, prevention, promotion of community health, indigent care or any other charitable purpose. See Arizona Laws 10-11251
• Community benefit assets: means every asset that has been used in connection with community benefit activity during the previous year. See Arizona Laws 10-11251
• Community benefit organization: means a nonprofit charitable organization that is tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code and whose mission is solely to engage in community benefit activities. See Arizona Laws 10-11251
• Community benefit purposes: means those purposes for which an entity may qualify for exemption pursuant to section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code, or for similar activity engaged in by a for profit organization. See Arizona Laws 10-11251
• Community health center: means a primary care facility that provides medical care in medically underserved areas as designated in section 36-2352 or in medically underserved areas or medically underserved populations as designated by the United States department of health and human services. See Arizona Laws 10-11251
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Demand: means a letter, an e-mail or any other communication asserting that a person has engaged in patent infringement or should obtain a license to a patent but does not include a petition filed in a court of competent jurisdiction. See Arizona Laws 44-1421
• Entity: includes a corporation, foreign corporation, not for profit corporation, profit and not for profit unincorporated association, nonprofit corporation, close corporation, corporation sole or limited liability company, a professional corporation, association or limited liability company, a business trust, estate, partnership, registered limited liability partnership, trust or joint venture, two or more persons having a joint or common economic interest, any person other than an individual and a state, the United States and a foreign government. See Arizona Laws 10-140
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• including: means not limited to and is not a term of exclusion. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
• Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Newspaper: has the meaning set forth in section 39-201. See Arizona Laws 10-140
• Nonprofit health care entity: means a licensed hospital or community health center that holds tax-exempt status pursuant to section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code. See Arizona Laws 10-11251
• Notice of completion: means the written notice that is sent by the hearing officer to the chairman of the corporation commission after the hearing officer holds a public hearing and files a summary report pursuant to section 10-11253. See Arizona Laws 10-11251
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Oath: includes an affirmation or declaration. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, partnership, association or any other legal entity. See Arizona Laws 44-1401
• Person: means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, governmental entity, institution of higher education or other legal or commercial entity. See Arizona Laws 44-1421
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Personal property: includes money, goods, chattels, things in action and evidences of debt. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Property: includes both real and personal property. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Publish: means to publish in a newspaper of general circulation in the county of the known place of business for three consecutive publications. See Arizona Laws 10-140
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Target: means any of the following:

  (a) A person that has received a demand or against whom an assertion of patent infringement has been made and who has information indicating the assertion was made in bad faith pursuant to section 44-1422. See Arizona Laws 44-1421

• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Testify: includes every manner of oral statement under oath or affirmation. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• United States: includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• United States: includes a district, authority, bureau, commission and department and any other agency of the United States. See Arizona Laws 10-140
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Writing: includes printing. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• written: includes blockchain technology as defined in section 44-7061. See Arizona Laws 10-140