Connecticut General Statutes 8-2o – Zoning regulations re accessory apartments. Municipal opt-out; exception
(a) Any zoning regulations adopted pursuant to section 8-2 shall:
Terms Used In Connecticut General Statutes 8-2o
- Accessory apartment: means a separate dwelling unit that (A) is located on the same lot as a principal dwelling unit of greater square footage, (B) has cooking facilities, and (C) complies with or is otherwise exempt from any applicable building code, fire code and health and safety regulations. See Connecticut General Statutes 8-1a
- Affordable accessory apartment: means an accessory apartment that is subject to binding recorded deeds which contain covenants or restrictions that require such accessory apartment be sold or rented at, or below, prices that will preserve the unit as housing for which, for a period of not less than ten years, persons and families pay thirty per cent or less of income, where such income is less than or equal to eighty per cent of the median income. See Connecticut General Statutes 8-1a
- As of right: means able to be approved in accordance with the terms of a zoning regulation or regulations and without requiring that a public hearing be held, a variance, special permit or special exception be granted or some other discretionary zoning action be taken, other than a determination that a site plan is in conformance with applicable zoning regulations. See Connecticut General Statutes 8-1a
- legislative body: means : (1) As applied to unconsolidated towns, the town meeting. See Connecticut General Statutes 1-1
- Municipality: as used in this chapter shall include a district establishing a zoning commission under section 7-326. See Connecticut General Statutes 8-1a
(1) Designate locations or zoning districts within the municipality in which accessory apartments are allowed, provided at least one accessory apartment shall be allowed as of right on each lot that contains a single-family dwelling and no such accessory apartment shall be required to be an affordable accessory apartment;
(2) Allow accessory apartments to be attached to or located within the proposed or existing principal dwelling, or detached from the proposed or existing principal dwelling and located on the same lot as such dwelling;
(3) Set a maximum net floor area for an accessory apartment of not less than thirty per cent of the net floor area of the principal dwelling, or one thousand square feet, whichever is less, except that such regulations may allow a larger net floor area for such apartments;
(4) Require setbacks, lot size and building frontage less than or equal to that which is required for the principal dwelling, and require lot coverage greater than or equal to that which is required for the principal dwelling;
(5) Provide for height, landscaping and architectural design standards that do not exceed any such standards as they are applied to single-family dwellings in the municipality;
(6) Be prohibited from requiring (A) a passageway between any such accessory apartment and any such principal dwelling, (B) an exterior door for any such accessory apartment, except as required by the applicable building or fire code, (C) any more than one parking space for any such accessory apartment, or fees in lieu of parking otherwise allowed by section 8-2c, (D) a familial, marital or employment relationship between occupants of the principal dwelling and accessory apartment, (E) a minimum age for occupants of the accessory apartment, (F) separate billing of utilities otherwise connected to, or used by, the principal dwelling unit, or (G) periodic renewals for permits for such accessory apartments; and
(7) Be interpreted and enforced such that nothing in this section shall be in derogation of (A) applicable building code requirements, (B) the ability of a municipality to prohibit or limit the use of accessory apartments for short-term rentals or vacation stays, or (C) other requirements where a well or private sewerage system is being used, provided approval for any such accessory apartment shall not be unreasonably withheld.
(b) The as of right permit application and review process for approval of accessory apartments shall require that a decision on any such application be rendered not later than sixty-five days after receipt of such application by the applicable zoning commission, except that an applicant may consent to one or more extensions of not more than an additional sixty-five days or may withdraw such application.
(c) A municipality shall not (1) condition the approval of an accessory apartment on the correction of a nonconforming use, structure or lot, or (2) require the installation of fire sprinklers in an accessory apartment if such sprinklers are not required for the principal dwelling located on the same lot or otherwise required by the fire code.
(d) A municipality, special district, sewer or water authority shall not (1) consider an accessory apartment to be a new residential use for the purposes of calculating connection fees or capacity charges for utilities, including water and sewer service, unless such accessory apartment was constructed with a new single-family dwelling on the same lot, or (2) require the installation of a new or separate utility connection directly to an accessory apartment or impose a related connection fee or capacity charge.
(e) If a municipality fails to adopt new regulations or amend existing regulations by January 1, 2023, for the purpose of complying with the provisions of subsections (a) to (d), inclusive, of this section, and unless such municipality opts out of the provisions of said subsections in accordance with the provisions of subsection (f) of this section, any noncompliant existing regulation shall become null and void and such municipality shall approve or deny applications for accessory apartments in accordance with the requirements for regulations set forth in the provisions of subsections (a) to (d), inclusive, of this section until such municipality adopts or amends a regulation in compliance with said subsections. A municipality may not use or impose additional standards beyond those set forth in subsections (a) to (d), inclusive, of this section.
(f) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (a) to (d), inclusive, of this section, the zoning commission or combined planning and zoning commission, as applicable, of a municipality, by a two-thirds vote, may initiate the process by which such municipality opts out of the provisions of said subsections regarding allowance of accessory apartments, provided such commission: (1) First holds a public hearing in accordance with the provisions of section 8-7d on such proposed opt-out, (2) affirmatively decides to opt out of the provisions of said subsections within the period of time permitted under section 8-7d, (3) states upon its records the reasons for such decision, and (4) publishes notice of such decision in a newspaper having a substantial circulation in the municipality not later than fifteen days after such decision has been rendered. Thereafter, the municipality’s legislative body or, in a municipality where the legislative body is a town meeting, its board of selectmen, by a two-thirds vote, may complete the process by which such municipality opts out of the provisions of subsections (a) to (d), inclusive, of this section, except that, on and after January 1, 2023, no municipality may opt out of the provisions of said subsections.