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| regularly engaged in the business of leasing or selling makes to a lessee who is an individual and who takes under the lease primarily for a personal, family, or household purpose, if the total payments to be made under the lease contract, excluding payments for options to renew or buy, do not exceed $40,000. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 810 ILCS 5/2A-103Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.Credit report: A detailed report of an individual's credit history prepared by a credit bureau and used by a lender in determining a loan applicant's creditworthiness. Source: OCCCross examine: Questioning of a witness by the attorney for the other side.Decedent: A deceased person.decree: is synonymous with the word "judgment". See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.24Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. Source: Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.Donee: The recipient of a gift.Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) Source: OCCEntitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. CourtsEscrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedentFair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. Source: OCCFee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances: - You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate
- The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change.
- The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time).
Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCCGarnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtorGoods: means all things that are movable at the | | time of identification to the lease contract, or are fixtures (Section 2A-309), but the term does not include money, documents, instruments, accounts, chattel paper, general intangibles, or minerals or the like, including oil and gas, before extraction. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 810 ILCS 5/2A-103Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. Source: Federal ReserveGuardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.Hearing officer: means a municipal employee or an officer or agent of a municipality, other than a law enforcement officer, whose duty it is to: (1) preside at an administrative hearing called to determine whether or not a code violation exists; (2) hear testimony and accept evidence from all interested parties relevant to the existence of a code violation; (3) preserve and authenticate the transcript and record of the hearing and all exhibits and evidence introduced at the hearing; and (4) issue and sign a written finding, decision, and order stating whether a code violation exists. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 65 ILCS 5/1-2.2-5Hearsay: Statements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question but heard about it from someone else. Hearsay is usually not admissible as evidence in court.Heretofore: means any time previous to the day on which the statute takes effect; and the word "hereafter" at any time after such day. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.17Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. Source: FDICIndictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Source: OCCInterrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.Joint resolution: A legislative measure which requires the approval of both chambers.Joint tenancy: A form of property ownership in which two or more parties hold an undivided interest in the same property that was conveyed under the same instrument at the same time. A joint tenant can sell his (her) interest but not dispose of it by will. Upon the death of a joint tenant, his (her) undivided interest is distributed among the surviving joint tenants.Jurisprudence: The study of law and the structure of the legal system.Juror: A person who is on the jury.Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.Lease: means a transfer of the right to | | possession and use of goods for a term in return for consideration, but a sale, including a sale on approval or a sale or return, or retention or creation of a security interest is not a lease. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 810 ILCS 5/2A-103Lease contract: means the total legal obligation | | that results from the lease agreement as affected by this Article and any other applicable rules of law. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 810 ILCS 5/2A-103Legacy: A gift of property made by will.Legal tender: coins, dollar bills, or other currency issued by a government as official money. Source: U.S. MintLessee: means a person who acquires the right to | | possession and use of goods under a lease. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 810 ILCS 5/2A-103Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.Metropolitan area: means all that territory in the State of Illinois lying within the corporate boundaries of the City of Aurora and the Waubonsee Community College District #516 except for those portions lying within counties which have a civic center authority within the corporate limits of such counties. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 70 ILCS 200/10-5Metropolitan area: means all that territory which lies within the corporate boundaries of the Village of Schaumburg. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 70 ILCS 200/100-5Metropolitan area: means all that territory in the State of Illinois lying within the municipalities of Lyons, McCook, Hodgkins, Countryside, Indianhead Park, Willow Springs, Justice, Bridgeview, Bedford Park, Summit and Lemont, and all the incorporated area lying within the Village of Burr Ridge, all the unincorporated area lying within Cook and DuPage County, which is bounded on the North by the north line of the Des Plaines River, on the west by a line 10,000 feet west of the center line of Illinois Rt. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 70 ILCS 200/105-5Metropolitan area: means all that territory in the State of Illinois lying within the corporate boundaries of the Cities of LaSalle, Oglesby, Peru and Spring Valley in the County of LaSalle. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 70 ILCS 200/110-5Metropolitan area: means all that territory in the State of Illinois lying within the corporate boundaries of the county of Jasper. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 70 ILCS 200/115-5Month: means a calendar month, and the word "year" a calendar year unless otherwise expressed; and the word "year" alone, is equivalent to the expression "year of our Lord. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.10Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. Source: OCCNolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.Oath: A promise to tell the truth.oath: shall be deemed to include an affirmation, and the word "sworn" shall be construed to include the word "affirmed. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.12Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.Outlays: Outlays are payments made (generally through the issuance of checks or disbursement of cash) to liquidate obligations. Outlays during a fiscal year may be for payment of obligations incurred in prior years or in the same year.Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.Person under legal disability: means a person 18 years or older who (a) because of mental deterioration or physical incapacity is not fully able to manage his or her person or estate, or (b) is a person with mental illness or is a person with developmental disabilities and who because of his or her mental illness or developmental disability is not fully able to manage his or her person or estate, or (c) because of gambling, idleness, debauchery or excessive use of intoxicants or drugs, so spends or wastes his or her estate as to expose himself or herself or his or her family to want or suffering. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.06Petty offense: A federal misdemeanor punishable by six months or less in prison. Source: U.S. CourtsPlaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.police force: shall be construed to include such persons in the employ of a municipality as members of the department of police, who are or shall hereafter be appointed and sworn as policemen. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.20Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. Source: OCCPrecedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.Probate: Proving a willProbation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.Public defender: Represent defendants who can't afford an attorney in criminal matters.Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.public utility: as used in this article shall mean and include all public utilities engaged in the local transportation of passengers for hire, except railroads constituting or used as a part of a trunk line railroad system, and except interurban railroads whose principal business is not that of local transportation of passengers within the city of Chicago. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 65 ILCS 20/21-44Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.Right of survivorship: The ownership rights that result in the acquisition of title to property by reason of having survived other co-owners.Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.Subpoena duces tecum: A command to a witness to produce documents.Supplemental appropriation: Budget authority provided in an appropriations act in addition to regular or continuing appropriations already provided. Supplemental appropriations generally are made to cover emergencies, such as disaster relief, or other needs deemed too urgent to be postponed until the enactment of next year's regular appropriations act.Surviving spouse: means "widow" or "widower" as the case may be. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.32sworn: shall be construed to include the word "affirmed. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.12Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.Tenancy in common: A type of property ownership in which two or more individuals have an undivided interest in property. At the death of one tenant in common, his (her) fractional percentage of ownership in the property passes to the decedentTestify: Answer questions in court.Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. Source: OCCUniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. Source: OCCUnits of local government: has the meaning established in Section 1 of Article VII of the Constitution of the State of Illinois of 1970. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 5 ILCS 70/1.28Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.waterworks: as used in this Division 130, means and includes a waterworks system in its entirety or any integral part thereof, including mains, hydrants, meters, valves, standpipes, storage tanks, pumping tanks, intakes, wells, impounding reservoirs, or purification plants. See Illinois Compiled Statutes 65 ILCS 5/11-130-2Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.
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