(a) An operating agreement may provide for classes or groups of managers having such relative rights, powers and duties as the operating agreement may provide, and may make provision for the future creation in the manner provided in the operating agreement of additional classes or groups of managers having such relative rights, powers and duties as may from time to time be established, including rights, powers and duties senior to existing classes and groups of managers. An operating agreement may provide for the taking of an action, including the amendment of the operating agreement, without the vote, consent or approval of any manager or class or group of managers, including an action to create under the provisions of the operating agreement a class or group of limited liability company interests that was not previously outstanding.

(b) An operating agreement may grant to all or certain identified managers or a specified class or group of the managers the right to vote, separately or with all or any class or group of managers or members, on any matter. Voting by managers may be on a per capita, number, financial interest, class, group or any other basis. Unless otherwise provided in an operating agreement, if more than one manager is appointed, all managers shall have an equal vote per capita.

(c) An operating agreement may set forth provisions relating to notice of the time, place or purpose of any meeting at which any matter is to be voted on by any manager or class or group of managers, waiver of any such notice, action by consent or approval without a meeting, the establishment of a record date, quorum requirements, voting in person or by proxy, or any other matter with respect to the exercise of any such right to vote.

(d) Unless otherwise provided in an operating agreement, meetings of managers may be held by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this subsection shall constitute presence in person at the meeting. Unless otherwise provided in an operating agreement, on any matter that is to be voted on, consented to or approved by the managers, the managers may take such action without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if consented to or approved, in writing, by electronic transmission, or by any other means permitted by law, by managers having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all managers entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Unless otherwise provided in an operating agreement, if a person, whether or not then a manager, consents to or approves as a manager any matter and provides that such consent or approval will be effective at a future time, including a time determined upon the happening of an event, then such person shall be deemed to have consented or approved as a manager at such future time, so long as such person is then a manager. Unless otherwise provided in an operating agreement, on any matter that is to be voted on by managers, the managers may vote in person or by proxy, and such proxy may be granted in writing, by means of electronic transmission or as otherwise permitted by applicable law. Unless otherwise provided in an operating agreement, a consent or approval transmitted by electronic transmission by a manager or by a person or persons authorized to act for a manager shall be deemed to be written and signed for purposes of this subsection. For purposes of this subsection, the term “electronic transmission” means any form of communication not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, including the use of, or participation in, one or more electronic networks or databases, including one or more distributed electronic networks or databases, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.