Terms Used In Kentucky Statutes > Chapter 304 > Subtitle 7 - Investments

• Acceptable collateral: means :
  (a) As to securities lending transactions, and for the purpose of calculating counterparty exposure amount, cash, cash equivalents, letter of credit, direct obligations of, or securities that are fully guaranteed as to principal and interest by, the government of the United States, any agency of the United States, the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, and as to lending foreign securities, sovereign debt rated 1 by the SVO. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Accident and health insurance: means protection that provides payment of benefits for covered sickness or accidental injury, excluding credit insurance, disability insurance, accidental death and dismemberment insurance, and long-term care insurance. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Accident and health insurer: means a licensed life or health insurer or health service corporation whose insurance premiums and required statutory reserves for accident and health insurance constitute at least ninety-five percent (95%) of total premium considerations or total statutory required reserves, respectively. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Action: includes all proceedings in any court of this state. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Admitted assets: means assets permitted to be reported as admitted assets in accordance with Subtitle 6 of KRS Chapter 304 on the statutory financial statement of the insurer most recently required to be filed with the commissioner, but excluding assets of separate accounts. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• agent: includes managing general agent unless the context requires otherwise. See Kentucky Statutes 304.9-085
• Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Asset-backed security: means a security or other instrument, excluding a mutual fund, evidencing an interest in, or the right to receive payments from, or payable from distributions on, an asset, a pool of assets, or specifically divisible cash flows that are legally transferred to a trust or another special purpose bankruptcy-remote business entity, on the following conditions:
  (a) The trust or other business entity is established solely for the purpose of
  acquiring specific types of assets or rights to cash flows, issuing securities and other instruments representing an interest in or right to receive cash flows from those assets or rights, and engaging in activities required to service the assets or rights and any credit enhancement or support features held by the trust, or other business entity. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Attorney: means attorney-at-law. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Business entity: includes a sole proprietorship, corporation, limited liability company, association, partnership, joint stock company, joint venture, mutual fund, trust, joint tenancy, or other similar form of business organization, whether organized for profit or not-for-profit. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Cap: means an agreement obligating the seller to make payments to the buyer, with each payment based on the amount by which a reference price, level, or the performance or value of one (1) or more underlying interests exceeds a predetermined number, sometimes called the strike rate or strike price. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Cash equivalents: means short-term, highly rated, and highly liquid investments or securities readily convertible to known amounts of cash without penalty and so near maturity that they present insignificant risk of change in value. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
• Class one bond mutual fund: means a mutual fund that at all times qualifies for investment using the bond class one reserve factor under the Purposes and Procedures of the Securities Valuation Office, or any successor publication. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Class one money market mutual fund: means a money market mutual fund that at all times qualifies for investment using the bond class one reserve factor under the Purposes and Procedures of the Securities Valuation Office, or any successor publication. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Code: means KRS Chapter 304 and all administrative regulations promulgated as authorized. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Company: may extend and be applied to any corporation, company, person, partnership, joint stock company, or association. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Control: means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct, or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract other than a commercial contract for goods or nonmanagement services, or otherwise, unless the power is the result of an official position with or corporate office held by the person. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Corporation: may extend and be applied to any corporation, company, partnership, joint stock company, or association. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Counterparty exposure amount: means :
  (a) The net amount of credit risk attributable to a derivative instrument entered into with a business entity other than through a qualified exchange, qualified foreign exchange, or cleared through a qualified clearinghouse ("over-the- counter derivative instrument"). See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Covered: means that an insurer owns or can immediately acquire, through the exercise of options, warrants, or conversion rights already owned, the underlying interest in order to fulfill or secure its obligations under a call option, cap, or floor it has written, or has set aside under a custodial or escrow agreement, cash, or cash equivalents with a market value equal to the amount required to fulfill its obligations under a put option it has written, in an income generation transaction. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Credit tenant loan: means a mortgage loan that is made primarily in reliance on the credit standing of a major tenant, structured with an assignment of the rental payments to the lender with real estate pledged as collateral in the form of a first lien. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Derivative instrument: means an agreement, option, instrument, a series, or combination thereof:
  1. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Derivative transaction: means a transaction involving the use of one (1) or more derivative instruments. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• directly: when used in connection with an obligation, means that the designated obligor is primarily liable on the instrument representing the obligation. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Directors: when applied to corporations, includes managers or trustees. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Dollar roll transaction: means two (2) simultaneous transactions with different settlement dates no more than ninety-six (96) days apart, so that in the transaction with the earlier settlement date, an insurer sells to a business entity, and in the other transaction the insurer is obligated to purchase from the same business entity, substantially similar securities of the following types:
  (a) Asset-backed securities issued, assumed, or guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association, the Federal National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or their respective successors. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Domestic: when applied to a corporation, partnership, business trust, or limited liability company, means all those incorporated or formed by authority of this state. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Domestic jurisdiction: means the United States, Canada, any state, any province of
  Canada, or any political subdivision of any of the foregoing. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Equity interest: means any of the following that are not rated credit instruments: (a) Common stock. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Equivalent securities: means :
  (a) In a securities lending transaction, securities that are identical to the loaned securities in all features including the amount of the loaned securities, except as to certificate number if held in physical form, but if any different security shall be exchanged for a loaned security by recapitalization, merger, consolidation, or other corporate action, the different security shall be deemed to be the loaned security. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Federal: refers to the United States. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Floor: means an agreement obligating the seller to make payments to the buyer in which each payment is based on the amount by which a predetermined number, sometimes called the floor rate or price, exceeds a reference price, level,
  performance, or value of one (1) or more underlying interests. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Foreign: when applied to a corporation, partnership, limited partnership, business trust, statutory trust, or limited liability company, includes all those incorporated or formed by authority of any other state. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Foreign currency: means a currency other than that of a domestic jurisdiction. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Foreign investment: means an investment in a foreign jurisdiction, or an investment in a person, real estate, or asset domiciled in a foreign jurisdiction, that is substantially of the same type as those eligible for investment under this subtitle, other than KRS §. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Foreign jurisdiction: means a jurisdiction other than a domestic jurisdiction. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Future: means an agreement, traded on a qualified exchange or qualified foreign exchange, to make, take delivery of, or effect a cash settlement based on the actual or expected price, level, performance, or value of one (1) or more underlying interest. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Government money market mutual fund: means a money market mutual fund that at all times:
  (a) Invests only in obligations issued, guaranteed, or insured by the federal government of the United States or collateralized repurchase agreements composed of these obligations. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Government sponsored enterprise: means a: (a) Governmental agency. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Hedging transaction: means a derivative transaction that is entered into and maintained to reduce:
  (a) The risk of a change in the value, yield, price, cash flow, or quantity of assets or liabilities that the insurer has acquired or incurred or anticipates acquiring or incurring. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Highly rated: means an investment rated P-1 by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Income: means , as to a security, interest, accrual of discount, dividends, or other
  distributions, such as rights, tax or assessment, or assessment credits, warrants, and
  distributions in kind. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Insurance future: means a future relating to an index or pool that is based on insurance-related items. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Insurance futures option: means an option on an insurance future. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Investment company: means an investment company as defined in Section 3(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Investment company series: means an investment portfolio of an investment company that is organized as a series company and to which assets of the investment company have been specifically allocated. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Investment practices: means transactions of the types described in KRS §. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Investment strategy: means the techniques and methods used by an insurer to meet its investment objectives, such as active bond portfolio management, passive bond portfolio management, interest rate anticipation, growth investing, and value investing. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Investment subsidiary: means a subsidiary of an insurer engaged or organized to
  engage exclusively in the ownership and management of assets authorized as investment for the insurer if each subsidiary agrees to limit its investment in any asset so that its investments will not cause the amount of the total investment of the insurer to exceed any of the investment limitations or avoid any other provisions of this subtitle applicable to the insurer. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Juror: A person who is on the jury.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Letter of credit: means a clean, irrevocable, and unconditional letter of credit issued or confirmed by, and payable and presentable at, a financial institution on the list of financial institutions meeting the standards for issuing letters of credit under the Purposes and Procedures of the Securities Valuation Office or any successor publication. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Limited liability company: means a business organization, excluding partnerships and ordinary business corporations, organized or operating under the laws of the United States or any state thereof that limits the personal liability of investors to the equity investment of the investor in the business entity. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Lower grade investment: means a rated credit instrument rated 4, 5, or 6 by the
  SVO. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Market value: means :
  (a) As to cash and letters of credit, the amounts thereof. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Medium grade investment: means a rated credit instrument rated 3 by the SVO. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Money market mutual fund: means a mutual fund that meets the conditions of 17
  Code of Federal Regulations Par. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Month: means calendar month. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• Mortgage loan: means an obligation secured by a mortgage, deed of trust, trust deed, or other consensual lien on real estate. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
• Multilateral development bank: means an international development organization
  of which the United States is a member. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Mutual fund: means an investment company or, in the case of an investment company that is organized as a series company, an investment company series, that, in either case, is registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• NAIC: means the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Option: means an agreement giving the buyer the right to buy or receive (a "call option"), sell or deliver (a "put option"), enter into, extend, terminate, or effect a cash settlement based on the actual or expected price level, performance or value of one (1) or more underlying interests. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Partnership: includes both general and limited partnerships. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Person: means an individual, a business entity, a multilateral development bank, or a government or quasi-governmental body, such as a political subdivision or a government sponsored enterprise. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Petit jury: A group of citizens who hear the evidence presented by both sides at trial and determine the facts in dispute. Federal criminal juries consist of 12 persons. Federal civil juries consist of six persons.
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Potential exposure: means the amount determined in accordance with the NAIC Annual Statement Instructions. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Preferred stock: means preferred, preference, or guaranteed stock of a business entity authorized to issue the stock, that has a preference in liquidation over the common stock of the business entity. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Qualified bank: means :
  (a) A national bank, state bank, or trust company that at all times is no less than adequately capitalized as determined by standards adopted by the United States banking regulators and that is either regulated by state banking laws, or is a member of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Qualified business entity: means a business entity that is:
  (a) An issuer of obligations or preferred stock that are rated 1 or 2 by SVO or an issuer of obligations, preferred stock, or derivative instruments that are rated the equivalent of 1 or 2 by the SVO or by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization recognized by the SVO. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Qualified clearinghouse: means a clearinghouse for, and subject to the rules of, a qualified exchange or a qualified foreign exchange, that provides clearing service, including acting as a counterparty to each of the parties to a transaction such that the parties no longer have credit risks as to each other. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Qualified exchange: means :
  (a) A securities exchange registered as a national securities exchange, or a securities market regulated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15
  U. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Qualified foreign exchange: means a foreign exchange, board of trade, or contract market located outside the United States, its territories, or possessions:
  (a) That has received regulatory comparability relief under Commodity Futures
  Trading Commission (CFTC) Rule 30. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Qualified primary credit source: means the credit source to which an insurer looks for payment as in an investment and against which an insurer has a direct claim for full and timely payment, evidenced by a contractual right for which an enforcement action can be brought in a domestic jurisdiction. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Rated credit instrument: means a contractual right to receive cash or another rated credit instrument from another entity that:
  1. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Real estate: means :
  (a) 1. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Replication transaction: means a derivative transaction that is intended to replicate the performance of one (1) or more assets that an insurer is authorized to acquire under this subtitle. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Required liabilities: means total liabilities required to be reported on the statutory financial statement of the insurer most recently required to be filed with the commissioner. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Residential mortgage loan: means a loan primarily secured by a mortgage on real estate improved with a one (1) to four (4) family residence. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Reverse repurchase transaction: means a transaction in which an insurer sells securities to a business entity and is obligated to repurchase the sold securities or equivalent securities from the business entity at a specified price, either within a specified period of time or upon demand. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Secured location: means the contiguous real estate owned by one (1) person. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Securities lending transaction: means a transaction in which securities are loaned by an insurer to a business entity that is obligated to return the loaned securities or equivalent securities to the insurer, either within a specified period of time or upon
  demand. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Short-term: means investments with a remaining term to maturity of ninety
  (90) days or less. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Sinking fund stock: means preferred stock that:
  (a) Is subject to a mandatory sinking fund or similar arrangement that will provide for the redemption or open market purchase of the entire issue over a period not longer than forty (40) years from the date of acquisition. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Special rated credit instrument: means a rated credit instrument that is:
  (a) An instrument that is structured so that, if it is held until retired by or on behalf of the issuer, its rate of return, based on its purchase cost and any cash flow stream possible under the structure of the transaction, may become negative due to reasons other than the credit risk associated with the issuer of the instrument. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• State: means a state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of
  Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• State: when applied to a part of the United States, includes territories, outlying possessions, and the District of Columbia. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Substantially similar securities: means securities that meet all criteria for substantially similar securities specified in the NAIC Accounting Practices and Procedures manual, as amended, and in an amount that constitutes good delivery form as determined from time to time by the Public Securities Administration. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• SVO: means the Securities Valuation Office of the NAIC or any successor office established by the NAIC. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Swap: means an agreement to exchange or to net payments at one (1) or more times based on the actual or expected price, level, performance, or value of one (1) or more underlying interests. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Treatment: when used in a criminal justice context, means targeted interventions
  that focus on criminal risk factors in order to reduce the likelihood of criminal behavior. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Underlying interest: means the assets, liabilities, other interests, or a combination thereof underlying a derivative instrument, such as any one (1) or more securities, currencies, rates, indices, commodities, or derivative instruments. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Unrestricted surplus: means the amount by which total admitted assets exceed one hundred twenty-five percent (125%) of the insurer's required liabilities. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate.
• Warrant: means an instrument that gives the holder the right to purchase an underlying financial instrument at a given price and time or at a series of prices and times outlined in the warrant agreement. See Kentucky Statutes 304.7-012
• Year: means calendar year. See Kentucky Statutes 446.010