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A.(1)  An elementary or secondary school operating under the jurisdiction and direction of any city, parish, or other local public school board or any other public entity which is academically unacceptable under a uniform statewide program of school accountability established pursuant to rules adopted by the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education under authority of law, referred to in this Section as “the state board”, shall be designated as a failed school.  When a city, parish, or other local public school board or other public entity:  (a) fails to present a plan to reconstitute the failed school to the state board, as required pursuant to such an accountability program, or (b) presents a reconstitution plan that is unacceptable to the state board, or (c) fails at any time to comply with the terms of the reconstitution plan approved by the state board, or (d) the school has been labeled an academically unacceptable school for four consecutive years, the school shall be removed from the jurisdiction of the city, parish, or other local public school board or other public entity and transferred to the jurisdiction of the Recovery School District established in La. Rev. Stat. 17:1990, provided the state board approves the transfer.

(2)  Procedures and standards for aligning the state program of school and district accountability with the requirements of this Section and Part VII of Chapter 8 of this Title shall be adopted by the state board by rule.

B.  A failed school shall be reorganized, as necessary, and operated by the Recovery School District pursuant to its authority in whatever manner is determined by the administering agency of the Recovery School District to be most likely to bring the school to an acceptable level of performance as determined pursuant to the accountability plan.

C.(1)  The Recovery School District shall retain jurisdiction of any school transferred to it pursuant to the provisions of this Section for a period of not less than five school years not including the school year in which the transfer occurred if the transfer occurred during a school year.

(2)(a)  No later than nine months prior to the expiration of the five-year period, the Recovery School District shall make a report to the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education.

(b)  The report shall include at a minimum each of the following elements:

(i)  The status of each school transferred, the nature of its faculty and administration, the demographics and size of its student body, its organizational and management structure, whether there has been improvement in student academic performance and, if so, how much and, if not, why not.

(ii)  A recommendation as to whether the school should be:

(aa)  Continued in the Recovery School District pursuant to its reported operational status.

(bb)  Continued in the Recovery School District with a change in its operational status and the nature of the recommended change.

(cc)  Closed and the reasons therefor.

(dd)  Returned to the administration and management of the transferring system with proposed stipulations and conditions for the return.

(3)  No later than six months prior to the expiration of the five-year period, the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education shall take action on the recommendations of the Recovery School District.  Any action that results in an affirmative agreement to retain the school in the Recovery School District shall retain the school in the Recovery School District for an additional five-year period, unless a lesser time is adopted by the state board. The report required by Paragraph (2) of this Subsection and the action required in this Paragraph shall occur no later than six months prior to each period of continuation.

D.  At the time of the transfer of a school to the Recovery School District, the parent or guardian with responsibility for decisions regarding the education of any student attending the school or any student who would be assigned to attend the school may choose to continue to have their child be enrolled in and attend the school under the jurisdiction of the Recovery School District or may exercise an option which shall be made available by the city, parish, or other local public school board or any other public entity from which the school is being transferred to enroll in and attend another school operated by the school board or entity.

E.(1)  Annually, the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, represented by the superintendent of the Recovery School District, shall submit a written report to the House and Senate committees on education.

(2)  The report required by this Subsection shall include:

(a)  A listing and description of the status of each school for which the state board has required the development of a plan of reconstitution since the submittal of the last report.

(b)  A listing and description of the status of each school which has begun operating pursuant to an approved reconstitution plan since the submittal of the last report.

(c)  A listing and description of the status of each school which has continued to operate pursuant to an approved reconstitution plan since the submittal of the last report.

(d)  A listing and description of the status of each school the jurisdiction over which has been transferred to the Recovery School District since the submittal of the last report.

F.(1)  Notwithstanding the provisions of Paragraph (A)(1) of this Section, a public school shall be removed from the jurisdiction of the city, parish, or other local public school board or other public entity and transferred to the jurisdiction of the Recovery School District if such transfer is approved by the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education and both of the following conditions are met:

(a)  Parents or legal guardians representing at least a majority of the students attending the school sign a petition requesting that the school be transferred to the Recovery School District.

(b)  The school has received a letter grade of “D” or “F” or any variation thereof, pursuant to the Louisiana School and District Accountability System for three consecutive years.

(2)  The State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education shall develop and adopt rules and regulations for implementation of this Subsection which shall include but not be limited to:

(a)  The format and procedures for submitting a petition pursuant to this Subsection to the state superintendent of education to be brought by him before the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education for review pursuant to the process established for the consideration of schools eligible for transfer to the Recovery School District as provided in this Section.

(b)  A requirement that each student may be signed for by his parents or legal guardians only one time on any given petition such that each student equals one signature.

(c)  Signature validation procedures that include the following requirements:

(i)  That upon submission of a petition, the state Department of Education shall determine if the number of signatures represents at least a majority of the students attending the school.

(ii)  That the signatures be assumed valid unless challenged or there is reasonable doubt of their validity.  If validity is challenged or doubted, the department shall, within forty-five calendar days, review and verify the signatures.  If the department finds that the number of valid signatures is fewer than a majority required, parents or legal guardians shall have thirty calendar days, commencing with a date specified by the department, to resolve such discrepancies and collect the signatures of additional parents or legal guardians.  Signatures shall not be discounted over technicalities if the clear intent of the parent or legal guardian was to support the petition.

(d)  Transfer procedures for students who choose not to remain enrolled at the school as a result of the state board’s decision to transfer the school to the jurisdiction of the Recovery School District.

(3)  The state Department of Education shall maintain records regarding the contents and outcomes of the petitions.

(4)  Parents or legal guardians shall be free from harassment, threats, and intimidation related to circulation of or signing a petition.

(5)  School and district resources shall not be used to support or oppose any effort by petitioning parents or legal guardians to gather signatures and submit a petition.

G.(1)  Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection C of this Section, a school that is directly operated by the Recovery School District and that has not been identified for conversion to a charter school pursuant to a charter contract between the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education and a nonprofit charter organization shall be removed from the jurisdiction of the Recovery School District and returned to the administration and management of the school system from which it was transferred if such return is approved by the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education and the respective local school board and the following conditions are met:

(a)  Parents or legal guardians representing at least a majority of the students who have been enrolled in the school for at least two years sign a petition requesting that the school be removed from the jurisdiction of the Recovery School District and returned to the administration and management of the school system from which it was transferred.

(b)  The school has received a letter grade of “D” or “F” or any variation thereof, pursuant to the Louisiana School and District Accountability System, for five consecutive years while under the jurisdiction of the Recovery School District.

(2)  By October 1, 2013, the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education shall develop and adopt rules and regulations for implementation of this Subsection which shall include but not be limited to:

(a) The format, procedures, and timelines for submitting a petition pursuant to this Subsection to the state superintendent of education to be brought by him before the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education for review, consideration, and action.

(b)  A requirement that each student may be signed for by his parents or legal guardians only one time on any given petition such that each student equals one signature.

(c)  Signature validation procedures that include the following requirements:

(i)  That upon submission of a petition, the state Department of Education shall determine if the number of signatures represents at least a majority of the students attending the school.

(ii)  That the signatures be assumed valid unless challenged or there is  reasonable doubt of their validity.  If the validity is challenged or doubted, the department shall, within forty-five calendar days, review and verify the signatures.  If the department finds that the number of valid signatures is fewer than the majority required, parents or legal guardians shall have thirty calendar days, commencing with a date specified by the department, to resolve such discrepancies and to collect the signatures of additional parents or legal guardians. Signatures shall not be discounted over technicalities if the clear intent of the parent or legal guardian was to support the petition.

(d)  Transfer procedures for students who choose not to remain enrolled at the school as a result of the state board’s decision to return the school to the administration and management of the school system from which it was transferred.

(3)  The state Department of Education shall maintain records regarding the contents and outcomes of the petitions.

(4)  Parents or legal guardians shall be free from harassment, threats, and intimidation related to circulation of or signing a petition.

(5)  School and district resources shall not be used to support or oppose any effort by petitioning parents or legal guardians to gather signatures and submit a petition.

Acts 2003, No. 9, §1, eff. Nov. 6, 2003; Acts 2008, No. 489, §1; Acts 2012, No. 2, §1; Acts 2013, No. 275, §1.