Terms Used In Louisiana Revised Statutes > Title 12 > Chapter 22 - Limited Liability Companies

• Abused parent: means the parent who has not committed family violence. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:362
• Acquittal:
  1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
  2. A verdict of "not guilty."
   
• Address: means street and municipal number, or other definite and ascertainable physical location if street and municipal number are not available; and, if a building not wholly occupied by the addressee, the location in the building. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Administrator: means the state treasurer. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Adviser: means a person who, at the request of the issuer, a confirmor, or another adviser, notifies, or requests another adviser to notify, the beneficiary that a letter of credit has been issued, confirmed, or amended. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Allocated value: means (1) the par value of par-value shares, plus any amounts in excess of par value transferred from surplus to stated capital in respect of such shares, less any part of such amounts transferred from stated capital to capital surplus as permitted by this Chapter, and (2) the amount allocated to stated capital upon issuance of shares without par value, plus any amounts thereafter transferred from surplus to stated capital in respect of such shares, less any part of such amounts transferred from stated capital to capital surplus as permitted by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Apparent owner: means a person whose name appears on the records of a holder as the person entitled to property held, issued, or owed by the holder. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Applicant: means a person at whose request or for whose account a letter of credit is issued. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Articles: means the original articles of incorporation, and all amendments thereto including those contained in merger agreements, or if restated, the latest restatement thereof, except in those instances in which the context expressly refers to the original articles of incorporation only. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Articles of organization: means documents filed under Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Assets: means all of a corporation's property and rights of every kind. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Beneficiary: means a person who under the terms of a letter of credit is entitled to have its complying presentation honored. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Board: means the Louisiana Cemetery Board. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Board: means the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3772
• Board: means the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:4041
• Burial: means the placement of human remains in a grave. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Business: means any trade, occupation, profession, or other commercial activity, including but not limited to professions licensed by a state or other governmental agency whether or not engaged in for profit. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Business association: means a corporation, joint stock company, investment company, partnership, unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, business trust, trust company, savings and loan association, building and loan association, savings bank, industrial bank, land bank, safe deposit company, safekeeping depository, bank, banking organization, financial organization, insurance company, mutual fund, credit union, utility, or other business entity consisting of one or more persons, whether or not for profit. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Capital surplus: means the aggregate of:

  (a)  The amount of the consideration received on issuance of issued shares in excess of the aggregate allocated value thereof; and

  (b)  Amounts transferred to capital surplus as permitted by this Chapter; and

  (c)  Surplus arising from revaluation to reflect unrealized appreciation in value of assets; less

  (d)  Transfers from, or other reductions in, capital surplus required or permitted by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201

• Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses.
• Cemetery: means a place used or intended to be used for the interment of the human dead and, to the extent allowed in accordance with this Title, pet remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Cemetery authority: means any person, firm, corporation, limited liability company, trustee, partnership, association, or municipality owning, operating, controlling, or managing a cemetery or holding lands within this state for interment purposes. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Cemetery space: means a grave, crypt, vault, niche, tomb, lawn crypt, or any other property used or intended to be used for the interment of human remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Confirmor: means a nominated person who undertakes, at the request or with the consent of the issuer, to honor a presentation under a letter of credit issued by another. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Constituent entity: means each limited liability company, partnership, partnership in commendam, limited partnership, or corporation which is party to an agreement of merger or consolidation pursuant to Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Corporation: means any corporation or limited liability company which is authorized by its articles or an operating agreement to conduct any one or more of the businesses of a cemetery. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Corporation: means a corporation formed under the laws of this state or a foreign corporation as defined in this Section. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Court: means any court of competent jurisdiction where the registered office of the corporation is located. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Court: means any district court, juvenile court, or family court having jurisdiction over the parents and/or child at issue. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:362
• Court reporter: A person who makes a word-for-word record of what is said in court and produces a transcript of the proceedings upon request.
• Court-monitored domestic abuse intervention program: means a program, comprised of a minimum of twenty-six in-person sessions, that follows a model designed specifically for perpetrators of domestic abuse. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:362
• Cremated remains: means human remains after cremation in a crematory. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Cremation: means the reduction of the body of a deceased person to cremated remains in a crematory. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Crematory: means a building or structure containing one or more retorts for the reduction of bodies of deceased persons to cremated remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Department: means the state Department of Education. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3772
• Department: means the state Department of Education. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:4041
• Directors: means persons designated in the articles as such, and persons designated, elected or appointed by any other name or title to act as directors, and their successors. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Disposition: means the interment, burial, cremation, or anatomical donation of the body of a deceased person or parts of the body of a deceased person. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• District: means any city, parish, or other local public school district, the Recovery School District, and the Special School District. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:4041
• Disturb: includes excavating, removing, exposing, defacing, mutilating, destroying, molesting, or desecrating in any way any unmarked burial sites or any human skeletal remains, burial artifacts, or burial markers on or in an unmarked burial site without a permit. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:673
• Document: means a draft or other demand, document of title, investment security, certificate, invoice, or other record, statement, or representation of fact, law, right, or opinion (i) which is presented in a written or other medium permitted by the letter of credit, or unless prohibited by the letter of credit, by the standard practice referred to in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• domestic limited liability company: means an entity that is an unincorporated association having one or more members that is organized and existing under this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Domicile: means the state of incorporation of a corporation and the state of the principal place of business of a holder other than a corporation. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Earned surplus: means the excess of surplus over capital surplus. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• En banc: In the bench or "full bench." Refers to court sessions with the entire membership of a court participating rather than the usual quorum. U.S. courts of appeals usually sit in panels of three judges, but may expand to a larger number in certain cases. They are then said to be sitting en banc.
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Family violence: includes but is not limited to physical or sexual abuse and any offense against the person as defined in the Criminal Code of Louisiana, except negligent injuring and defamation, committed by one parent against the other parent or against any of the children. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:362
• Fiduciary agent: means a representative of an owner whose services provided to the owner include locating, delivering, recovering, or assisting in the recovery of property to the owner, and shall be limited to Louisiana licensed attorneys, certified public accountants, and financial advisors. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Force majeure: means any of the following circumstances:

              (a) A major storm, major flood, or other similar natural disaster. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1

• Foreign corporation: means a corporation formed under the laws of any jurisdiction other than this state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Foreign corporation: means a corporation formed under the laws of any state other than this state or under the laws of any foreign country. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Foreign limited liability company: means a limited liability company formed under the laws of any state other than this state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Foreign limited partnership: means a limited partnership formed under the laws of any state other than this state or under the laws of any foreign country. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Foreign partnership: means a partnership formed under the laws of any state other than this state, or under the laws of any foreign country. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• Germane: On the subject of the pending bill or other business; a strict standard of relevance.
• Governing authority: means the governing authority of any public elementary or secondary school. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:4041
• Governing body: means the board or body in which the bond issuing power of a governmental unit is vested. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 13:5121
• Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}
• Grave: means a space of ground in a cemetery, used or intended to be used, for burial. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.
• Holder: means a person obligated to hold for the account of, or deliver or pay to, the owner of property that is subject to this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Human remains: means the body of a deceased person and includes the body in any stage of decomposition, as well as cremated remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Human skeletal remains: means any part of the body of a deceased human being in any stage of decomposition. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:673
• In forma pauperis: In the manner of a pauper. Permission given to a person to sue without payment of court fees on claim of indigence or poverty.
• Incorporator: means one of the signers of the original articles of incorporation. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Injunction: means a temporary restraining order or a preliminary or a permanent court ordered injunction, as defined in the Code of Civil Procedure, which prohibits the violent parent from in any way contacting the abused parent or the children except for specific purposes set forth in the injunction, which shall be limited to communications expressly dealing with the education, health, and welfare of the children, or for any other purpose expressly agreed to by the abused parent. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:362
• institution-affiliated party: means :

  (1)  A director, officer, employee, agent, or controlling stockholder of a savings bank operating under this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 6:1335

• Insurance company: means an association, corporation, or fraternal or mutual benefit organization, whether or not for profit, engaged in the business of providing insurance including accident, burial, casualty, credit life, contract performance, dental, fidelity, fire, health, hospitalization, illness, life insurance, life endowments and annuities, malpractice, marine, mortgage, surety, and wage protection insurance. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
• interest: means a member's rights in a limited liability company, collectively, including the member's share of the profits and losses of the limited liability company, the right to receive distributions of the limited liability company's assets, and any right to vote or participate in management. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Interment: means the disposition of human remains by inurnment, scattering, entombment, or burial in a place used or intended to be used, and dedicated, for cemetery purposes. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
• Issued shares: means outstanding shares and treasury shares. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Issuer: means a financial institution or other person that issues a letter of credit, but does not include an individual who makes an engagement for personal, family, or household purposes. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Juror: A person who is on the jury.
• Lawn crypts: means space for interment in preplaced chambers or burial vaults, either side by side or multiple depth, covered by earth or sod and known also as below-ground crypts, Westminster crypts, or turf top crypts. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
• Legatee: A beneficiary of a decedent
• Letter of credit: means a definite undertaking that satisfies the requirements of La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Licensed mental health professional: as used in this Chapter means a person who possesses at least a master's degree and who is licensed in counseling, social work, psychology, marriage and family counseling, or exempt from licensing requirements pursuant to Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:331
• Limited partnership: means a partnership in commendam formed under the laws of this state or a foreign limited partnership as defined in this Section. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Local superintendent: means the appropriate city or parish school superintendent. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3831
• Local system: means the appropriate city or parish school board or system. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3831
• Low-performing school: means an academically unacceptable school as determined by the board. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:4041
• managers: means a person or persons designated by the members of a limited liability company to manage the limited liability company as provided in its articles of organization. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Member: means each natural or artificial person admitted to membership in a corporation, and, unless the context indicates otherwise, includes shareholders. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Member: means a person with a membership interest in a limited liability company with the rights and obligations specified under this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• member of the fire department: as used in this Part is defined as an employee of the Fire Department of the City of Alexandria who has been regularly appointed and confirmed as such. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:3113
• Membership: means an interest in a corporation entitling the holder thereof to participate in the control of the corporation or to a pro rata share of its net assets upon dissolution. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Mentor: means any teacher qualified and selected pursuant to Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3772
• Mineral: means gas, oil, coal, other gaseous liquid and solid hydrocarbons, oil shale, cement material, sand and gravel, road material, building stone, chemical substance, gemstone, fissionable and nonfissionable ores, colloidal and other clay, steam and other geothermal resource, or any other substance defined as a mineral by the law of this state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Mineral proceeds: means amounts payable for the extraction, production, or sale of minerals, or, upon the abandonment of those payments, all payments that become payable thereafter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Money order: includes an express money order and a personal money order, on which the remitter is the purchaser. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Net assets: means the excess of assets over liabilities. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• New entity: means the entity into which constituent entities consolidate, as identified in the agreement or certificate of consolidation provided for in Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• New teacher: means any full time employee of a city or parish school board who is engaged to and does directly provide instruction to students, who holds a valid regular Louisiana teaching certificate, and who is engaged in his first year of teaching. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3772
• Niche: means a space in a columbarium used or intended to be used for inurnment of cremated human remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Nominated person: means a person whom the issuer (i) designates or authorizes to pay, accept, negotiate, or otherwise give value under a letter of credit and (ii) undertakes by agreement or custom and practice to reimburse. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• nonprofit corporation: means a corporation formed under this Chapter, as well as a corporation formed under the laws of this state before January 1, 1969 but of a class of corporations that might be formed under this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Operating agreement: means any agreement, written or oral, of the members as to, or in the case of a limited liability company having a single member, any written agreement between the member and the company memorializing the affairs of a limited liability company and the conduct of its business. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Owner: means a person to whom the cemetery authority has transferred full title to or the right of use of or interment in any cemetery space and who appears as the title holder in the official records of the cemetery authority. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Owner: means a person who has a legal or equitable interest in property subject to this Chapter or the person's legal representative. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Partnership: means a partnership formed under the laws of this state or a foreign partnership as defined in this Section. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• past due spousal support: means the amount of a delinquency determined under a court order under state law for support and maintenance of a spouse. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:325
• Person: means an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, trust, or any other legal entity. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Person: means an individual, business association, estate, trust, partnership, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Person: means a natural person, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, domestic or foreign limited liability company, joint venture, trust including a common law trust, business trust, statutory trust, voting trust, or any other form of trust, estate, or association. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Political subdivision: means a parish, municipality, and any other unit of local government, including a school board and a special district, authorized by law to perform governmental functions. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 18:581
• Presentation: means delivery of a document to an issuer or nominated person for honor or giving of value under a letter of credit. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Presenter: means a person making a presentation as or on behalf of a beneficiary or nominated person. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probate: Proving a will
• Program: means the Professional Growth Program created in this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3772
• Program: means a program limited to providing incentive pay to teachers for not using sick leave days. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3831
• property: means immovable property, including servitudes and other rights in or to immovable property. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 19:1
• property: means immovable property, including servitudes and other rights in or to immovable property, and any electric light, gas or waterworks plants. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 19:101
• Property: means a fixed and certain interest in intangible property that is held, issued, or owed in the course of a holder's business, or by a government or governmental entity, and all income or increments therefrom. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Reclassification of stock: means amendment of the articles to change the authorized number of shares of an existing class or series; to authorize shares of a new class or series; to change the designation, par value (including change of par-value shares to shares without par value or vice versa), preferences, limitations or relative rights, including cancellation or modification of the right to receive accumulated dividends which have not been declared, or variations in relative rights, of the issued, and authorized but unissued, shares of any existing class or series; or to change the issued shares of any existing class or series into a greater or smaller number of shares of the same class or series (subject to such changes as the reclassification may make in the designation, par value, preferences, limitations or relative rights, or variations in relative rights, thereof) or of another class or series, and to cancel any issued shares in connection with a reduction in the number thereof. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium, or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Registered office: means that office maintained by the corporation in this state, the address of which is kept on file in the office of the Secretary of State in the manner required by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• reuse: means the act of removing and disposing of a previously interred casket and the gathering and placing of human remains in an alternative container within the same cemetery space in order to accommodate additional interments. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Revocable trust: A trust agreement that can be canceled, rescinded, revoked, or repealed by the grantor (person who establishes the trust).
• Sale: means the sale of the full title to any cemetery space or the sale of the right of use of or interment in any cemetery space. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Secretary: means the secretary of the Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism or the person designated by the secretary to administer the provisions of this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:673
• Sexual abuse: includes but is not limited to acts which are prohibited by Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:362
• Share: means an interest in a corporation, represented by a stock certificate issued after payment for the shares represented thereby, entitling the holder thereof to participate in the control of the corporation or to a pro rata share of its net assets upon dissolution. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Shareholder: means a natural or artificial person who is the owner of a property interest in a corporation represented by a certificate for shares of stock. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Special Schools: includes all Louisiana special schools and all schools or educational programs in Special School Programs operated by the Special School District. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:43
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• State: means a state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• Stated capital: means the aggregate amount of:

  (a)  The aggregate allocated value of the issued shares; and

  (b)  Any other amounts transferred from surplus to stated capital; less

  (c)  Transfers from, or other reductions in, stated capital required or permitted by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201

• Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
• Subpoena duces tecum: A command to a witness to produce documents.
• Successor of a beneficiary: means a person who succeeds to substantially all of the rights of a beneficiary by operation of law, including a corporation with or into which the beneficiary has been merged or consolidated, an administrator, executor, personal representative, trustee in bankruptcy, debtor in possession, liquidator, and receiver. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Superintendent: means the superintendent of any city, parish, or other local public school district, the director of the Special School District, and the superintendent of the Recovery School District. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:4041
• Supervised visitation: means face-to-face contact between a parent and a child which occurs in the immediate presence of a supervising person approved by the court under conditions which prevent any physical abuse, threats, intimidation, abduction, or humiliation of either the abused parent or the child. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:362
• Surplus: means the excess of assets over liabilities plus stated capital. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Surviving entity: means the constituent entity surviving a merger, as identified in the agreement or certificate of merger provided for in Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:1301
• System: means any or the appropriate city or parish school board. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:3772
• teaching staff: shall include any social worker, school counselor, school nurse, audiologist, educational diagnostician, speech-language pathologist, or school psychologist employed by a special school who holds the appropriate valid professional ancillary certificate issued by the state Department of Education and who has served in the Special School District for the number of years required for probationary teachers to attain tenure. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:46
• Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
• Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.
• tomb: means a structure or building for the entombment of human remains in crypts or vaults in a place used or intended to be used, and dedicated, for cemetery purposes. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Total voting power: means the entirety of the voting power. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Treasury shares: means issued shares which have been acquired by and belong to the corporation, if not required by the articles to be cancelled, or if not cancelled by order of the board of directors. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trust instrument: includes any lawful act, agreement, donation, testament or other document, by which the donor, settlor or testator transfers any property in trust, for any charitable, religious, benevolent, educational, scientific or literary purpose, or public benefaction of whatever name or nature. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
• Unmarked burial site: means the immediate area where one or more human skeletal remains are found in the ground that is not in a recognized and maintained municipal, fraternal, religious, or family cemetery, or a cemetery authorized by the Louisiana Cemetery Board. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:673
• User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
• Utility: means a person who owns or operates for public use any plant, equipment, real property, franchise, or license for the transmission of communications or the production, storage, transmission, sale, delivery, or furnishing of electricity, water, steam, or gas. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:153
• vault: means a space in a mausoleum of sufficient size, used or intended to be used, to entomb human remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Voting member: means a person entitled to vote in accordance with the articles or by-laws. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Voting power: means the right vested, by law or by the articles or the by-laws, in the members, or in one or more classes of members, to vote in the determination of any particular question or matter coming before meetings of the members. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Waiver: means a waiver granted pursuant to and in accordance with this Chapter which exempts the recipient district from any provision of this Title or from any rule, regulation, or policy of the board that is applicable to public schools and to public school officers and employees. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:4041
• Writ of certiorari: An order issued by the Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case for which it will hear on appeal.