Terms Used In Louisiana Revised Statutes > Title 31 > Chapter 2 - The Landowner's Rights in Minerals

• Accumulated contributions: means the sum of all the amounts deducted from the compensation of a member and credited to his individual account in the annuity savings fund, together with regular interest thereon. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Advanced recycling: means a manufacturing process for the conversion of post-use polymers and recovered feedstocks into basic raw materials, feedstocks, chemicals, and other products through processes that include pyrolysis, gasification, depolymerization, catalytic cracking, reforming, hydrogenation, solvolysis, chemolysis, and other similar technologies. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Advanced recycling facility: means a manufacturing facility that receives, stores, and converts post-use polymers and recovered feedstocks it receives using advanced recycling. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Agency: means any governing body employing persons in the public school system. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Agency: means any state office, department, board, commission, institution, division, officer or other person, or functional group, heretofore existing or hereafter created, that is authorized to exercise, or that does exercise, any functions of the government of the state in the executive branch, but not any governing body or officer of any local government or subdivision of the state, or any parochial officer who exercises functions coterminous with the municipality in which he performs those functions. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 39:2
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Assistant secretary: means the assistant secretary to whom a given function or responsibility has been allocated by this Subtitle or delegated by the secretary. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2004
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Authorized person: means :

  (a)  Employees or electrical or communication contractors or other contractors employed for the maintenance of electric lines of an electric public utility with respect to the electrical system owned or operated by such electric public utility; employees or electrical or communication contractors or other contractors employed for the maintenance of electric lines of an electric cooperative with respect to the electrical system owned or operated by such cooperative; employees or electrical or communication contractors or other contractors employed for the maintenance of electric lines of a municipality or other public entity with respect to the electrical system owned or operated by such municipality or other public entity; and the employees of a transportation system with respect to the electrical circuits of such system. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 45:141

• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Board of commissioners: means a group of persons appointed under the provisions of law to exercise certain authorities over and have oversight and control of a levee district or levee and drainage district. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 38:281
• Board of Trustees: means the board provided to administer the retirement system. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Board of trustees: means and includes the members of the board of trustees of the retirement system. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:951.1
• Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
• Commissioner: means the Louisiana commissioner of agriculture and forestry. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 3:921
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Cost-sharing: means the portion of the cost of a covered medical service that must be paid by or on behalf of eligible individuals, consisting of copayments or coinsurance, but not deductibles. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:979.2
• Covered produce farm: means any farm engaged in the growing, harvesting, packing, or holding of produce for human consumption which is subject to the requirements of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act, but shall not include farms that have twenty-five thousand dollars or less of gross income from sales of produce in a year. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 3:921
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Department: means the Department of Children and Family Services or the Louisiana Department of Health. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:1
• Department: shall mean the Louisiana Department of Health. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:978.1
• Department: means the Louisiana Department of Health. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:979.2
• Department: means the Department of Environmental Quality. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2004
• Department: means the Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 3:921
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Depolymerization: means a manufacturing process through which post-use polymers are broken down into smaller molecules such as monomers and oligomers or raw, intermediate, or final products, plastics, plastic and chemical feedstocks, basic and unfinished chemicals, waxes, lubricants, and coatings. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• Discharge: means the placing, releasing, spilling, percolating, draining, pumping, leaking, seeping, emitting, or other escaping of pollutants into the air, waters, subsurface water, or ground as the result of a prior act or omission; or the placing of pollutants into pits, drums, barrels, or similar containers under conditions and circumstances that leaking, seeping, draining, or escaping of the pollutants can be reasonably anticipated. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2004
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Disposal: means the discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, spilling, leaking, or placing of any hazardous waste into or on any land or water so that such waste, or any constituent thereof, may enter the environment or be emitted into the air or discharged into any waters, including ground waters. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2173
• Efficiency: means cost-effectiveness or productivity relative to achievement of an objective. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 39:2
• electric public utility: as used in this Chapter means any person furnishing electric service within this state, the parish of Orleans excepted, including any electric cooperative transacting business in this state, provided, however, that said term shall not be construed to apply to any person owning, leasing and/or operating an electric generation facility provided such person is not primarily engaged in the generation, transmission, distribution, and/or sale of electricity, and provided that such person:  (a) consumes all of the electric power and energy generated by such facility for its own use at the site of generation or at some other location if mutually acceptable agreements to transport such electric power and energy can be reached with each electric public utility whose transmission facilities would be electrically utilized therefor, provided, however, notwithstanding any provision contained herein, there shall be no obligation or duty, expressed or implied, to purchase, to sell, to transport, or to engage in any other type of transaction with respect to the electric power and energy that may be generated by such person, imposed upon any public utility by this Section except as shall be provided in the cogeneration rules and regulations adopted by the Louisiana Public Service Commission pursuant to the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978; or, (b) only consumes a portion thereof in such manner and sells the entire remaining portion of such electric power and energy generated to an electric public utility as herein defined; or, (c) sells the entire production of electric power and energy generated by such facility to an electric public utility as herein defined. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 45:121
• Emergency: means any condition existing outside of the bounds of nuclear operating sites owned or licensed by a federal agency, and any condition existing within or outside of the jurisdictional confines of a facility licensed or registered by the department and arising from the presence of byproduct material, source material, special nuclear material, or any other radioactive material, or source of radiation, which is endangering or could reasonably be expected to endanger the health and safety of the public or to contaminate the environment. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Employee: means any person legally occupying a position as a school bus driver who actually renders a service by driving a school bus during the full time of his employment, a school janitor, a school custodian, a school maintenance employee, school bus aide, monitor or attendant, or other regular school employee who actually works on a school bus helping with the transportation of school children, and who is a legal employee of a parish or city school board of the state of Louisiana, and shall include the employees of this system. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Enrolled bill: The final copy of a bill or joint resolution which has passed both chambers in identical form. It is printed on parchment paper, signed by appropriate officials, and submitted to the President/Governor for signature.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Expenses: means amounts represented by cash paid out or by obligations to pay cash or partly by each for maintaining and operating government services. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 39:2
• Facility: means a pollution source or any public or private property or facility where an activity is conducted which is required to be regulated under this Subtitle and which does or has the potential to do any of the following:

              (a) Emit air contaminants into the atmosphere. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2004

• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Fund: means an independent fiscal and accounting entity with a self-balancing set of accounts recording cash or other resources together with all related liabilities, obligations, reserves, and equities which are segregated for the purpose of carrying on specific activities or attaining certain objectives in accordance with regulations, restrictions, and limitations. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 39:2
• Gasification: means a manufacturing process through which post-use polymers or recovered feedstocks are heated in an oxygen-controlled atmosphere and converted into syngas, which is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, followed by conversion into valuable raw, intermediate, and final products, including but not limited to plastic monomers, chemicals, waxes, lubricants, and chemical feedstocks, that are returned to economic utility in the form of raw materials or products. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Hazardous waste: means any waste, or combination of wastes, which because of its quantity, concentration, physical, or chemical characteristics may cause or significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness, or pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported, disposed of, or otherwise managed. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2173
• High voltage: means a voltage in excess of six hundred volts between conductors, or between any conductor and the ground. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 45:141
• High-level waste: means that waste resulting from the reprocessing of spent fuel rods or unreprocessed spent fuel rods. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Levee and drainage district: means a political subdivision of this state organized for the purpose and charged with the duty of constructing and maintaining levees, drainage, and all other things incidental thereto within its territorial limits. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 38:281
• Levee district: means a political subdivision of this state organized for the purpose and charged with the duty of constructing and maintaining levees, and all other things incidental thereto within its territorial limits. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 38:281
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Liability: means a debt arising out of a transaction where goods or services have been received or rendered which must be liquidated, renewed, or refunded at some future date. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 39:2
• Licensee: means any person who is licensed by the department in accordance with this Chapter and regulations promulgated by the secretary. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Manifest: means the system and forms used for identifying the quantity, composition, origin, routing, and destination of hazardous wastes during its transportation from the point of generation to any point of disposal, treatment, or storage. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2173
• Mass balance attribution: means a chain of custody accounting methodology with rules defined by a third-party certification system that enables the attribution of the mass of advanced recycling feedstocks to one or more advanced recycling products. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Medicaid: means the medical assistance program provided for in Title XIX of the Social Security Act. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:979.2
• Meeting: means a duly called meeting of the membership of a board when payment of per diem is authorized and such meeting is called for the express purpose of discussing activities or plans pertinent to the functions of the levee board itself. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 38:281
• Member: means any teacher included in the membership of the system as provided in Part II of this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:701
• Member: means any school employee, as defined in Paragraph (13) of this Section, as provided in Part II of this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Membership service: means service as an employee rendered while a member of the retirement system. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
• NORM waste: means solid, liquid, or gaseous material or a combination of materials, excluding source material, special nuclear material, and byproduct material that has the following characteristics or qualities:

  (a)  Spontaneously emits radiation in its natural physical state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103

• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Orleans Levee District: shall mean the levee district and political subdivision of the state which is referred to as the "Orleans Levee District" the "Board of Commissioners of the Orleans Levee District" or the "Orleans Levee Board". See Louisiana Revised Statutes 38:281
• Overhead line: means all bare or insulated electrical conductors installed above ground, except those conductors that are de-energized and grounded or that are enclosed in rigid metallic conduits. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 45:141
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Person: means an individual or any legal or commercial entity, including a corporation, business trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, or joint venture. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 3:1
• Person: means any individual, municipality, public or private corporation, partnership, firm, the United States Government, and any agent or subdivision thereof or any other juridical person, which shall include, but not be limited to, trusts, joint stock companies, associations, the state of Louisiana, political subdivisions of the state of Louisiana, commissions, and interstate bodies. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2004
• Person: means any individual, corporation, partnership, firm, association, trust, estate, public or private institution, group, agency, political subdivision of this state, any other state or political subdivision or agency thereof, and any legal successor, representative, agent, or agency of the foregoing, other than the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission or federal government agencies licensed by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plan: means the Louisiana First America Next Freedom and Empowerment Plan established by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:979.2
• Post-use polymer: means a plastic to which all of the following apply:

              (a) The plastic is derived from any industrial, commercial, agricultural, or domestic activities and includes pre-consumer recovered materials or post-consumer materials. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153

• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Prior service: means service rendered prior to July 1, 1947, for which credit is allowable under Part III of this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Produce: means any food that is defined as such within the meaning of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act and is a raw agricultural commodity, including raw agricultural commodities that are grown domestically or imported or offered for sale in Louisiana. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 3:921
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Pyrolysis: means a manufacturing process through which post-use polymers or recovered feedstocks are heated in the absence of oxygen until melted and thermally decomposed, non-catalytically or catalytically, and are then cooled, condensed, and converted into valuable raw materials and intermediate and final products, including but not limited to plastic monomers, chemicals, naphtha, waxes, and plastic and chemical feedstocks that are returned to economic utility in the form of raw materials or products. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Radiation: means any electromagnetic or ionizing radiation including gamma rays and x-rays, alpha and beta particles, high-speed electrons, neutrons, protons, and other nuclear particles, but does not include sound waves. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Radioactive material: means any material, whether solid, liquid, or gas, which emits radiation spontaneously. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Radioactive waste: means radioactive material, other than exploration and production waste as defined in LAC 43:XIX. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Recipient: means the person who has received assistance under this Title. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:1
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Resource recovery: means the process by which materials, excluding those under control of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, which still have useful physical or chemical properties after serving a specific purpose are reused or recycled for the same or other purposes, including uses as an energy source. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Retirement: means withdrawal from active service with a retirement allowance granted under the provisions of this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Retirement: means withdrawal from active service with a retirement allowance allowable under the provisions of this Part. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:951.1
• Retirement allowance: means the sum of annuity and the pensions or any optional benefit payable in lieu thereof. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Retirement system: means the Louisiana School Employees Retirement System established and described in Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:1002
• Retirement system: means the corporation known as the Orleans Parish School Employees' Retirement System established in Louisiana Revised Statutes 11:951.1
• Sanitary landfill: means a controlled area of land upon which nonhazardous solid waste is deposited in such a manner that protects the environment with no on-site burning of wastes, and so located, contoured, and drained that it will not constitute a source of water pollution. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Secretary: means the secretary of the Louisiana Department of Health. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:979.2
• Secretary: means the secretary of the Department of Environmental Quality. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2004
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Solid waste: means any garbage, refuse, sludge from a waste treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility, and other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semi-solid, or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, and agricultural operations, and from community activities, but does not include or mean solid or dissolved material in domestic sewage or solid or dissolved materials in irrigation return flows or industrial discharges which are point sources subject to permits under Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Solid waste disposal facility: means any land area or structure or combination of land areas and structures, used for storing, salvaging, processing, reducing, incinerating, or disposing of solid wastes, excluding any "processing, treatment, or disposal facility" as defined in Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Solvolysis: means a manufacturing process through which post-use polymers are purified with the aid of solvents while heated at low temperatures or heated at low temperatures and pressurized to make useful products, while allowing additives and contaminants to be removed. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Source of radiation: means any radioactive material or any device or equipment emitting or capable of producing radiation. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Specific license: means a license issued after application to the department to use, manufacture, produce, transfer, receive, acquire, own, or possess quantities of, or devices or equipment utilizing, byproduct, source, or special nuclear materials, technologically enhanced natural radioactive material, or other radioactive material occurring naturally or produced artificially. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2103
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Storage: means the containment of hazardous waste on a temporary basis, for such time as may be permitted by regulations, in such a manner as not to constitute disposal of such hazardous waste. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2173
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Surplus: means the excess for any fiscal year of the actual monies received and any monies or balances carried forward over the actual expenditures paid by warrant or transfer for any fund at the close of the fiscal year as such are reported by the office of statewide reporting within the division of administration. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 39:2
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Third-party certification system: means an international and multinational third-party certification system which consists of a set of rules for the implementation of mass balance attribution approaches for advanced recycling of materials. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2153
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Transfer facility: means any transportation-related facility designed and constructed to be used exclusively for the handling of regulated hazardous wastes including loading docks, parking areas, storage areas, and other similar areas where shipments of hazardous waste are held during the normal course of transportation. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2173
• Transportation: means the movement of hazardous wastes from the point of generation or storage to the point of treatment, storage, or disposal by any means of commercial or private transport. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2173
• Treatment: means any method, technique, or process, including neutralization, designed to change the physical, chemical, or biological character or composition of any hazardous waste so as to neutralize such waste or render it nonhazardous, safer for transport, amenable for recovery or storage, or reduced in volume. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2173
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Variance: means a special authorization granted to a person for a limited period of time which allows that person a specified date for compliance with a requirement pursuant to the provisions of this Subtitle. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2004
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.
• Violation: means a failure to comply with the requirements of this Subtitle, the rules issued under this Subtitle, and conditions of permits under this Subtitle. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2004
• Waste: means any garbage, refuse, sludge from a waste treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility, and other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semisolid, or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, or agricultural operations, and from community activities, but does not include solid or dissolved material in domestic sewage, or solid or dissolved materials in irrigation return flows or industrial discharges which are point sources subject to permits under Louisiana Revised Statutes 30:2173
• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.
• Writ of certiorari: An order issued by the Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case for which it will hear on appeal.