Michigan Laws > Chapter 500 > Act 218 of 1956 > Chapter 30 – Casualty Insurance Contracts
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Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 500 > Act 218 of 1956 > Chapter 30 - Casualty Insurance Contracts
- Adjacent: includes any highway, or portion of a highway, lying within 5 rods of the shore of any lake or the general course of any stream. See Michigan Laws 247.46
- Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
- Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
- Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
- Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
- Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
- Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
- Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
- Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
- Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
- Career and technical preparation program: means a program that teaches a trade, occupation, or vocation and that is operated by an eligible postsecondary educational institution located in this state. See Michigan Laws 388.1903
- Case law: The law as laid down in cases that have been decided in the decisions of the courts.
- Center: means the center for educational performance and information created in section 94a. See Michigan Laws 388.1802a
- Center: means the center for educational performance and information created in section 94a. See Michigan Laws 388.1837b
- Chambers: A judge's office.
- College level equivalent credit examination: means an examination that is administered by an independent testing service and that is used by colleges and universities generally to award postsecondary credit for achievement of a particular score, and includes, but is not limited to, advanced placement examinations, the DANTES Subject Standardized Test (DSST), and college-level examination program (CLEP) examinations. See Michigan Laws 388.1802a
- College level equivalent credit examination: means an examination that is administered by an independent testing service and that is used by colleges and universities generally to award postsecondary credit for achievement of a particular score, and includes, but is not limited to, advanced placement examinations, the DANTES Subject Standardized Test (DSST), and college-level examination program (CLEP) examinations. See Michigan Laws 388.1837b
- commission: means the state transportation commission established in section 28 of article V of the state constitution of 1963. See Michigan Laws 247.660c
- Commissioner: means the director. See Michigan Laws 500.102
- Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
- Community college: means a community college established under the community college act of 1966, 1966 PA 331, MCL 389. See Michigan Laws 388.1903
- Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
- Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
- Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Crashworthy: means that term as defined in the Michigan manual on uniform traffic control devices. See Michigan Laws 247.291b
- Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
- Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
- Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
- Department: means the state transportation department. See Michigan Laws 247.401
- Department: means the department of education. See Michigan Laws 388.1903
- Department: means the department of insurance and financial services. See Michigan Laws 500.102
- Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
- Devise: To gift property by will.
- Director: means , unless the context clearly implies a different meaning, the director of the department. See Michigan Laws 500.102
- Driveway: means a driveway, lane, road or any other way providing vehicular access to or from the highway from or to property adjoining the highway but does not mean a city or village street or other highway covered by the provisions of Act No. See Michigan Laws 247.321
- Eligible attraction: means a tourist-oriented activity that is all of the following:
(i) Within 10 miles of the rural road for which a tourist-oriented directional sign is sought, unless otherwise restricted or permitted by the department. See Michigan Laws 247.401Eligible charges: means tuition and mandatory course fees, material fees, and registration fees required by a career and technical preparation program for enrollment in an eligible course. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 Eligible course: means a course offered by a career and technical preparation program that is offered for postsecondary credit or is part of a noncredit occupational training program leading to an industry-recognized credential; that is not offered through the school district, intermediate school district, area vocational-technical education program, or state approved nonpublic school in which the eligible student is enrolled, or that is offered through the school district, intermediate school district, area vocational-technical education program, or state approved nonpublic school but is determined by its governing board to not be available to the eligible student because of a scheduling conflict beyond the eligible student's control; that is a career and technical preparation course not ordinarily taken as an activity course; that is a course that the career and technical preparation program normally applies toward satisfaction of certificate, degree, or program completion requirements; that is offered in whole or in part when the school district or state approved nonpublic school is in session or, if approved by the school district or state approved nonpublic school, that is offered in whole when the school district or state approved nonpublic school is not in session; and that is not a hobby, craft, or recreational course. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 Eligible postsecondary educational institution: means a state university, community college, or independent nonprofit degree-granting college or university that is located in this state and that chooses to comply with this act. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 Eligible student: means a student enrolled in a high school in a school district or state approved nonpublic school in this state, except a foreign exchange pupil enrolled under a cultural exchange program or a student who does not have at least 1 parent or legal guardian who is a resident of this state. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other. Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it. Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006. Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. Source: OCC Freeway: means that term as defined in section 18a of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 247.291b Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value. Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs. High-occupancy vehicle: means that term as defined in section 20b of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 247.651 Highway: includes , where applicable, local roads or streets. See Michigan Laws 247.46 Highway: includes roads and streets. See Michigan Laws 247.291b Highway: means a state trunk line highway or a county road including the entire right of way. See Michigan Laws 247.321 Highway: means every way or place of whatever nature open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel in this state. See Michigan Laws 247.331 Highway authority: means the department of state highways in the case of state trunk line highways, and the board of county road commissioners in the case of county roads. See Michigan Laws 247.321 in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q Insurer: means an individual, corporation, association, partnership, reciprocal exchange, inter-insurer, Lloyds organization, fraternal benefit society, or other legal entity, engaged or attempting to engage in the business of making insurance or surety contracts. See Michigan Laws 500.106 Intermediate school district: means that term as defined in section 4 of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto). Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity. Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt. Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants. Maintenance: means routine maintenance or preventive maintenance, or both. See Michigan Laws 247.660c Michigan manual on uniform traffic control devices: means the manual on uniform traffic control devices adopted under section 608 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 247.291b Michigan merit examination: means that examination developed under section 1279g of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan. Municipality: means any city or incorporated village. See Michigan Laws 247.331 Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period. Participating college: means a community college that is a reporting unit of the retirement system and that reports employees to the retirement system for the state fiscal year. See Michigan Laws 388.1802a Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses. person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l Personal property: All property that is not real property. Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way. Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government. Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide. Qualifying score: means a score on a readiness assessment or on a nationally or industry-recognized job skills assessment test that has been determined by the superintendent of public instruction to indicate readiness to enroll in a course under this act. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 Rate: means the cost of insurance per payroll before adjustment for an individual insured's size, exposure, or loss experience. See Michigan Laws 500.2402 Readiness assessment: means assessment instruments that are aligned with state learning standards; that are used nationally to provide high school students with an early indication of college readiness proficiency in English, mathematics, reading, social studies, and science and may contain a comprehensive career planning program; and that are approved by the superintendent of public instruction for the purposes of this act. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land. Regional transit authority: means an authority created under the regional transit authority act. See Michigan Laws 247.660c Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant. Retirement system: means the Michigan public school employees' retirement system under the public school employees retirement act of 1979, 1980 PA 300, MCL 38. See Michigan Laws 388.1802a Rural road: means a highway as that term is defined in section 20 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 247.401 School district: means that term as defined in section 6 of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o State agency: means any department, agency or instrumentality of the state or of a political subdivision of the state; a combination thereof or a corporation within the state which has the power of eminent domain. See Michigan Laws 213.321 State approved nonpublic school: means that term as defined in section 6 of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 State university: means a state institution of higher education described in section 4, 5, or 6 of article VIII of the state constitution of 1963. See Michigan Laws 388.1903 Statute: A law passed by a legislature. Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system. Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries. Tourist-oriented activity: means a lawful cultural, historical, recreational, educational, or commercial activity that is annually attended by 2,000 or more people and for which a major portion of the activity's income or visitors are derived during the normal business season from motorists not residing in the immediate area of the activity. See Michigan Laws 247.401 Tourist-oriented directional sign: means a sign used to provide motorists with advanced notice of a tourist-oriented activity. See Michigan Laws 247.401 Traffic control devices: means that term as defined in section 70 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 247.651 Traffic control order: means that term as defined in section 71 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 247.651 Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition. Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence. United States: shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge. Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.