Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 54 > Act 81 of 2022 - Michigan-Indiana State Line Remonumentation Act

• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Bureau: means the bureau of automotive regulation. See Michigan Laws 570.302
• Chambers: A judge's office.
• Commission: means the Michigan-Indiana state line commission established in section 5(1). See Michigan Laws 54.313
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• County peer review group: means a county peer review group appointed under section 9b of the state survey and remonumentation act, 1990 PA 345, MCL 54. See Michigan Laws 54.313
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Default: means the failure to pay obligations incurred for labor, repairs, maintenance services, materials, supplies, or the storage of a boat, boat motor, boat cradle, or boat trailer. See Michigan Laws 570.372
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Department: means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs. See Michigan Laws 54.313
• Department: means the department of state. See Michigan Laws 570.302
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• Election: means an election or primary election at which the electors of this state or of a subdivision of this state choose or nominate by ballot an individual for public office or decide a ballot question lawfully submitted to them. See Michigan Laws 168.2
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Facility: means a marina, boatyard, boat or yacht club, or marine repair facility that provides, as part of its commercial operation, for the storage or repair of boats, boat motors, boat cradles, or boat trailers. See Michigan Laws 570.372
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
• Garage keeper: means a person or the person's heir, personal representative, successor, assignee, or authorized agent who for hire or reward, publicly offers to maintain or repair a vehicle or an accessory used in the operation of a vehicle or to furnish accessories and supplies for a vehicle or an accessory used in the operation of a vehicle. See Michigan Laws 570.302
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Immediate jeopardy: means that term as defined in the "state operations manual" published by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. See Michigan Laws 333.22101
• in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q
• Informal dispute resolution process: means the process described in section 22115. See Michigan Laws 333.22101
• Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Last known address: means the address provided by the owner in the most recent contract for storage, labor, material, or supplies entered into between the garage keeper and the owner, or in a subsequent written notice of change of address to the garage keeper or as shown by the records of the department. See Michigan Laws 570.302
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Lienholder: means any person or legal entity that is noted on the motor vehicle certificate of title as a lienholder, or, if the motor vehicle certificate of title contains the term lessee, the person or legal entity that is noted on the motor vehicle certificate of title as the lessor or as shown by the records of the department. See Michigan Laws 570.302
• lienholder of record: means a person to whom either of the following applies: