Terms Used In Minnesota Statutes > Chapter 122A > LICENSURE

• Adult: means an individual 18 years of age or older. See Minnesota Statutes 645.451
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• Agricultural alcohol gasoline: means a gasoline-ethanol blend satisfying the provisions of section 239. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Aircraft: means any contrivance, now or hereafter invented, used or designed for navigation of or flight in the air. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Alternative fuel: means natural gas; liquefied petroleum gas; hydrogen; coal-derived liquefied fuels; electricity; methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols; mixtures containing 85 percent or more, or other percentage as may be set by regulation by Secretary of the United States Department of Energy, by volume of methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols with gasoline or other fuels; fuels other than alcohol that are derived from biological materials; and other fuels that the Secretary of the United States Department of Energy determines by regulation to be an alternative fuel within the meaning of section 301(2) of the National Energy Policy Act of 1992 and intended for use in motor vehicles. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• ASTM: means the American Society for Testing and Materials, which is a private organization that utilizes committees of industry representatives and regulators to develop product quality standards and test methods to be used by industries, regulatory agencies, and purchasing agents. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Aviation gasoline: means any gasoline that is used to produce or generate power for propelling internal combustion engine aircraft. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• bingo: means the game of bingo as defined in section 349. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Bulk purchaser: means any person not principally engaged in buying and selling petroleum products or combustible gases who receives special fuel for storage and subsequent delivery into the supply tank of an aircraft or a licensed motor vehicle operated by the person. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• bulk storage facility: means a single property, or contiguous or adjacent properties used for a common purpose and owned or operated by the same person, on or in which are located one or more stationary tanks that are used singularly or in combination for the storage or containment of more than 1,100 gallons of petroleum. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses.
• Chair: includes chairman, chairwoman, and chairperson. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• children: includes children by birth or adoption;

  (9) "day" comprises the time from midnight to the next midnight;

  (10) "fiscal year" means the year by or for which accounts are reckoned;

  (11) "hereafter" means a reference to the time after the time when the law containing such word takes effect;

  (12) "heretofore" means a reference to the time previous to the time when the law containing such word takes effect;

  (13) "judicial sale" means a sale conducted by an officer or person authorized for the purpose by some competent tribunal;

  (14) "minor" means an individual under the age of 18 years;

  (15) "money" means lawful money of the United States;

  (16) "night time" means the time from sunset to sunrise;

  (17) "non compos mentis" refers to an individual of unsound mind;

  (18) "notary" means a notary public;

  (19) "now" in any provision of a law referring to other laws in force, or to persons in office, or to any facts or circumstances as existing, relates to the laws in force, or to the persons in office, or to the facts or circumstances existing, respectively, on the effective date of such provision;

  (20) "verified" when used in reference to writings, means supported by oath or affirmation. See Minnesota Statutes 645.45

• Claimant: means a person, other than a dependent, as defined under sections 151 and 152 of the Internal Revenue Code disregarding section 152(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, who filed a claim authorized by this chapter and who was a resident of this state as provided in chapter 290 during the calendar year for which the claim for relief was filed. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• CNG: means natural gas, primarily methane, condensed under high pressure and stored in specially designed storage tanks at between 2,000 and 3,600 pounds per square inch. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Commissioner: means the commissioner of revenue of the state of Minnesota. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Commissioner: means the commissioner of revenue or any person to whom the commissioner has delegated functions under this chapter. See Minnesota Statutes 291.005
• Commissioner: means the commissioner of revenue. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Commissioner: means the commissioner of revenue or a person to whom the commissioner has delegated functions. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• contraband: means all of the items listed in section 349. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• court administrator: means the court administrator of the court in which the action or proceeding is pending, and "court administrator's office" means that court administrator's office. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Dealer: means any person, except a distributor, engaged in the business of buying and selling gasoline and other petroleum products in this state. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Dealer of aviation gasoline: means any person who sells gasoline on the premises of an airport as defined under section 360. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Dependent: means any person who is considered a dependent under sections 151 and 152 of the Internal Revenue Code. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Devise: To gift property by will.
• Disability: means :

  (a) Inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months, or

  (b) Blindness; and the term "blindness" means central acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye with the use of a correcting lens. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03

• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Distributor: means any person who (1) receives petroleum products in this state for storage and subsequent distribution by tank car or tank truck or both, (2) produces, manufactures, or refines petroleum products in this state, or (3) imports petroleum products into this state via boat, barge, or pipeline for storage and subsequent delivery at or further transportation from boat, barge, or pipe line terminals in this state. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Distributor: means a distributor as defined in section 349. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Dyed fuel: means motor fuel to which indelible dye has been added, either before or upon withdrawal at a terminal or refinery rack, and which may be sold for exempt purposes. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• EPA: means the United States Environmental Protection Agency. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• estimated market value: has the meaning given in section 273. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• ETBE: means ethyl tertiary butyl ether, or the equivalent term tert-butyl ethyl ether. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• exemption amount: means the exemption amount under section 290. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• federal adjusted gross income: shall mean federal adjusted gross income reflected in the fiscal year ending in the calendar year. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Federal gross estate: means the gross estate of a decedent as required to be valued and otherwise determined for federal estate tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code, increased by the value of any property in which the decedent had a qualifying income interest for life and for which an election was made under section 291. See Minnesota Statutes 291.005
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fiscal year: means the period from July 1 to June 30. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• For use in motor vehicles: means for use in producing or generating power for propelling motor vehicles on the public highways of this state or in machinery operated on the public highways of this state for the purpose of constructing, reconstructing, or maintaining those public highways. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Gambling product: means bingo hard cards, bingo paper sheets, linked bingo paper sheets, or electronic linked bingo games; pull-tabs; electronic pull-tab games; tipboards; paddle tickets and paddle ticket cards; raffle tickets; or any other ticket, card, board, placard, device, or token that represents a chance, for which consideration is paid, to win a prize. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Gasoline: means :

  (1) all products commonly or commercially known or sold as gasoline regardless of their classification or uses, except casinghead gasoline, absorption gasoline, condensation gasoline, drip gasoline, or natural gasoline that under the requirements of section 239. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01

• Gasoline blended with ethanol: means a gasoline-ethanol blend satisfying the provisions of section 239. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Gross estate: The total fair market value of all property and property interests, real and personal, tangible and intangible, of which a decedent had beneficial ownership at the time of death before subtractions for deductions, debts, administrative expenses, and casualty losses suffered during estate administration.
• Gross receipts: means all receipts derived from lawful gambling activity including, but not limited to, the following items:

  (1) gross sales of bingo hard cards, paper sheets, linked bingo paper sheets, and electronic linked bingo games before reduction for prizes, expenses, shortages, free plays, or any other charges or offsets;

  (2) the ideal gross of pull-tab, electronic pull-tab games, and tipboard deals or games less the value of unsold and defective tickets and before reduction for prizes, expenses, shortages, free plays, or any other charges or offsets;

  (3) gross sales of raffle tickets and paddle tickets before reduction for prizes, expenses, shortages, free plays, or any other charges or offsets;

  (4) admission, commission, cover, or other charges imposed on participants in lawful gambling activity as a condition for or cost of participation; and

  (5) interest, dividends, annuities, profit from transactions, or other income derived from the accumulation or use of gambling proceeds. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01

• Gross rent: means rent paid for the right of occupancy, at arm's length, of a site on which a homestead which is a manufactured home is located. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Highway: means the entire width between the boundary lines of every way publicly maintained when part of the way is open for the public. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Holiday: includes New Year's Day, January 1; Martin Luther King's Birthday, the third Monday in January; Washington's and Lincoln's Birthday, the third Monday in February; Memorial Day, the last Monday in May; Juneteenth, June 19; Independence Day, July 4; Labor Day, the first Monday in September; Indigenous Peoples Day, the second Monday in October; Veterans Day, November 11; Thanksgiving Day, the fourth Thursday in November; and Christmas Day, December 25; provided, when New Year's Day, January 1; or Juneteenth, June 19; or Independence Day, July 4; or Veterans Day, November 11; or Christmas Day, December 25; falls on Sunday, the following day shall be a holiday and, provided, when New Year's Day, January 1; or Juneteenth, June 19; or Independence Day, July 4; or Veterans Day, November 11; or Christmas Day, December 25; falls on Saturday, the preceding day shall be a holiday. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Homestead: means the dwelling occupied as the claimant's principal residence and so much of the land surrounding it, not exceeding ten acres, as is reasonably necessary for use of the dwelling as a home and any other property used for purposes of a homestead as defined in section 273. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Household: means a claimant and an individual related to the claimant as the claimant's spouse who are domiciled in the same homestead. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Household income: means all income received by all persons of a household in a calendar year while members of the household, other than income of a dependent. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Ideal gross: means the total amount of receipts that would be received if every individual ticket in the pull-tab, electronic pull-tab games or tipboard deal, paddlewheel game, and raffle ticket was sold at its face value. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• In forma pauperis: In the manner of a pauper. Permission given to a person to sue without payment of court fees on claim of indigence or poverty.
• Income: means the sum of the following:

  (1) federal adjusted gross income as defined in the Internal Revenue Code; and

  (2) the sum of the following amounts to the extent not included in clause (1):

  (i) all nontaxable income;

  (ii) the amount of a passive activity loss that is not disallowed as a result of section 469, paragraph (i) or (m) of the Internal Revenue Code and the amount of passive activity loss carryover allowed under section 469(b) of the Internal Revenue Code;

  (iii) an amount equal to the total of any discharge of qualified farm indebtedness of a solvent individual excluded from gross income under section 108(g) of the Internal Revenue Code;

  (iv) cash public assistance and relief;

  (v) any pension or annuity (including railroad retirement benefits, all payments received under the federal Social Security Act, Supplemental Security Income, and veterans benefits), which was not exclusively funded by the claimant or spouse, or which was funded exclusively by the claimant or spouse and which funding payments were excluded from federal adjusted gross income in the years when the payments were made;

  (vi) interest received from the federal or a state government or any instrumentality or political subdivision thereof;

  (vii) workers' compensation;

  (viii) nontaxable strike benefits;

  (ix) the gross amounts of payments received in the nature of disability income or sick pay as a result of accident, sickness, or other disability, whether funded through insurance or otherwise;

  (x) a lump-sum distribution under section 402(e)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended through December 31, 1995;

  (xi) contributions made by the claimant to an individual retirement account, including a qualified voluntary employee contribution; simplified employee pension plan; self-employed retirement plan; cash or deferred arrangement plan under section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code; or deferred compensation plan under section 457 of the Internal Revenue Code, to the extent the sum of amounts exceeds the retirement base amount for the claimant and spouse;

  (xii) to the extent not included in federal adjusted gross income, distributions received by the claimant or spouse from a traditional or Roth style retirement account or plan;

  (xiii) nontaxable scholarship or fellowship grants;

  (xiv) alimony received to the extent not included in the recipient's income;

  (xv) the amount of deduction allowed under section 220 or 223 of the Internal Revenue Code;

  (xvi) the amount deducted for tuition expenses under section 222 of the Internal Revenue Code; and

  (xvii) the amount deducted for certain expenses of elementary and secondary school teachers under section 62(a)(2)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03

• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Internal Revenue Code: means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended through May 1, 2023. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Internal Revenue Code: means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended through May 1, 2023. See Minnesota Statutes 291.005
• Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Kerosene: means a refined petroleum distillate consisting of a homogeneous mixture of hydrocarbons essentially free of water, inorganic acidic and basic compounds, and excessive amounts of particulate contaminants and that meets the specifications in ASTM specification D3699-08. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
• Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto).
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Licensed motor vehicle: means (1) any vehicle subject to a motor vehicle registration in which the power is produced with any fuel in an internal combustion engine, and (2) any motor vehicle not subject to a motor vehicle registration on which is mounted a corn shelling, feed grinding, well drilling, or sawing machine. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Linked bingo game: means a bingo game played at two or more locations where licensed organizations are authorized to conduct bingo, when there is a common prize pool and a common selection of numbers or symbols conducted at one location, and when the results of the selection are transmitted to all participating locations by satellite, telephone, or other means by a linked bingo game provider. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Linked bingo game provider: means any person who provides the means to link bingo prizes in a linked bingo game, who provides linked bingo paper sheets to the participating organizations, who provides linked bingo prize management, and who provides the linked bingo game system. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• LNG: means natural gas, primarily methane, which has been condensed through a cryogenic cooling process and is stored in special pressurized and insulated storage tanks. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Majority: means with respect to an individual the period of time after the individual reaches the age of 18. See Minnesota Statutes 645.451
• Manufactured home: means homesteads that are manufactured homes as defined in section 273. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Manufacturer: means a manufacturer as defined in section 349. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Marine gasoline: means gasoline used in producing and generating power for propelling motorboats used on the waters of this state. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Minnesota gross estate: means the federal gross estate of a decedent after (a) excluding therefrom any property included in the estate which has its situs outside Minnesota, and (b) including any property omitted from the federal gross estate which is includable in the estate, has its situs in Minnesota, and was not disclosed to federal taxing authorities. See Minnesota Statutes 291.005
• Minor: means an individual under the age of 18. See Minnesota Statutes 645.451
• Minority: means with respect to an individual the period of time during which the individual is a minor. See Minnesota Statutes 645.451
• Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year, unless otherwise expressed; and "year" is equivalent to the expression "year of our Lord. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• Motor fuel: means a liquid or gaseous form of fuel, regardless of its composition or properties, used to propel a motor vehicle. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Motor vehicle gasoline excise tax: means the tax imposed on gasoline used in producing and generating power for propelling motor vehicles used on the public highways of this state. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• MTBE: means methyl tertiary butyl ether, or the equivalent term tert-butyl methyl ether. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Nonethanol oxygenate: means ETBE or MTBE, as defined in this section, or other alcohol or ether, except denatured ethanol, that is approved as an oxygenate by the EPA. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Nonresident decedent: means an individual whose domicile at the time of death was not in Minnesota. See Minnesota Statutes 291.005
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Oath: includes "affirmation" in all cases where by law an affirmation may be substituted for an oath; and in like cases "swear" includes "affirm" and "sworn" "affirmed. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Pass-through entity: includes the following:

  (i) an entity electing S corporation status under section 1362 of the Internal Revenue Code;

  (ii) an entity taxed as a partnership under subchapter K of the Internal Revenue Code;

  (iii) a single-member limited liability company or similar entity, regardless of whether it is taxed as an association or is disregarded for federal income tax purposes under 26 C. See Minnesota Statutes 291.005

• Passenger snowmobile: means a self-propelled vehicle designed for travel on snow or ice, steered by skis or runners, with an enclosed passenger section that provides seating for not less than four nor more than 12 passengers. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Person: means any individual, firm, trust, estate, partnership, association, cooperative association, joint stock company or corporation, public or private, or any representative appointed by order of any court; or an officer or employee of a corporation, or a member or employee of a partnership, who as such officer, employee, or member is under a duty to perform any act prescribed by this chapter. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, and to partnerships and other unincorporated associations. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Personal representative: means the executor, administrator or other person appointed by the court to administer and dispose of the property of the decedent. See Minnesota Statutes 291.005
• Petroleum distillate: means a hydrocarbon or group of hydrocarbon compounds that have been extracted from petroleum crude oil by a distillation process involving evaporation by heating, and subsequent condensation by cooling. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Petroleum products: means all of the products defined in subdivisions 2, 7, 8, 8a, 8b, 10, 14, 16, 19, 20, 22 to 26, 28, 32, and 35. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Petroleum residual: means a heavy hydrocarbon or group of heavy hydrocarbon compounds that do not evaporate during a distillation process. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• physical or mental impairment: is a n impairment that results from anatomical, physiological, or psychological abnormalities which are demonstrable by medically acceptable clinical and laboratory diagnostic techniques. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Prize: means a thing of value, other than a free play, offered or awarded to the winner of a gambling game. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probate: Proving a will
• propane: means a product made of short hydrocarbon chains and containing primarily propane and butane that is stored in specialized tanks at moderate pressure. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• property taxes payable: includes the amount of the payments directly attributable to the property taxes assessed against the parcel on which the house is located. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• public highways: includes bridges. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Public waters: means public waters as defined in section 103G. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Pull-tab: is a pull-tab as defined in section 349. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Raffle: means a raffle as defined in section 349. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Retail level: means an activity where gambling product is sold to players or participants in gambling games and where the players or participants give consideration for a chance to win a prize. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• retirement base amount: means the deductible amount for the taxable year for the claimant and spouse under section 219(b)(5)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code, adjusted for inflation as provided in section 219(b)(5)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code, without regard to whether the claimant or spouse claimed a deduction; and

  (3) "traditional or Roth style retirement account or plan" means retirement plans under sections 401, 403, 408, 408A, and 457 of the Internal Revenue Code. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03

• seal: includes an impression thereof upon the paper alone, as well as an impression on a wafer, wax, or other substance thereto attached. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Small business: means a business entity organized for profit, including but not limited to any individual, partnership, corporation, joint venture, association or cooperative, which entity:

  (1) is not an affiliate or subsidiary of a business dominant in its field of operation; and

  (2) has 20 or fewer full-time employees; or

  (3) in the preceding fiscal year has not had more than the equivalent of $1,000,000 in annual gross revenues; or

  (4) if the business is a technical or professional service, shall not have had more than the equivalent of $2,500,000 in annual gross revenues in the preceding fiscal year. See Minnesota Statutes 645.445

• Special fuel: means :

  (1) all combustible gases and liquid petroleum products or substitutes including undyed diesel fuel, except gasoline, gasoline blended with ethanol, and agricultural alcohol gasoline which are delivered into the supply tank of a licensed motor vehicle or into storage tanks maintained by an owner or operator of a licensed motor vehicle as a source of supply for such vehicle;

  (2) all combustible gases and liquid petroleum products or substitutes, except gasoline, gasoline blended with ethanol, and agricultural alcohol gasoline, when delivered to a licensed special fuel dealer or to the retail service station storage of a distributor who has elected to pay the special fuel excise tax as provided in this chapter;

  (3) all combustible gases and liquid petroleum products or substitutes, except gasoline, which are used as aviation fuel; or

  (4) dyed fuel that is being used illegally in a licensed motor vehicle. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01

• Special fuel dealer: means any person engaged in the business of selling and delivering special fuel into the supply tank of an aircraft or a licensed motor vehicle. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• state: extends to and includes the District of Columbia and the several territories. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
• Tax: means any fee, charge, exaction, or assessment imposed by a governmental entity on an individual, person, entity, transaction, good, service, or other thing. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Taxpayer: means a person subject to or liable for a tax imposed by this chapter, a person required to file reports or returns with the commissioner under this chapter, a person required to keep or retain records under this chapter, or a person required by this chapter to obtain or hold a permit. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• terminal: means any petroleum refinery, pipeline terminal, river terminal, storage facility, or other point of origin where petroleum products are manufactured, or imported by rail, truck, barge, or pipe; and held, stored, transferred, offered for distribution, distributed, offered for sale, or sold. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Ticket: means a valid token, card, or other tangible voucher, other than bingo cards, sheets, or paper, that grants the holder a chance or chances to participate in a game of gambling. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Tipboard: means a tipboard as defined in section 349. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Tipboards: includes any game otherwise described in this subdivision in which the winning chances are determined in whole or in part by the outcome of one or more sporting events. See Minnesota Statutes 297E.01
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Use in licensed motor vehicles: means use in producing or generating power for propelling licensed motor vehicles on the public highways of this state. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• verified: when used in reference to writings, means supported by oath or affirmation. See Minnesota Statutes 645.45
• Violate: includes failure to comply with. See Minnesota Statutes 645.44
• Waters of this state: means any waters capable of substantial beneficial public use and any waters to which the public has access, which are within the territorial limits of this state including boundary waters. See Minnesota Statutes 296A.01
• work which exists in the state economy: means work which exists in significant numbers either in the area where the individual lives or in several areas of the state. See Minnesota Statutes 290A.03
• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.