85-20-1701. United States of America, fish and wildlife service, Charles M. Russell national wildlife refuge-Montana compact ratified. This compact is entered into by the State of Montana and the United States of America to settle for all time any and all claims to federal reserved water rights for the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service within the State of Montana.

ARTICLE I
RECITALS

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WHEREAS, the State of Montana, in 1979 pursuant to Title 85, Chapter 2 of the Montana Code Annotated, commenced a general adjudication of the rights to the use of water within the State of Montana including all federal reserved and appropriative water rights;

WHEREAS, 85-2-228, MCA, provides that a federal reserved water right with a priority date of July 1, 1973, or later be subject to the same process and adjudication as a federal reserved water right with a priority date before July 1, 1973;

WHEREAS, 85-2-703 and 85-2-228(3), MCA, provide that the Montana Reserved Water Rights Compact Commission may negotiate settlement of claims by the federal government to non-Indian reserved waters within the State of Montana;

WHEREAS, the United States wishes to quantify and have decreed the amount of water necessary to fulfill the purposes of the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge as articulated in Executive Order 7509 of December 11, 1936;

WHEREAS, the Attorney General, or a duly designated official of the United States Department of Justice, has authority to execute this compact on behalf of the United States pursuant to the authority to settle litigation contained in 28 U.S.C. §§ 516–517 (1968);

WHEREAS, the Secretary of the Interior, or a duly designated official of the United States Department of the Interior, has authority to execute this compact on behalf of the United States Department of Interior pursuant to 43 U.S.C. § 1457 (1986, Supp. 1992);

NOW THEREFORE, the State of Montana and the United States agree as follows:

ARTICLE II
DEFINITIONS

For purposes of this compact only, the following definitions shall apply:

(1)”Abstract” means copies of the documents collectively entitled “Abstracts of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Water Rights for the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge” referenced in this compact as Appendices 1-3.

(2)”Acre-foot” or “Acre-feet” or “AF” means the amount of water necessary to cover one acre to a depth of one foot and is equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet of water.

(3)”Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge” means the federal reservation of land that was designated under the Act of June 25, 1910, ch. 421, 36 Stat. 847, as amended by the Act of August 24, 1912, ch. 369, 37 Stat. 497.

(4)”Coextensive” means equal or coincident in space, time or scope. As applied to this compact, “Coextensive” rights to instream flow are non-additive water rights that constitute a usufructuary interest held by two or more parties with each party being subject to the same limits on quantity of water regardless of whether one or both parties are exercising the right.

(5)”Department” means the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation or its successor.

(6)”Effective Date” means the date on which the compact is given ratification by the Montana Legislature, written approval by the United States Department of the Interior, and written approval by the United States Department of Justice, whichever occurs later.

(7)”Groundwater” means any water that is beneath the ground surface.

(8)”Instream Flow” means the water that the Parties agree must remain in the stream for non-consumptive uses to protect and maintain water flow and Wildlife Habitat throughout the Refuge for the purposes of the federal reservation.

(9)”Non-Consumptive Use” means a beneficial use of water that does not cause a reduction in the source of supply or result in a reduction in the quantity or quality of water and in which substantially all of the water returns without delay to the source of supply, causing little or no disruption in stream conditions.

(10)”Order” means Executive Order 7509, withdrawing from the public domain the Fort Peck Game Range, signed December 11, 1936.

(11)”Parties” means the State of Montana and the United States.

(12)”Recognized Under State Law” when referring to a water right or use means a water right or use protected by state law, but does not include state recognition of a federal or tribal reserved water right arising under federal law.

(13)”Refuge” means the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge.

(14)”Reserved Right” means collectively the United States’ water rights for stock, wildlife, and Wildlife Habitat within Refuge as described herein.

(15)”Restricted Reach” means the portion of stream reach subject to the on-stream impoundment limitation described in Articles III.E. and IV.C. and depicted in Appendix 5 of this compact.

(16)”Stacked” means a series of impoundments on the same stream placed in proximity to one another such that water impounded by a down-stream dam reaches an elevation less than or equal to five feet below the elevation of the base of the embankment of the next upstream dam.

(17)”State” means the State of Montana and all officers, agents, departments, and political subdivisions thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, “state” means the Director of the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation or the Director’s designee.

(18)”United States” means the federal government and all officers, agencies, departments, and political subdivisions thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, for purposes of notification or consent other than service in litigation, “United States” means the Secretary of the Department of the Interior or the Secretary’s designee.

(19)”Wildlife Habitat” means a combination of food, water, shelter, and space that sustains wildlife and includes, but is not limited to, riparian areas and the stream flows that sustain them. This definition may not be construed to increase the quantity of the water rights set forth in Article III of this compact.

ARTICLE III
WATER RIGHT

The Parties agree that the following water rights are in settlement of the reserved water rights claims of the United States for the Refuge. All water rights described in this Article are subject to Article IV of this compact as well as any specific additional conditions set forth below.

A. Priority date. The Reserved Right for stock, wildlife, and Wildlife Habitat uses within the Refuge described herein has a priority date of December 11, 1936. The United States agrees to subordinate its 1936 Reserved Right to water rights Recognized Under State Law existing on the Effective Date of this compact. Accordingly, any water right Recognized Under State Law with a priority date prior to the Effective Date of this compact is functionally senior in priority to any component of the Reserved Right and is not subject to a call for enforcement or administration by the United States in the exercise of the Reserved Right. The final decree for the United States’ Reserved Right must include the above prohibition on call.

B. Quantified instream rights. The United States holds water rights in the following named streams from the point furthest upstream where the Refuge boundary crosses the mainstem stream channel to its confluence with Fort Peck Lake or the Missouri River. The water right is in the amount of one (1) or one-half (1/2) cubic feet per second (cfs) for instream use for the purposes of stock, wildlife, and Wildlife Habitat as set forth in Table 1 and the Abstracts attached to this compact as Appendix 1, and as depicted in Appendix 4. The period of use is from March 1 to June 30. The United States may exercise its quantified instream rights during the period of use provided by this Compact if water is available.

Table 1