Terms Used In New York Laws > Highway > Article 2 - Commissioner of Transportation

• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Blood bank: means a facility for the collection, processing, storage and/or distribution of human blood, blood components or blood derivatives, but shall not mean a source plasma donation center. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Clinical laboratory: means a facility for the microbiological, immunological, chemical, hematological, biophysical, cytological, pathological, genetic, or other examination of materials derived from the human body, for the purpose of obtaining information for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease or the assessment of a health condition or for identification purposes. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Director: means the person who is responsible for administration of the technical and scientific operation of a clinical laboratory or blood bank, including supervision of procedures and reporting of findings of tests. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Health services purveyor: means any person, firm, partnership, group, association, corporation or professional corporation, or any agent, employee, fiduciary, employer or representative thereof, including but not limited to a physician, dentist, podiatrist or chiropractor, either in individual practice, group practice or employed in a facility owned by any person, group, association, firm, partnership or corporation hiring any of the aforementioned practitioners, who provide health or health related services. See N.Y. Public Health Law 585
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Laboratory test registrant: means a person, partnership, corporation, or other entity holding a valid certificate of registration to perform one or more waived tests or provider-performed microscopy procedures pursuant to section five hundred seventy-nine of this title. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Majority leader: see Floor Leaders
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plasmapheresis: means a procedure by which, during a single visit to the facility, blood is removed from an individual, the source plasma separated from the formed elements, and at least the red blood cells are returned to the donor. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Provider-performed microscopy procedure: means a procedure performed by a qualified health care professional acting within the scope of his or her licensed profession, which has been designated as a provider-performed microscopy procedure pursuant to the federal clinical laboratory improvement act of nineteen hundred eighty-eight, as amended. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Qualified health care professional: means a physician, dentist, podiatrist, optometrist performing a clinical laboratory test that does not use an invasive modality as defined in § 7101 of the education law, pharmacist administering COVID-19 and influenza tests pursuant to subdivision seven of § 6801 of the education law, physician assistant, specialist assistant, nurse practitioner, or midwife, who is licensed and registered with the state education department. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Reference system: means a system of assessment of methods, procedures and materials of clinical laboratories and blood banks, including, but not limited to, ongoing validation which may include direct testing and experimentation by the department of such methods, procedures and materials, the distribution of standards and guidelines, inspection of facilities, periodic submission of test specimens for examination, and research conducted by the department that involves the study of new or existing methods, procedures and materials related to the quality of clinical laboratory medicine. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Source plasma: means the fluid portion of human blood collected by plasmapheresis and intended as source material for plasma protein therapies. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Source plasma donation center: means a facility where source plasma is collected by plasmapheresis. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Waived test: means a clinical laboratory test that has been designated as a waived test or is otherwise subject to certificate of waiver requirements pursuant to the federal clinical laboratory improvement act of nineteen hundred eighty-eight, as amended. See N.Y. Public Health Law 571