New York Laws > Vehicle and Traffic > Title 4 – Registration of Vehicles


Article 13	Application of This Title
Article 14	Registration of Motor Vehicles
Article 14-A	Apportionment or Allocation of Registration Fee Agreement
Article 14-B	Bus Taxation Proration and Reciprocity Agreement
Article 15	Registration of Motorcycles
Article 15-A	Reciprocity Agreements For the Recognition of the Agricultural Truck Registration Class
Article 16	Registration of Dealers and Transporters
Article 17	Other Provisions Relating to Registration and Possession
Article 17-A	Franchised Motor Vehicle Dealer Act
Article 17-A*	Non-driver Identification Card
Article 17-B	Interjurisdictional Pre-arranged For-hire Vehicle Operation
Article 17-C	Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District Supplemental Registration Fee

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Terms Used In New York Laws > Vehicle and Traffic > Title 4 - Registration of Vehicles

Account owner: shall mean a person who opens a savings account pursuant to the provisions of section 529A of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, or any regulations promulgated thereunder. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
Acquittal:
1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
2. A verdict of "not guilty."
Active mode: means the condition in which the input of a power supply or consumer audio and video equipment is connected to the line voltage AC and the output is connected to a DC or an AC load, fulfilling one or more of its main functions and drawing a fraction of the power supply's nameplate power output greater than zero. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
activities of daily living: means activities such as, but not limited to, mobility, eating, toileting, dressing, grooming, housekeeping, cooking, shopping, money management, banking, driving or using public transportation, and other activities related to personal needs and to property management. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
administration: means the United States veterans' administration or its successor. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 79.01
adult: means an individual eighteen years of age or older. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
advance directive: means a legally recognized written or oral instruction by an adult relating to the provision of health care to the adult if and when they become incapacitated, including but not limited to a health care proxy, a consent to the issuance of an order not to resuscitate or other orders for life-sustaining treatment recorded in a patient's medical record, or other legally-recognized statements of wishes or beliefs. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
Affiliate: means :

(1) a person that directly or indirectly owns, controls or holds with power to vote, twenty percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than a person that holds the securities:

(i) as a fiduciary or agent without sole discretionary power to vote the securities; or

(ii) solely to secure a debt, if the person has not in fact exercised the power to vote;

(2) a corporation twenty percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held with power to vote, by the debtor or a person that directly or indirectly owns, controls or holds, with power to vote, twenty percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than a person that holds the securities:

(i) as a fiduciary or agent without sole discretionary power to vote the securities; or

(ii) solely to secure a debt, if the person has not in fact exercised the power to vote;

(3) a person whose business is operated by the debtor under a lease or other agreement, or a person substantially all of whose assets are controlled by the debtor; or

(4) a person that operates the debtor's business under a lease or other agreement or controls substantially all of the debtor's assets. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
Air compressor: means a compressor designed to compress air that has an inlet open to the atmosphere or other source of air, and is made up of a compression element (bare compressor), driver or drivers mechanical equipment to drive the compressor element, and any ancillary equipment. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Allegation: something that someone says happened.
Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
Application: means an application for a certificate. See N.Y. Energy Law 18-101
Appraisal: A determination of property value.
Appropriate board of elections: means the board of elections in whose jurisdiction the military voter resides as a qualified voter. See N.Y. Election Law 10-102
Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
Asset: means property of a debtor, but the term does not include:

(1) property to the extent it is encumbered by a valid lien;

(2) property to the extent it is generally exempt under non-bankruptcy law; or

(3) an interest in property held in tenancy by the entirety to the extent it is not subject to process by a creditor holding a claim against only one tenant. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
Authority: means the New York state energy research and development authority. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
available resources: means resources such as, but not limited to, visiting nurses, homemakers, home health aides, adult day care and multipurpose senior citizen centers, powers of attorney, health care proxies, trusts, representative and protective payees, and residential care facilities. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
Ballast: means a device used with an electric discharge lamp to obtain necessary circuit conditions (voltage, current, and waveform) for starting and operating the lamp. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
benefits: shall mean all moneys payable by the United States through the administration. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 79.01
Bequest: Property gifted by will.
Best interests: means promoting personal well-being by the assessment of the risks, benefits and alternatives to the patient of a proposed major medical treatment, taking into account factors including the relief of suffering, the preservation or restoration of functioning, improvement in the quality of the patient's life with and without the proposed major medical treatment and consistency with the personal beliefs and values known to be held by the patient. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 80.03
Board: means the state board on temporary nuclear waste repository siting established by section 18-105 of this article. See N.Y. Energy Law 18-101
board: means a community services board for services to individuals with mental illness and developmental disabilities, those suffering from alcoholism, alcohol abuse, substance abuse or substance dependence. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
Bottle-type: means a water dispenser that uses a bottle or reservoir as the source of potable water. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
capital costs: means the costs of a local government, a voluntary agency, or the facilities development corporation with respect to the acquisition of real property estates, interests, and cooperative interests in realty, their design, construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation and improvement, original furnishings and equipment, site development, and appurtenances of a local facility. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
Captive finance source: means any finance source that provides automotive-related loans, or purchases retail installment contracts or lease contracts for motor vehicles and is, directly or indirectly, owned, operated or controlled, in whole or in part, by a manufacturer, factory branch, distributor or distributor branch. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Case law: The law as laid down in cases that have been decided in the decisions of the courts.
Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses.
Ceiling fan: means a non-portable device that is suspended from a ceiling for circulating air via the rotation of fan blades. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Ceiling fan light kit: means the equipment used to provide light from a ceiling fan. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Certificate: means a temporary nuclear waste repository siting certificate issued pursuant to the provisions of this article. See N.Y. Energy Law 18-101
Chambers: A judge's office.
claim for relief: means a right to payment, whether or not the right is reduced to judgment, liquidated, unliquidated, fixed, contingent, matured, unmatured, disputed, undisputed, legal, equitable, secured or unsecured. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Codicil: An addition, change, or supplement to a will executed with the same formalities required for the will itself.
Commercial and industrial fans and blowers: means a rotary-bladed machine used to convert power to air power, with a brake horsepower greater than or equal to either one kilowatt or one horsepower, and an air horsepower less than or equal to one hundred fifty, and used for commercial and industrial purposes. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Commercial clothes dryer: means a clothes dryer designed to dry fabrics in a tumble-type drum with forced air circulation and is designed for use in:

(a) Applications in which the occupants of more than one household will be using the clothes dryer, including multi-family housing common areas and coin laundries; or

(b) Other commercial applications. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Commercial dishwasher: means a machine designed to clean and sanitize plates, pots, pans, glasses, cups, bowls, utensils, and trays by applying sprays of detergent solution (with or without blasting media granules) and a sanitizing rinse and is not a "compact dishwasher" or "standard dishwasher" (capacity less than eight place settings plus six serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1 using the test load specified in section 2. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Commercial fryer: means an appliance for non-residential use, including a cooking vessel, in which oil is placed to such a depth that the cooking food is essentially supported by displacement of the cooking fluid rather than by the bottom of the vessel. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Commercial oven: means a chamber designed for heating, roasting, or baking food by conduction, convection, radiation, and/or electromagnetic energy. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Commission: means the commission on quality of care and advocacy for persons with disabilities. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 80.03
Commissioner: means the commissioner of environmental conservation. See N.Y. Energy Law 18-101
Commissioner: means the head of the office of mental health. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 7.03
commissioner: means the head of the office for people with developmental disabilities. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 13.03
Commissioner: means the commissioner of the office of alcoholism and substance abuse services. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 19.03
Commissioner: means the commissioner of mental health or the commissioner of developmental disabilities. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
community support services: means clinical, social, rehabilitative and other mental health services, programs and related administrative activities designed to enhance the community living skills and prevent the unnecessary hospitalization of the seriously impaired, chronically mentally ill population, who are eligible to receive services pursuant to section 41. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
compartment steamer: means a device for non-residential use with one or more food-steaming compartments in which the energy in the steam is transferred to the food by direct contact. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
Compressor: means a machine or apparatus that converts different types of energy into the potential energy of gas pressure for displacement and compression of gaseous media to any higher-pressure values above atmospheric pressure and has a pressure ratio at full-load operating pressure greater than 1. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Computer: means a device that performs logical operations and processes data. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Computer monitor: means an analog or digital device of size greater than or equal to seventeen inches and less than or equal to sixty-one inches, that has a pixel density of greater than five thousand pixels per square inch, and that is designed primarily for the display of computer-generated signals for viewing by one person in a desk-based environment. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law.
Consumer audio and video product: means a mains-connected product that amplifies audio, offers optical, offers disc player functionality, and/or receives and plays audio and/or video content. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
Correctional facility: means a correctional facility as that term is defined in § 2 of the correction law. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Correspondent: means a person who has demonstrated a genuine interest in promoting the best interests of the patient by having a personal relationship with the patient, by participating in the patient's care and treatment, by regularly visiting the patient, or by regularly communicating with the patient. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 80.03
Counsel for respondent: means any counsel that has been retained or appointed for respondent, or if no other counsel has been retained or appointed, or prior counsel cannot be located with reasonable efforts, then the mental hygiene legal service. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
Creditor: means a person that has a claim. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Crisis intervention services: means the continuum to address crisis intervention, crisis stabilization, and crisis residential treatment needs that are wellness, resiliency, and recovery oriented. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 36.03
Crisis residential services: means a short-term residential program designed to provide residential and support services to persons with symptoms of mental illness who are at risk of or experiencing a psychiatric crisis. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 36.03
Crisis stabilization centers: means facilities providing short-term observation and crisis stabilization services jointly licensed by the office of mental health and the office of addiction services and supports under section 36. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 36.03
Criteria: shall mean the state smart growth public infrastructure criteria provided in section 6-0107 of this article. See N.Y. Environmental Conservation Law 6-0103
Cross examine: Questioning of a witness by the attorney for the other side.
Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
Dangerous sex offender requiring confinement: means a person who is a detained sex offender suffering from a mental abnormality involving such a strong predisposition to commit sex offenses, and such an inability to control behavior, that the person is likely to be a danger to others and to commit sex offenses if not confined to a secure treatment facility. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Dealer: means a person engaged in the business of buying, selling or dealing in motor vehicles, motorcycles or trailers, other than mobile homes or manufactured homes, at retail or wholesale; except, however, trailers with an unladen weight of less than one thousand pounds. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
Debt: means liability on a claim. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Debtor: means a person that is liable on a claim. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Decedent: A deceased person.
decision-maker: means an adult who has executed, or seeks to execute, a supported decision-making agreement. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
Declarant: means a person who submits a declaration pursuant to the provisions of this article and may include any provider of health services, the director of the patient's residential facility or a relative or correspondent of the patient. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 80.03
Declaration: means a written statement submitted in accordance with section 80. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 80.03
Decorative gas fireplace: means a vented fireplace, including appliances that are freestanding, recessed, zero clearance, or a gas fireplace insert, that is fueled by natural gas or propane, is marked for decorative use only, and is not equipped with a thermostat or intended for use as a heater. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
Demand flexibility: means the capability to schedule, shift, or curtail the electrical demand of a load-serving entity's customer through direct action by the customer or through action by a third party, the load-serving entity, or a grid balancing authority, with the customer's consent. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
Designated beneficiary: shall mean , with respect to an account or accounts, any individual who is an "eligible individual" as defined under paragraph (1) of subsection (e) of section 529A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or any regulations promulgated thereunder and whose qualified expenses are expected to be paid from the account or accounts. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
Designated felony: means any felony offense defined by any of the following provisions of the penal law: assault in the second degree as defined in section 120. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Detained sex offender: means a person who is in the care, custody, control, or supervision of an agency with jurisdiction, with respect to a sex offense or designated felony, in that the person is either:

(1) A person who stands convicted of a sex offense as defined in subdivision (p) of this section, and is currently serving a sentence for, or subject to supervision by the division of parole, whether on parole or on post-release supervision, for such offense or for a related offense;

(2) A person charged with a sex offense who has been determined to be an incapacitated person with respect to that offense and has been committed pursuant to Article seven hundred thirty of the criminal procedure law, but did engage in the conduct constituting such offense;

(3) A person charged with a sex offense who has been found not responsible by reason of mental disease or defect for the commission of that offense;

(4) A person who stands convicted of a designated felony that was sexually motivated and committed prior to the effective date of this article;

(5) A person convicted of a sex offense who is, or was at any time after September first, two thousand five, a patient in a hospital operated by the office of mental health, and who was admitted directly to such facility pursuant to article nine of this title or § 402 of the correction law upon release or conditional release from a correctional facility, provided that the provisions of this article shall not be deemed to shorten or lengthen the time for which such person may be held pursuant to such article or section respectively; or

(6) A person who has been determined to be a sex offender requiring civil management pursuant to this article. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Devise: To gift property by will.
director: means the director of community services, who is the chief executive officer of a local governmental unit, by whatever title known. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
director: means the director of the United States veterans' administration or his successor. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 79.01
director of community services: means the director of community services for the mentally disabled appointed pursuant to article forty-one of this chapter. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 9.01
director of community services: means the director of community services for the mentally disabled appointed pursuant to article eleven of this chapter. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 15.01
Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
Distributor: means any person who primarily offers, sells or distributes new motor vehicles to franchised motor vehicle dealers or maintains distributor representatives within the state. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Distributor branch: means a branch office maintained by a distributor which offers, sells or distributes new motor vehicles to franchised motor vehicle dealers in this state. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
Donee: The recipient of a gift.
Dual-duct portable air conditioner: means a portable air conditioner that draws some or all of the condenser inlet air from outside the conditioned space through a duct attached to an adjustable window bracket, may draw additional condenser inlet air from the conditioned space, and discharges the condenser outlet air outside the conditioned space by means of a separate duct attached to an adjustable window bracket. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Dual-flush effective flush volume: means the average flush volume of two reduced flushes and one full flush. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Dual-flush water closet: means a water closet incorporating a feature that allows the user to flush the water closet with either a reduced or a full volume of water. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Duv: means a metric that quantifies the distance between the chromaticity of a given light source and a blackbody radiator of equal correlated color temperature (CCT) on a CIE 1976 (u, v) chromatic diagram demonstrating how different two light sources of the same color temperature appear. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Efficiency standard: means a standard that defines performance metrics and/or defines prescriptive design requirements associated with the regulated category of product in order to reduce energy consumption, reduce water consumption, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy consumption and/or increase demand flexibility. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Electric vehicle: means an on-road vehicle that draws electricity for propulsion from a traction battery with a least five kilowatt-hours (kWh) of capacity, and uses an external source of energy to recharge the battery. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic or similar capabilities. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
Emergency services: means immediate physical examination, assessment, care and treatment of an incapacitated person for the purpose of confirming that the person is, and continues to be, incapacitated by alcohol and/or substances to the degree that there is a likelihood to result in harm to the person or others. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 22.09
Energy code: means the New York state energy conservation construction code adopted pursuant to article eleven of this chapter. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
facilitator: means an individual or entity authorized by the office for people with developmental disabilities that works with and educates the decision-maker and his or her supporter or supporters about supported decision-making and supported decision-making agreements authorized under this article. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
facility: means a facility, hospital, or school, or an alcoholism facility in this state as such terms are defined in section 1. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Factory branch: means a branch office maintained for directing and supervising the representatives of the manufacturer or which office is maintained for the sale of motor vehicles. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
Faucet: means a lavatory faucet, kitchen faucet, metering faucet, public lavatory faucet, or replacement aerator for a lavatory, public lavatory or kitchen faucet. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Federally exempt fluorescent lamp: means any linear lamps excluded from the definition of general service fluorescent lamps in 10 C. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
financial exploitation: has the meaning given in § 473 of the social services law. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
financial organization: means an organization authorized to do business in the state of New York and which: (a) is licensed or chartered by the department of financial services; (b) is licensed or chartered by an agency of the federal government; or (c) is subject to the jurisdiction and regulation of the securities and exchange commission of the federal government. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
Franchise: means a written arrangement for a definite or indefinite period in which a manufacturer or distributor grants to a franchised motor vehicle dealer a license to use a trade name, service mark or related characteristic, and in which there is a community of interest in the marketing of motor vehicles or services related thereto at wholesale, retail, by lease or otherwise and/or pursuant to which a franchised motor vehicle dealer purchases and resells or offers (as agent, principal, or otherwise) products associated with the name or mark or related components of the franchise. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Franchised motor vehicle dealer: means : (a) any person required to be registered pursuant to section four hundred fifteen of this title which has been granted a franchise as defined in subdivision six of this section, or (b) any person engaged in the business of selling snowmobiles, all terrain vehicles and/or personal watercraft at wholesale or retail who has been granted a franchise; provided, however, that any person primarily engaged in the sale of vessels and other marine items who meets the definition of "dealer" as provided in subdivision one of § 810 of the general business law shall not be a "franchised motor vehicle dealer" pursuant to this article. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Franchisor: means any manufacturer, distributor, distributor branch or factory branch, importer or other person, partnership, corporation, association, or entity, whether resident or non-resident, which enters into or is presently a party to a franchise with a franchised motor vehicle dealer. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
Fuel set-aside: means the amount of liquid fossil fuel which is made available from the total supply of a prime supplier for utilization by the state energy office pursuant to this article to resolve hardships and emergencies due to energy shortages. See N.Y. Energy Law 10-103
functional level: means the ability to provide for personal needs and/or the ability with respect to property management. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
functional limitations: means behavior or conditions of a person which impair the ability to provide for personal needs and/or property management. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Gas fireplace: means a decorative gas fireplace or a heating gas fireplace. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
General service incandescent lamp: means a standard incandescent or halogen type lamp that is intended for general service applications, has a medium screw base, has a lumen range of not less than three hundred ten lumens and not more than two thousand six hundred lumens, or in the case of a modified spectrum lamp, not less than two hundred thirty-two lumens and not more than one thousand nine hundred fifty lumens, and is capable of being operated at a voltage range at least partially within one hundred ten and one hundred thirty volts; provided, however, that this definition shall not apply to the following incandescent lamps:

(i) Appliance lamps;

(ii) Black light lamps;

(iii) Bug lamps;

(iv) Colored lamps;

(v) G shape lamps (as defined in ANSI C78. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
General service lamp: means a lamp that has an ANSI base, is able to operate at a voltage of twelve volts or twenty-four volts, at or between one hundred to one hundred thirty volts, at or between two hundred twenty to two hundred forty volts, or of two hundred seventy-seven volts for integrated lamps, or is able to operate at any voltage for non-integrated lamps, has an initial lumen output of greater than or equal to three hundred ten lumens (or two hundred thirty-two lumens for modified spectrum general service incandescent lamps) and less than or equal to three thousand three hundred lumens, is not a light fixture, is not an LED downlight retrofit kit, and is used in general lighting applications. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
General village election: means the annual or biennial election for village officers. See N.Y. Election Law 15-102
Genetic surrogate: shall mean a person who gives birth to a child who is the person's genetic child pursuant to a genetic surrogate parenting agreement. See N.Y. Domestic Relations Law 121
Genetic surrogate parenting agreement: shall mean any agreement, oral or written, in which:

(a) a genetic surrogate agrees either to be inseminated with the sperm of a person who is not their spouse or to be impregnated with an embryo that is the product of the genetic surrogate's ovum fertilized with the sperm of a person who is not their spouse; and

(b) the genetic surrogate agrees to, or intends to, surrender or consent to the adoption of the child born as a result of such insemination or impregnation. See N.Y. Domestic Relations Law 121
Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
good faith: means honest in fact and in the observance of reasonable standards of fair dealing. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
Good faith: means , in addition to any common law definitions of that term, honesty in fact and the observation of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing in the trade. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
Greenhouse gas: means "greenhouse gas" as defined in subdivision seven of section 75-0101 of the environmental conservation law. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
guardian: means a person who is eighteen years of age or older, a corporation, or a public agency, including a local department of social services, appointed in accordance with terms of this article by the supreme court, the surrogate's court, or the county court to act on behalf of an incapacitated person in providing for personal needs and/or for property management. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.
Hand-held showerhead: means a showerhead that can be held or fixed in place for the purpose of spraying water onto a bather and that is connected to a flexible hose. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Heating gas fireplace: means a vented fireplace, including appliances that are freestanding, recessed, zero clearance, or a gas fireplace insert, that is fueled by natural gas or propane and is not a decorative fireplace. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
house coach: shall mean any vehicle motivated by a power connected therewith or propelled by a power within itself, which is designed to provide temporary living quarters, and which is built onto, as an integral part of, or is permanently attached to a motor vehicle chassis, and contains at least four of the following independent life support systems if each is permanently installed and designed to be removed only for purposes of repair or replacement and meets the standards of the American National Standards Institute for recreation vehicles:

(a) a cooking facility with an on-board fuel source;

(b) a gas or electric refrigerator;

(c) a toilet with exterior evacuation;

(d) a heating or air conditioning system with an on-board power or fuel source separate from the vehicle engine;

(e) a potable water supply system that includes at least a sink, a faucet and a water tank with an exterior service supply connection; and

(f) a 110-125 volt electric power supply. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Imaging equipment: means copiers, printers, scanners, fax machines, and multifunction devices used both in homes and businesses. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
in need of care and treatment: means that a person has a mental illness for which in-patient care and treatment in a hospital is appropriate. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 9.01
in need of care and treatment: means that a person has a developmental disability and would benefit from care and treatment as a resident in a school. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 15.01
in need of involuntary care and treatment: means that a person has a mental illness for which care and treatment as a patient in a hospital is essential to such person's welfare and whose judgment is so impaired that he is unable to understand the need for such care and treatment. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 9.01
in need of involuntary care and treatment: means that a person is in need of in-patient care and treatment as a resident in a school, that such care and treatment is essential to his or her welfare, and that his or her judgment is so impaired that he or she is unable to understand the need for such care and treatment and that he or she poses a real and present risk of substantial physical harm to himself or herself or others. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 15.01
Incapacitated: means that a person, as a result of the use of alcohol and/or substances, is unconscious or has his or her judgment otherwise so impaired that he or she is incapable of realizing and making a rational decision with respect to his or her need for treatment. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 22.09
income: shall include only moneys received by the guardian from the administration and all earnings, interest, and profits derived therefrom. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 79.01
Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
Industrial air purifier: means an indoor air cleaning device manufactured, advertised, marketed, labeled, and used solely for industrial use that are marketed solely through industrial supply outlets or businesses and prominently labeled as "Solely for industrial use. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
Insider: includes :

(1) if the debtor is an individual:

(i) a relative of the debtor or of a general partner of the debtor;

(ii) a partnership in which the debtor is a general partner;

(iii) a general partner in a partnership described in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph; or

(iv) a corporation of which the debtor is a director, officer, or person in control;

(2) if the debtor is a corporation:

(i) a director of the debtor;

(ii) an officer of the debtor;

(iii) a person in control of the debtor;

(iv) a partnership in which the debtor is a general partner;

(v) a general partner in a partnership described in subparagraph (iv) of this paragraph; or

(vi) a relative of a general partner, director, officer or person in control of the debtor;

(3) if the debtor is a partnership:

(i) a general partner in the debtor;

(ii) a relative of a general partner in, a general partner of or a person in control of the debtor;

(iii) another partnership in which the debtor is a general partner;

(iv) a general partner in a partnership described in subparagraph (iii) of this paragraph; or

(v) a person in control of the debtor;

(4) an affiliate, or an insider of an affiliate as if the affiliate were the debtor; and

(5) a managing agent of the debtor. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
Inter vivos: Transfer of property from one living person to another living person.
Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
Intoxicated or impaired person: means a person whose mental or physical functioning is substantially impaired as a result of the presence of alcohol and/or substances in his or her body. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 22.09
Irrevocable trust: A trust arrangement that cannot be revoked, rescinded, or repealed by the grantor.
Joint meeting: An occasion, often ceremonial, when the House and Senate each adopt a unanimous consent agreement
Joint tenancy: A form of property ownership in which two or more parties hold an undivided interest in the same property that was conveyed under the same instrument at the same time. A joint tenant can sell his (her) interest but not dispose of it by will. Upon the death of a joint tenant, his (her) undivided interest is distributed among the surviving joint tenants.
Judge advocate: means an officer of a force of the organized militia who is a member of the judge advocate general's corps or who is designated as a judge advocate;

(10) "Legal officer" means an officer of the New York naval militia designated to perform legal duties for a command;

(11) "Code" means article seven of this chapter;

(12) "Accuser" means a person who signs and swears to charges, any person who directs that charges nominally be signed and sworn to by another, and any other person who has an interest other than an official interest in the prosecution of the accused. See N.Y. Military Law 130.1
Judgement: The official decision of a court finally determining the respective rights and claims of the parties to a suit.
Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
Juror: A person who is on the jury.
Lamp: means an electrical appliance that includes a glass envelope and produces optical radiation for the purpose of visual illumination, designed to be installed into a light fixture by means of an integral lamp-holder or socket. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Landscape irrigation controller: means a device intended to remotely control valves to operate an irrigation system for landscapes, which may consist of grass, shrubs, trees and/or other vegetation. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
Lease: means to arrange for a person to enter into an agreement subject to the provisions of Article 9-A of the personal property law, or to act as a lessor as defined in such article. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
least restrictive form of intervention: means that the powers granted by the court to the guardian with respect to the incapacitated person represent only those powers which are necessary to provide for that person's personal needs and/or property management and which are consistent with affording that person the greatest amount of independence and self-determination in light of that person's understanding and appreciation of the nature and consequences of his or her functional limitations. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Lending Institution: means the original lender under the loan agreement or participants therein and its successors and assigns, and may include a banking institution, insurance company, foundation, labor union, employers association, trustees, fiduciaries or any combination of the foregoing. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 75.05
Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
Licensed psychologist: means a person who is registered as a psychologist under Article one hundred fifty-three of the education law. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
Lien: means a charge against or an interest in property to secure payment of a debt or performance of an obligation, and includes a security interest created by agreement, a judicial lien obtained by legal or equitable process or proceedings, a common-law lien, or a statutory lien. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Light fixture: means a product designed to provide light that includes at least one lamp-holder or socket and parts to distribute the light, to position or protect one or more lamps and to connect one or more lamps to a power supply. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
likely to result in serious harm: means (a) a substantial risk of physical harm to the person as manifested by threats of or attempts at suicide or serious bodily harm or other conduct demonstrating that the person is dangerous to himself or herself, or (b) a substantial risk of physical harm to other persons as manifested by homicidal or other violent behavior by which others are placed in reasonable fear of serious physical harm. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 9.01
Line make: means all models of a specific brand of motor vehicle manufactured by a manufacturer that may manufacture several brands, each of which are a separate line of make; except that, as such term applies to the sale of any new house coach, means that group or those groups of house coaches, as defined by the terms of the written franchise. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Liquid fossil fuel: means heating oils, light and heavy diesel oil, motor gasoline, methanol, propane, butane, residual fuel oils, kerosene and aviation fuels. See N.Y. Energy Law 10-103
Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
local facility: means a facility offering local services and includes a community mental health and developmental disabilities facility as defined in section three of the facilities development corporation act and, for the purposes of this article, a mental hygiene facility, as defined in said section, to be made available for use in providing local services under lease, sublease, license or permit from the facilities development corporation to one or more local governmental units or to a voluntary agency at the request of a commissioner of an office in the department. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
local government: means a county, except a county within the city of New York, and the city of New York. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
local governmental unit: means the unit of local government given authority in accordance with this chapter by local government to provide local services. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
local services: includes services for individuals with mental illness or developmental disabilities whose conditions, including but not limited to cerebral palsy and epilepsy, are associated with mental disabilities, and those suffering from alcoholism, alcohol abuse, substance abuse or substance dependence, which are provided by a local government or by a voluntary agency pursuant to a contract with a local governmental unit or the office of mental health. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
local services plan: means the plan of local services which is submitted by a local governmental unit and approved by the commissioner pursuant to section 41. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
major medical or dental treatment: means a medical, surgical or diagnostic intervention or procedure where a general anesthetic is used or which involves any significant risk or any significant invasion of bodily integrity requiring an incision or producing substantial pain, discomfort, debilitation, or having a significant recovery period, or which involves the administration of psychotropic medication or electroconvulsive therapy; it does not include any routine diagnosis or treatment such as the administration of medications other than chemotherapy for non-psychiatric conditions or nutrition or the extraction of bodily fluids for analysis; dental care performed with a local anesthetic; and any procedures which are provided under emergency circumstances, pursuant to § 2504 of the public health law. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Major medical treatment: means a medical, surgical or diagnostic intervention or procedures where a general anesthetic is used or which involves any significant risk or any significant invasion of bodily integrity requiring an incision or producing substantial pain, discomfort, debilitation or having a significant recovery period. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 80.03
Majority leader: see Floor Leaders
Management contract: shall mean the contract executed by the comptroller and a financial organization selected to act as a depository and manager of the program. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
manufactured home: means a mobile home or manufactured home as defined in section one hundred twenty-two-c of this chapter. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
Manufacturer: means any person, partnership, corporation, association, factory branch or other entity engaged in the business of manufacturing or assemblying new and unused motor vehicles for sale in this state. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Markup: The process by which congressional committees and subcommittees debate, amend, and rewrite proposed legislation.
Mental abnormality: means a congenital or acquired condition, disease or disorder that affects the emotional, cognitive, or volitional capacity of a person in a manner that predisposes him or her to the commission of conduct constituting a sex offense and that results in that person having serious difficulty in controlling such conduct. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
mental hygiene facility: means a facility, hospital, or school, or an alcoholism facility in this state as such terms are defined in section 1. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Metal halide lamp: means a high intensity discharge lamp in which the major portion of the light is produced by radiation of metal halides and their products of dissociation, possibly in combination with metallic vapors. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Metering faucet: means a faucet that, when turned on, will gradually shut itself off over a period of several seconds. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Military address: means the mailing address of a military voter other than his residence address in his election district. See N.Y. Election Law 10-102
Military ballot: means the ballot prepared, printed and supplied for use by the military voter for a general election, primary election or special election. See N.Y. Election Law 10-102
Military service: means the military service of the state, or of the United States, including the army, navy, marine corps, air force, coast guard, merchant marine and all components thereof, and the coast and geodetic survey, the public health service, the national guard when in the service of the United States pursuant to call as provided by law, and the cadets or midshipmen of the United States Military Academy, United States Naval Academy, United States Air Force Academy and United States Coast Guard Academy. See N.Y. Election Law 10-102
Military voter: means a qualified voter of the state of New York who is in the actual military service, as defined in the preceding paragraph of this section, and by reason of such military service is absent from his election district of residence on the day of registration or election, or a voter who is discharged from such military service within thirty days of an election and the spouse, parent, child or dependent of such voter accompanying or being with him or her, if a qualified voter and a resident of the same election district. See N.Y. Election Law 10-102
minister: when used in this article, shall include those defined in § 2 of the religious corporations law. See N.Y. Domestic Relations Law 11
Minority leader: See Floor Leaders
Mobile crisis teams: means a team licensed, certified, or authorized by the office of mental health and the office of addiction services and supports to provide community-based mental health or substance use disorder interventions for individuals who are experiencing a mental health or substance use disorder crisis. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 36.03
Mobility vehicle: means a motor vehicle that is specially converted and equipped to transport a person with a disability and is altered or modified for such use by an alterer or final stage manufacturer pursuant to parts 567 and 568 of title 49 of the code of federal regulations or a modifier pursuant to part 595 of title 49 of the code of federal regulations and that:

(i) has a chassis that contains: (A) a permanently lowered floor or permanently lowered frame; or (B) a permanently raised roof and raised door; and

(ii) contains at least one of the following: (A) an electronic or mechanical wheelchair, scooter, or platform lift that enables a person to enter or exit the vehicle while occupying a wheelchair or scooter; (B) an electronic or mechanical wheelchair ramp that is installed as an integral part or permanent attachment to the motor vehicle. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
modifier: shall mean any motor vehicle repair business that modifies a motor vehicle to enable a person with a disability to operate, or ride as a passenger in, the motor vehicle. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
motor vehicle: means a motor vehicle commonly classified as a passenger automobile, sport utility vehicle, light truck, pick up truck, van, minivan, or suburban, with a gross vehicle weight rating of ten thousand pounds or less. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
Motor vehicle: means : (a) any motor vehicle as defined in section one hundred twenty-five of this chapter, (b) any snowmobile as defined in article forty-seven of this chapter, (c) any all terrain vehicle as defined in article forty-eight-B of this chapter and (d) any personal watercraft as defined in § 2 of the navigation law, provided the commissioner shall have authority to except by regulation vehicles other than passenger automobiles, trucks and motorcycles from such definition. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Municipal centers: shall mean areas of concentrated and mixed land uses that serve as centers for various activities, including, but not limited to, central business districts, main streets, downtown areas, brownfield opportunity areas, downtown areas of local waterfront revitalization program areas, transit-oriented development, environmental justice areas, and hardship areas. See N.Y. Environmental Conservation Law 6-0103
Municipality: means a county, city, town or village. See N.Y. Energy Law 18-101
need for retention: means that a person who has been admitted to a hospital pursuant to this article is in need of involuntary care and treatment in a hospital for a further period. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 9.01
need for retention: means that a person who has been admitted to a school pursuant to this article is in need of involuntary care and treatment in a school for a further period. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 15.01
neglect: has the meaning defined in paragraph (d) of subdivision one of § 473 of the social services law. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
net operating costs: means operating costs from which have been deducted the following:

(a) revenues for operating costs received from other state agencies or another local government pursuant to an agreement to purchase local services. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
new motor vehicle: means a motor vehicle commonly classified as a passenger automobile, sport utility vehicle, light truck, pick up truck, van, minivan or suburban which meets any one or more of the following criteria:

(i) a motor vehicle which has not been placed in consumer use; or

(ii) a motor vehicle which has not been transferred to someone other than a distributor, new motor vehicle dealer, or qualified dealer; or

(iii) a motor vehicle which has less than one thousand miles on the odometer. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
New motor vehicle: means a vehicle sold or transferred by a manufacturer, distributor or dealer, which has not been placed in consumer use or used as a demonstrator. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
New motor vehicle dealer: means a dealer who engages in the activities described in paragraph a of this subdivision if such activities relate to new motor vehicles and if such dealer is party to a franchise, as the terms "new motor vehicle" and "franchise" are defined in section four hundred sixty-two of this title; provided, however, for purposes of this definition, a new motor vehicle shall include only those motor vehicles commonly classified as a passenger automobile, sport utility vehicle, light truck, pickup truck, van, minivan, or suburban, with a gross vehicle weight rating of ten thousand pounds or less, and shall not include (i) any such vehicle which has been converted for use as a tow truck, or (ii) a motor vehicle for which the current ownership document is a statement of acquisition issued pursuant to section four hundred twenty-nine of this title, a salvage certificate, salvage certificate of title, nonrepairable certificate, or similar document issued by any state or jurisdiction; or (iii) any motor vehicle commonly classified as a bus, school bus, garbage truck, marine trailer, tow truck, motorcycle, recreational vehicle, snowmobile, trailer, mobile home or construction equipment; and provided further that: (i) a dealer is a new motor vehicle dealer only with respect to those vehicles which are of the same make as those which that dealer is authorized to sell at that location pursuant to a valid franchise agreement; and (ii) a dealer is not acting as a new motor vehicle dealer when displaying, advertising, storing and/or demonstrating a new mobility vehicle. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
New motor vehicle product: means any motor vehicle which is of the same line make of motor vehicle as those which the franchisor has authorized its existing franchised motor vehicle dealers to sell under the existing franchises between franchised motor vehicle dealers and the franchisor. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Nonqualified withdrawal: shall mean a withdrawal from an account for other than a qualified expense, or a withdrawal made as the result of the death or disability of the designated beneficiary of an account. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
NSPL: means the national network of local crisis centers that provide free and confidential emotional support to people in suicidal crisis or emotional distress twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week via a toll-free hotline number, which receives calls made through the 9-8-8 system. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 36.03
NY ABLE account: shall mean an individual savings account established in accordance with the provisions of section 529A of the Internal Revenue Code. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
Office: means the office of mental health. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 7.03
office: means the office for people with developmental disabilities. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 13.03
Office: means the office of alcoholism and substance abuse services. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 19.03
officer: as used in this article , means a commissioned officer, a commissioned warrant officer or a warrant officer. See N.Y. Military Law 223
operating costs: means expenditures, excluding capital costs, incurred in the operation and maintenance of the community mental health, developmental disabilities, and alcoholism services board and of local facilities in accordance with this article and the regulations of the commissioner, by a local government or by a voluntary agency pursuant to a contract with a local governmental unit. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
Organization: means a person other than an individual. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Organized militia: means the organized militia, the composition of which is stated in section two of this chapter;

(2) "Officer" means a commissioned officer including a commissioned warrant officer;

(3) "Superior officer" means an officer superior in rank or command;

(4) "Enlisted person" means any person who is serving in an enlisted grade in any force of the organized militia;

(5) "Active state duty" means full time military duty in the active service of the state under an order of the governor issued pursuant to sections six or seven of this chapter and while going to and returning from such duty;

(6) "Duty status other than active state duty" means any one of the types of duty described in section forty-six of this chapter and while going to and returning from such duty;

(7) "Military court" means a court-martial, a court of inquiry, a provost court;

(8) "Military judge" means an official of a general court-martial detailed in accordance with section 130. See N.Y. Military Law 130.1
Outdoor lighting: means electrical lighting used to illuminate outdoor areas, including parking lots, streetlights, highways and area luminaires. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
Panel: means a subcommittee of four members of the surrogate decision-making committee. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 80.03
Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
Person: means an individual, estate, partnership, association, trust, business or nonprofit entity, public corporation, government or governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality, or other legal or commercial entity. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Person: means any individual, trustee, agency, partnership, association, corporation, company, municipality, political subdivision, or other legal entity. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Person: means any individual, partnership, association, corporation, public benefit corporation, municipality, political subdivision, governmental agency (including any agency of the federal government), trust, estate, or other legal entity. See N.Y. Energy Law 18-101
person: includes a partnership, corporation, or an association. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 79.01
Person: means any natural person, firm, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, entity, joint venture, association or organization. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
personal needs: means needs such as, but not limited to, food, clothing, shelter, health care, and safety. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Personal property: All property that is not real property.
physical coercion: means to place under duress, menace, or threaten physical violence or imprisonment. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
Place of business: means a designated location at which the business of the dealer is conducted, and, in relation to a retail dealer, facilities for displaying new or used motor vehicles. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
Plug-in luminous signs: means a self-contained, luminous sign unit that plugs into 120V AC building mains power and is intended for indoor use only. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Plumbing fixture: means an exchangeable device, which connects to a plumbing system to deliver and drain away water and waste. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Portable air conditioner: means a portable encased assembly, other than a packaged terminal air conditioner, room air conditioner, or dehumidifier, that delivers cooled, conditioned air to an enclosed space, and is powered by single-phase electric current. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
Power supply: means a single voltage external AC to DC or AC to AC power supply included with other retail products and single voltage external AC to DC or AC to AC power supply sold separately. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
President: means the president of the New York state energy research and development authority. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
Pressure regulator: means a device that maintains constant operating pressure immediately downstream from the device, given higher pressure upstream. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Pretrial conference: A meeting of the judge and lawyers to discuss which matters should be presented to the jury, to review evidence and witnesses, to set a timetable, and to discuss the settlement of the case.
Prime supplier: means any individual, trustee, agency, partnership, association, corporation, company, municipality, political subdivision or other legal entity which makes the first sale of any liquid fossil fuel into the state distribution system for consumption within the state. See N.Y. Energy Law 10-103
Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
Probate: Proving a will
Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
Product: means any appliance or equipment, other than a motor vehicle, which in operation consumes or is designed to consume energy or to result in the consumption of energy, including any water-related appliance, equipment or fixture that is designed to consume or result in the consumption of energy in its operation or use. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Program manager: shall mean a financial organization selected by the comptroller to act as a depository and manager of the program. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
Property: means anything that may be the subject of ownership. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
property management: means taking actions to obtain, administer, protect, and dispose of real and personal property, intangible property, business property, benefits, and income and to deal with financial affairs. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 81.03
Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
Psychiatric examiner: means a qualified psychiatrist or a licensed psychologist who has been designated to examine a person pursuant to this article; such designee may, but need not, be an employee of the office of mental health or the office for people with developmental disabilities. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Public lavatory faucet: means a fitting intended to be installed in nonresidential bathrooms that are exposed to walk-in traffic. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
Publish: means that any notice or resolution required to be published by a village shall be so printed within the time required in the law requring publication in the official newspaper of the village, or if none, one of general circulation within the village. See N.Y. Election Law 15-102
pull-down temperature application: means a commercial refrigerator with doors that, when fully loaded with twelve ounce beverage cans at ninety degrees Fahrenheit, can cool these beverages to an average stable temperature of thirty-eight degrees Fahrenheit in twelve hours or less. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Qualified dealer: means a dealer, other than a new motor vehicle dealer or a dealer owned in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, by a manufacturer, who:

(i) acting through a single person, but operating at one or more locations of such single person, has displayed new motor vehicles for sale and/or lease, and has sold and/or leased (excluding sales or leases of any affiliates) a minimum of four thousand new and/or used motor vehicles annually (of which at least forty percent annually were new motor vehicles) at retail regardless of make or model from any one or more locations of such single person within the state, in each year from nineteen hundred ninety-five through and including nineteen hundred ninety-eight, exclusively; or

(ii) has displayed new motor vehicles for sale and/or lease, and has sold and/or leased (excluding sales or leases of any affiliates) a minimum of two hundred twenty-five new and/or used motor vehicles (of which at least thirty-three and one-third percent were new motor vehicles) at retail, regardless of make or model, from any one or more locations within the state, in the twelve-month period preceding August thirty-first, nineteen hundred ninety-nine; or

(iii) was issued an original certificate of registration as a dealer with a validation date of May, nineteen hundred ninety-nine, has displayed new motor vehicles for sale and/or lease, and has sold and/or leased (excluding sales or leases of any affiliates) a minimum of one hundred fifty new and/or used motor vehicles (of which at least fifty were new motor vehicles), regardless of make or model, from any one or more locations within the state, in the period between July first, nineteen hundred ninety-nine and the effective date of chapter seven of the laws of two thousand. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
Qualified expenses: shall mean any qualified disability expense included in paragraph (5) of subsection (e) of section 529A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or any regulations promulgated thereunder. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
qualified psychiatrist: means a physician licensed to practice medicine in New York state who: (a) is a diplomate of the American board of psychiatry and neurology or is eligible to be certified by that board; or (b) is certified by the American osteopathic board of neurology and psychiatry or is eligible to be certified by that board. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 9.01
Qualified psychiatrist: means a physician licensed to practice medicine in New York state who: (1) is a diplomate of the American board of psychiatry and neurology or is eligible to be certified by that board; or (2) is certified by the American osteopathic board of neurology and psychiatry or is eligible to be certified by that board. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
Recreational vehicle: means a van or utility vehicle used for recreational purposes. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
reflector lamp: means any lamp in which light is produced by a filament heated to incandescence by an electric current, which: contains an inner reflective coating on the outer bulb to direct the light; is not colored; is not designed for rough or vibration service applications; is not an R20 short lamp; has an R, PAR, ER, BR, BPAR, or similar bulb shapes with an E26 medium screw base; has a rated voltage or voltage range that lies at least partially in the range of one hundred fifteen and one hundred thirty volts; has a diameter that exceeds 2. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Relative: means an individual related by consanguinity within the third degree as determined by the common law, a spouse or an individual related to a spouse within the third degree as so determined, and includes an individual in an adoptive relationship within the third degree. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
released: means release, conditional release or discharge from confinement, from community supervision by the department of corrections and community supervision, or from an order of observation, commitment, recommitment or retention. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Relevant market area: means :

(a) if the proposed additional or relocated motor vehicle dealer is to be located in a county having a population in excess of one hundred thousand, the area within the radius of six miles of the intended site of the proposed or relocated dealer. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 462
Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
Replacement aerator: means an aerator sold as a replacement, separate from the faucet to which it is intended to be attached. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
Residential ventilating fan: means a fan with the purpose to actively supply air to or remove air from the inside of a residence. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Respondent: means a person referred to a case review team for evaluation, a person as to whom a sex offender civil management petition has been recommended by a case review team and not yet filed, or filed by the attorney general and not dismissed, or sustained by procedures under this article. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
Retail dealer: means a dealer whose business consists in whole or in part of buying, selling or dealing in motor vehicles, motorcycles or trailers at retail. See N.Y. Vehicle and Traffic Law 415
Right of survivorship: The ownership rights that result in the acquisition of title to property by reason of having survived other co-owners.
room air cleaner: means an electric, cord-connected, portable appliance with the primary function of removing particulate matter from the air and which can be moved from room to room. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Savings agreement: shall mean an agreement between the comptroller or a financial organization and the account owner. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 84.03
Secretary: means the secretary of state. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Secure treatment facility: means a facility or a portion of a facility, designated by the commissioner, that may include a facility located on the grounds of a correctional facility, that is staffed with personnel from the office of mental health or the office for people with developmental disabilities for the purposes of providing care and treatment to persons confined under this article, and persons defined in paragraph five of subdivision (g) of this section. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
self-contained condensing unit: means a factory-made assembly of refrigerating components designed to compress and liquefy a specific refrigerant that is an integral part of the refrigerated equipment and consists of one or more refrigerant compressors, refrigerant condensers, condenser fans and motors, and factory supplied accessories. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
Sex offender requiring civil management: means a detained sex offender who suffers from a mental abnormality. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Sex offender requiring strict and intensive supervision: means a detained sex offender who suffers from a mental abnormality but is not a dangerous sex offender requiring confinement. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Sex offense: means an act or acts constituting: (1) any felony defined in Article one hundred thirty of the penal law, including a sexually motivated felony; (2) patronizing a person for prostitution in the first degree as defined in § 230. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Sexually motivated: means that the act or acts constituting a designated felony were committed in whole or in substantial part for the purpose of direct sexual gratification of the actor. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 10.03
Showerhead: means a device through which water is discharged for a shower bath and includes a hand-held showerhead but does not include a safety shower showerhead. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Single-duct portable air conditioner: means a portable air conditioner that draws all of the condenser inlet air from the conditioned space without the means of a duct and discharges the condenser outlet air outside the conditioned space through a single-duct attached to an adjustable window bracket. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Single-voltage external AC to DC or AC to AC power supply: means a device that:

(a) is designed to convert line voltage AC input into lower voltage DC or AC output;

(b) is able to convert to only one DC or AC output voltage at a time;

(c) is sold with, or intended to be used with, a separate end-use product that constitutes the primary load;

(d) is contained within a separate physical enclosure from the end-use product;

(e) is connected to the end-use product via a removable or hard-wired male/female electrical connection, cable, cord, or other wiring;

(f) does not have batteries or battery packs that physically attach directly (including those that are removable) to the power supply unit;

(g) does not have a battery chemistry or type selector switch and an indicator light; or does not have a battery chemistry or type selector switch and a state of charge meter;

(h) has a nameplate output power less than or equal to two hundred fifty watts. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Small network equipment: means a device whose primary function is to pass internet protocol (IP) traffic among various network interfaces or ports intended for use in residential and small business settings. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Special village election: means any election of village officers, other than, the general village election. See N.Y. Election Law 15-102
Spray sprinkler body: means the exterior case or shell of a sprinkler incorporating a means of connection to the piping system designed to convey water to a nozzle or orifice. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Standby-passive mode: means the condition in which a power supply or consumer audio and video product is connected to a power source, and does not fulfill its main function, and can be switched to active mode with the remote control unit or an internal signal. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
State infrastructure agency: shall mean the department, the department of transportation, the department of education, the department of health, the department of state, the New York state environmental facilities corporation, the New York state housing finance agency, the housing trust fund corporation, the dormitory authority, the thruway authority, the port authority of New York and New Jersey, the empire state development corporation, the New York state urban development corporation and all other New York authorities. See N.Y. Environmental Conservation Law 6-0103
state-regulated BCS: means a battery charger coupled with its batteries or battery chargers coupled with their batteries, which together are referred to as state-regulated battery charger systems. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
supported decision-making: means a way by which a decision-maker utilizes support from trusted persons in their life, in order to make their own decisions about their life, including, but not limited to, decisions related to where and with whom the decision-maker wants to live; decisions about finances; the services, supports, and health care the decision-maker wants to receive; and where the decision-maker wants to work. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
supported decision-making agreement: is a n agreement a decision-maker enters into with one or more supporters under this section that describes how the decision-maker uses supported decision-making to make their own decisions. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
supporter: means an adult who has voluntarily entered into a supported decision-making agreement with a decision-maker, agreeing to assist the decision-maker in making their own decisions as prescribed by the supported decision-making agreement, and who is not ineligible under section 82. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
Surrogate decision-making committee: means a committee of at least twelve persons established pursuant to section 80. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 80.03
Telephone: means an electronic product whose primary purpose is to transmit and receive sound over a distance using a voice or data network. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Temporary nuclear waste repository: means any facility where spent fuel rods from nuclear reactors are received on or after the effective date of this article and are stored pending further or final disposal, except a facility located in the immediate vicinity of a nuclear power generating facility or an operating nuclear reactor which is used to store, on an interim or temporary basis, spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power generating facilities or operating nuclear reactors located in this state. See N.Y. Energy Law 18-101
Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
Tenancy by the entirety: A type of joint tenancy between husband and wife that is recognized in some States. Neither party can sever the joint tenancy relationship; when a spouse dies, the survivor acquires full title to the property.
Testate: To die leaving a will.
Testify: Answer questions in court.
Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
Torchiere lighting fixture: means a portable electric lighting fixture with a reflective bowl that is designed to direct light upward onto a ceiling so as to produce indirect illumination on the surfaces below. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
Transfer: means every mode, direct or indirect, absolute or conditional, voluntary or involuntary, of disposing of or parting with an asset or an interest in an asset, and includes payment of money, release, lease, license, and creation of a lien or other encumbrance. See N.Y. Debtor and Creditor Law 270
Treatment facility: means a facility designated by the commissioner which may only include a general hospital as defined in Article 28 of the public health law, or a medically managed or medically supervised withdrawal, inpatient rehabilitation, or residential stabilization treatment program that has been certified by the commissioner to have appropriate medical staff available on-site at all times to provide emergency services and continued evaluation of capacity of individuals retained under this section or a crisis stabilization center licensed pursuant to article 36. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 22.09
Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
Trough-type urinal: means a urinal designed for simultaneous use by two or more persons. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
Tub spout diverters: means the following definitions:

(a) A bath and shower diverter whose diverter mechanism is located in the tub spout; and/or

(b) Bath and shower diverter means a device used to direct the flow of water either toward a tub spout or toward a secondary outlet intended for showering purposes, including a showerhead or body spray. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
undue influence: means moral or mental coercion that leads someone to carry out the wishes of another instead of their own because they are unable to refuse or resist. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 82.02
Uniform code: means the New York state uniform fire prevention and building code adopted pursuant to Article 18 of the executive law. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
Uninterruptable power supply: means a battery charger consisting of a combination of convertors, switches and energy storage devices (such as batteries), constituting a power system for maintaining continuity of load power in case of input power failure. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Unit heater: means a self-contained, vented fan-type commercial space heater that uses natural gas or propane, and that is designed to be installed without ducts within a heated space, except that such term does not include any products covered by federal standards established pursuant to 42 U. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Urinal: means a plumbing fixture that receives only liquid body waste and, conveys the waste through a trap into a drainage system. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
Vehicular traffic signal module: means an electrically operated standard 8-inch (200mm) or 12-inch (300mm) round traffic control device composed of one or more indications which is erected for the exclusive purpose of directing vehicular traffic at signalized locations. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.
Village election: means and includes both general and special village elections for officers. See N.Y. Election Law 15-102
Village primary: means any election held by a political party for the purpose of nominating candidates for elective village offices. See N.Y. Election Law 15-102
voluntary agency: means a corporation organized or existing pursuant to the not-for-profit corporation law for the purpose of providing local services. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 41.03
ward: means a beneficiary of the administration. See N.Y. Mental Hygiene Law 79.01
Water closet: means a plumbing fixture having a water-containing receptor that receives liquid and solid body waste through an exposed integral trap into a drainage system. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Water cooler: means a freestanding device that consumes energy to cool and/or heat potable water. See N.Y. Energy Law 16-102
Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.

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