N.Y. Workers’ Compensation Law 52 – Effect of failure to secure compensation
§ 52. Effect of failure to secure compensation. 1. (a) Failure to secure the payment of compensation for five or less employees within a twelve month period shall constitute a misdemeanor, and is punishable by a fine of not less than one thousand nor more than five thousand dollars. Failure to secure the payment of compensation for more than five employees within a twelve month period shall constitute a class E felony, and is punishable by a fine of not less than five thousand dollars nor more than fifty thousand dollars in addition to any other penalties otherwise provided by law. It shall be an affirmative defense to any criminal prosecution under this section that the employer took reasonable steps to secure compensation.
Attorney's Note
Under the New York Laws, punishments for crimes depend on the classification. In the case of this section:| Class | Prison | Fine |
|---|---|---|
| Class D felony | between 1 and 7 years | up to $5,000 |
| Class E felony | between 1 and 4 years | up to $5,000 |
Terms Used In N.Y. Workers' Compensation Law 52
- Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
- Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
- Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
(b) Where any person has previously been convicted of a failure to secure the payment of compensation within the preceding five years, upon conviction for a subsequent violation such person shall be guilty of a class D felony, and fined not less than ten thousand nor more than fifty thousand dollars in addition to any other penalties including fines otherwise provided by law.
(c) Where the employer is a corporation, the president, secretary and treasurer thereof shall be liable for failure to secure the payment of compensation under this section. It shall be an affirmative defense to any action against any officer of a corporation under this section that the officer took reasonable steps to ensure that the corporation secured compensation, that proper internal procedures were in effect to do so, and that proper internal controls existed to monitor compliance with said procedures.
(d) If at any time an employer intentionally and materially understates or conceals payroll, or intentionally and materially misrepresents or conceals employee duties so as to avoid proper classification for calculation of premium paid to secure compensation, or intentionally and materially misrepresents or conceals information pertinent to the calculation of premium paid to secure compensation, such employer shall be deemed to have failed to secure compensation and shall be subject to the sanctions applicable to this section.
(e) A stop-work order issued because an employer is deemed to have failed to secure compensation under section one hundred forty-one-a of this chapter shall have no effect upon an employer's or carrier's duty to provide benefits under this chapter or upon any of the employer's or carrier's rights and defenses.
2. All fines imposed under this chapter, except as herein otherwise provided, shall be paid directly and immediately by the officer collecting the same to the chairman, and shall be paid by him into the uninsured employers' fund created under section twenty-six-a of this chapter, provided, however, that all such fines collected by justices of towns and villages shall be paid to the state comptroller in accordance with the provisions of § 27 of the town law and section 4-410 of the village law respectively.
3. In any prosecution hereunder the failure of the employer to file with the chairman, within ten days after demand, a statement subscribed by the employer and affirmed by him as true under the penalties of perjury showing specifically (a) the name of the stock company, mutual corporation or reciprocal insurer in which such employer is insured and the number and the date of issuance and term of such policy of insurance, or (b) that the said employer is insured with the state fund in which case he shall give the number of such policy of insurance, the date of issuance and term thereof, or (c) that the said employer has been authorized to do business as a self-insurer pursuant to section fifty of this article, giving the date of said authorization, or (d) a legal reason, if any, why said employer is not required to secure compensation, shall constitute prima facie evidence that the employer has failed to secure compensation as herein required. The statement to be filed herein shall be subscribed by the employer or if the employer is a corporation by one of the officers herein named in which he shall state that he has read such statement subscribed by him and knows the contents thereof and that same is true of his own knowledge.
4. If, however, there has been an accident and the board shall have made an award against the employer as a non-insured employer, the making of such award, except in a case where the employer had secured compensation insurance which was in effect at the time of the accident but the carrier later became insolvent, shall constitute prima facie evidence of an employment by the employer of an employee in an occupation in which the said employer was required to carry compensation and of the failure of the employer to secure the payment of workers' compensation on the date of the accident involved in said award. A certified copy of such award shall be received as competent evidence of the making thereof in any criminal prosecution hereunder.
5. The chair, upon finding that an employer has failed for a period of not less than ten consecutive days to make the provision for payment of compensation required by section fifty of this article, may impose upon such employer, in addition to all other penalties, fines or assessments provided for in this chapter, a penalty of up to two thousand dollars for each ten day period of non-compliance or a sum not in excess of two times the cost of compensation for its payroll for the period of such failure, which sum shall be paid into the uninsured employers' fund created under section twenty-six-a of this chapter. When an employer fails to provide business records sufficient to enable the chair to determine the employer's payroll for the period requested for the calculation of the penalty provided in this section, the imputed weekly payroll for each employee, corporate officer, sole proprietor, or partner shall be the New York state average weekly wage, multiplied by 1.5. Where the employer is a corporation, the president, secretary and treasurer thereof shall be liable for the penalty. If the employer shall within thirty days after notice of the imposition of a penalty by the chair pursuant to this subdivision make an application in affidavit form for a redetermination review of such penalty the chair shall make a decision in writing on the issues raised on such application.