North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.94CC. Liability under this section; exceptions
(a) Any responsible person shall be strictly liable, notwithstanding any language of limitation found in N.C. Gen. Stat. § 143-215.89, for all cleanup and removal costs and all direct or indirect damages incurred within the territorial jurisdiction of the State by any injured party that arise out of, or are caused by any of the following:
(1) The discharge, as defined in N.C. Gen. Stat. § 143-215.77, of natural gas, oil, or drilling waste into or onto coastal fishing waters or offshore waters, from any of the following sources wherever located:
a. Any well or undersea site at which there is exploration for or extraction or recovery of natural gas or oil.
b. Any facility, oil rig, or oil platform at which there is exploration for, or extraction, recovery, processing, or storage of, natural gas or oil.
c. Any vessel in which natural gas, oil, or drilling waste is transported, processed or stored other than for purposes of fuel for the vessel carrying it.
d. Any pipeline in which natural gas, oil, or drilling waste is transported.
Terms Used In North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.94CC
- Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
- Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
- Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
- Discharge: shall mean , but shall not be limited to, any emission, spillage, leakage, pumping, pouring, emptying, or dumping of oil or other hazardous substances into waters of the State or into waters outside the territorial limits of the State which affect lands, waters or uses related thereto within the territorial limits of the State, or upon land in such proximity to waters that oil or other hazardous substances is reasonably likely to reach the waters, but shall not include amounts less than quantities which may be harmful to the public health or welfare as determined pursuant to N. See North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.77
- following: when used by way of reference to any section of a statute, shall be construed to mean the section next preceding or next following that in which such reference is made; unless when some other section is expressly designated in such reference. See North Carolina General Statutes 12-3
- Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
- Oil: shall mean oil of any kind and in any form, including, but specifically not limited to, petroleum, crude oil, diesel oil, fuel oil, gasoline, lubrication oil, oil refuse, oil mixed with other waste, oil sludge, petroleum related products or by-products, and all other liquid hydrocarbons, regardless of specific gravity, whether singly or in combination with other substances. See North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.77
- Person: shall mean any and all natural persons, firms, partnerships, associations, public or private institutions, municipalities or political subdivisions, governmental agencies, or private or public corporations organized or existing under the laws of this State or any other state or country. See North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.77
- Pipeline: shall mean any conduit, pipe or system of pipes, and any appurtenances related thereto and used in conjunction therewith, used, or capable of being used, for transporting or transferring oil to, from, or between oil terminal facilities. See North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.77
- Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
- state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories, so called; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the said district and territories and all dependencies. See North Carolina General Statutes 12-3
- Vessel: shall include every description of watercraft or other contrivance used, or capable of being used, as a means of transportation on water, whether self-propelled or otherwise, and shall include, but shall not be limited to, barges and tugs; provided that the term "vessel" as used herein shall not apply to any pleasure, sport or commercial fishing vessel which has a fuel capacity of less than 500 gallons and is not used to transport petroleum, petroleum products, or general cargo. See North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.77
- Waters: shall mean any stream, river, creek, brook, run, canal, swamp, lake, sound, tidal estuary, bay, reservoir, waterway, wetlands, or any other body or accumulation of water, surface or underground, public or private, natural or artificial, which is contained within, flows through, or borders upon this State, or any portion thereof, including those portions of the Atlantic Ocean over which this State has jurisdiction. See North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.77
(2) Any exploration in or upon coastal fishing waters.
(3) Any technique or method used for cleanup and removal of any discharge of natural gas, oil, or drilling waste from any source listed in subdivision (1) of this subsection into or onto coastal fishing waters, including, but not limited to, chemical dispersants.
(b) A responsible person is not liable to an injured party under this section for any of the following:
(1) Damages, other than costs of removal incurred by the State or a local government, caused solely by any act of war, hostilities, civil war, or insurrection or by an unanticipated grave natural disaster or other act of God of an exceptional, inevitable, and irresistible character, which could not have been prevented or avoided by the exercise of due care or foresight.
(2) Damages caused solely by the negligence or intentional malfeasance of that injured party.
(3) Damages caused solely by the criminal act of a third party other than the defendant or an agent or employee of the defendant. In any action arising under the provisions of this Article wherein this exception is raised as a defense to liability, the burden of proving that the alleged third-party intervention occurred in such a manner as to limit the liability of the person sought to be held liable shall be upon the person charged.
(4) Natural seepage not caused by a responsible person.
(5) Discharge of oil or natural gas from a private pleasure boat or commercial fishing vessel having a fuel capacity of less than 500 gallons.
(6) Damages which arise out of, or are caused by, a discharge that is authorized by and in compliance with a State or federal permit.
(7) Damages that could have been reasonably mitigated by the injured party in accordance with common law.
(c) A court of suitable jurisdiction in any action under this Part may award reasonable costs of the suit and attorneys’ fees, and the costs of any necessary expert witnesses, to any prevailing plaintiff. The court may award reasonable costs of the suit and attorneys’ fees to any prevailing defendant only if the court finds that the plaintiff commenced or prosecuted the suit under this Part in bad faith or solely for purposes of harassing the defendant. (1989, c. 656, s. 5; c. 770, ss. 75.4, 75.5; 2010-179, s. 1(c).)