North Dakota Code 51-28-08.1 – Telephone caller identification system fraud – Exceptions – Definitions
1. A person may not, in connection with any telecommunications service or internet protocol enabled voice service, knowingly cause any telephone caller identification system to:
Attorney's Note
Under the North Dakota Code, punishments for crimes depend on the classification. In the case of this section:| Class | Prison | Fine |
|---|---|---|
| Class A misdemeanor | up to 360 days | up to $3,000 |
Terms Used In North Dakota Code 51-28-08.1
- Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
- Person: means an individual, organization, government, political subdivision, or government agency or instrumentality. See North Dakota Code 1-01-49
- Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
- Property: includes property, real and personal. See North Dakota Code 1-01-49
- State: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See North Dakota Code 1-01-49
- Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
a. Transmit misleading or inaccurate caller identification information with the intent to defraud or cause harm; or
b. Use or display a telephone number the caller does not own or has not received consent to use from the owner of the telephone number.
2. This section does not apply to:
a. The blocking of caller identification information; b. A law enforcement agency of the federal, state, county, or municipal government; c. An intelligence or security agency of the federal government; d. A telecommunications, broadband, or voice over internet protocol service provider acting solely as an intermediary for the transmission of telephone service between the caller and the recipient; e. Activity engaged in under a court order that specifically authorizes the use of caller manipulation; or
f. A caller who, based on the telephone number called, reasonably believes the recipient of the call is not physically within the state.
3. Any person who receives a call in violation of subsection 1 may bring a civil action in a court of this state in the county in which the call recipient resides to enjoin such action, or for damages, or both. If the plaintiff prevails, the court must award the plaintiff the plaintiff’s actual damages or damages in an amount not less than five thousand dollars and not more than ten thousand dollars per violation, whichever is greater. Each call is a separate violation under this chapter. The court shall award the plaintiff’s costs, expenses, and reasonable attorney’s fees. The relief provided in this section is in addition to all remedies available to the attorney general under this chapter in any investigation or action brought by the attorney general against the caller in the plaintiff’s private action. This section may not be interpreted to limit any other claims the person may have against the caller or any other claims the attorney general may bring under this chapter, chapter 51-15, or any other state or federal laws.
4. In addition to the remedies and penalties provided in this chapter, a person violating subsection 1 is guilty of a class A misdemeanor, and the venue must be in the county in which the call recipient received the call or the county in which the call recipient resides.
5. As used in this section:
a. “Call” means any type of telephonic communication made using a public switched telephone network, wireless cellular telephone service, or voice over internet protocol service that has the capability of accessing users on the public switched telephone network or a successor network.
b. “Caller” means a person that places a call, whether by telephone, over a telephone line, or on a computer.
c. “Defraud” means taking anything of value, including money, property, or time, without consent from the recipient of a call.
d. “Telephone caller identification system” means a listing of a caller’s name, telephone number, or name and telephone number shown to a recipient of a call when it is received.