Oregon Statutes 498.022 – Purchase, sale, exchange or possession of wildlife or wildlife parts or products; rules; penalty
(1) Except as the State Fish and Wildlife Commission by rule may provide otherwise, but subject to subsection (2) of this section, a person may not purchase, sell or exchange, or offer to purchase, sell or exchange any wildlife, or any part of any wildlife.
Terms Used In Oregon Statutes 498.022
- Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC
- Bequest: Property gifted by will.
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
- Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
- Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
- Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
- Person: includes individuals, corporations, associations, firms, partnerships, limited liability companies and joint stock companies. See Oregon Statutes 174.100
- state government: means the executive department, the judicial department and the legislative department. See Oregon Statutes 174.111
(2)(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this subsection, and notwithstanding any other provision of law, or rule enacted pursuant to subsection (1) of this section, a person may not purchase, sell, offer for sale or possess with intent to sell any item that the person knows or should know is a covered animal species part or product.
(b) This subsection does not apply:
(A) To employees or agents of the federal or state government undertaking any law enforcement activities pursuant to federal or state law or any mandatory duties required by federal or state law;
(B) When the activity is expressly authorized by federal law;
(C) When the activity involves a species that is subject to a federal management plan under Title III of P.L. 94-265 (16 U.S.C. § 1851 to 1869), as amended;
(D) When the activity is exempt under ORS § 498.257 (3) or 509.160 (3);
(E) When the covered animal species part or product is a fixed component of an antique that is not made wholly or primarily of the covered animal species part or product, provided that the antique status is established by the owner or seller of the antique with documentation evidencing provenance and showing the covered animal species part or product to be not less than 100 years old and provided that the total weight of the covered animal species part or product is less than 200 grams;
(F) When the covered animal species part or product is a fixed component of a musical instrument, including, but not limited to, string instruments and bows, wind and percussion instruments and pianos, provided that the covered animal species part or product was legally acquired and provided that the total weight of the covered animal species part or product is less than 200 grams;
(G) To the noncommercial transfer of ownership of a covered animal species part or product to a legal beneficiary of an estate, trust or other inheritance;
(H) To the possession of a covered animal species part or product by any enrolled member of a federally recognized Indian tribe; or
(I) To the sale of a covered animal species part or product by or to a bona fide scientific or educational institution when the sale is made pursuant to a written gift agreement or similar instrument entered into before July 1, 2017.
(c)(A) Unless otherwise prohibited by federal law, the State Department of Fish and Wildlife may permit the purchase, sale or donation of a lawfully acquired covered animal species part or product by or to a bona fide scientific or educational institution for scientific or educational purposes on or after July 1, 2017.
(B) For each covered animal species part or product that is purchased, sold or donated under this paragraph, the bona fide scientific or educational institution shall:
(i) Keep documentation from the transaction detailing the type of part or product acquired and the source of the part or product; and
(ii) Provide the department with a copy of the documentation described in sub-subparagraph (i) of this subparagraph.
(d) There is a presumption of possession with intent to sell a covered animal species part or product when the part or product is possessed by a retail or wholesale establishment or other forum engaged in the business of buying or selling of similar items. This rebuttable presumption does not preclude a finding of intent to sell based on any other evidence that may serve to independently establish such intent.
(e) Each violation of this subsection is punishable by a civil penalty not to exceed $6,500 or an amount equal to two times the total value of the covered animal species part or product that is the subject of the violation, whichever is higher. The civil penalty authorized by this paragraph shall be imposed in the manner provided by ORS § 183.745.
(f) Any covered animal species part or product that is subject to seizure by or forfeiture to the department may not be sold by the department.
(g) The commission may adopt rules necessary for the implementation of this subsection, including rules restricting the purchase, sale, offer for sale or possession with intent to sell of parts or products of any animal species that so closely resemble in appearance parts or products of a covered animal species that law enforcement personnel would have substantial difficulty in attempting to differentiate between the species.
(h) As used in this subsection:
(A) ‘Bona fide scientific or educational institution’ means:
(i) A career school granted authority to operate under ORS § 345.010 to 345.340;
(ii) A community college established under ORS Chapter 341;
(iii) An education service district as defined in ORS § 334.003;
(iv) The Oregon Health and Science University;
(v) A public high school;
(vi) A public university listed in ORS § 352.002;
(vii) Any institution not otherwise listed in this subparagraph that is exempt from ORS § 348.594 to 348.615 under ORS § 348.597 (2); or
(viii) A zoo or aquarium that is accredited under standards that equal or exceed the accreditation standards of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums in effect on May 18, 2017.
(B) ‘Covered animal species’ means any species of:
(i) Elephant;
(ii) Rhinoceros;
(iii) Whale;
(iv) Tiger;
(v) Lion;
(vi) Leopard;
(vii) Cheetah;
(viii) Jaguar;
(ix) Pangolin;
(x) Sea Turtle;
(xi) Shark (excluding spiny dogfish as defined in ORS § 498.257); or
(xii) Ray.
(C) ‘Covered animal species part or product’ means any item that contains, or is wholly or partially made from, any covered animal species.
(D) ‘Person’ means any individual, firm, partnership, joint venture, corporation, limited liability company, joint stock company, estate, trust, receiver, syndicate, association or other legal entity.
(E) ‘Sale’ or ‘sell’ means any act of selling, trading or bartering for monetary or nonmonetary consideration and includes any transfer of ownership that occurs in the course of a commercial transaction, but does not include a nonmonetary transfer of ownership by way of gift, donation or bequest.
(F) ‘Total value’ means either the fair market value or the actual price paid for a covered animal species part or product, whichever is greater. [1973 c.723 § 77; 2017 c.3 § 2; 2017 c.107 § 1]
The repeal of statutes in ORS Chapter 345 by section 17, chapter 273, Oregon Laws 2023, becomes operative July 1, 2024. See section 19, chapter 273, Oregon Laws 2023. Until July 1, 2024, a reference to the series 345.010 to 345.340 should be considered a reference to the series 345.010 to 345.450. See Preface to Oregon Revised Statutes for further explanation.
[Amended by 1961 c.276 § 1; renumbered 498.820]