Subject to limitations provided in this chapter, a claimant may claim in any year as a credit against Rhode Island personal income taxes due on his or her income. If the allowable amount of the claim exceeds the income taxes due on the claimant’s income, or if there are no Rhode Island personal income taxes due on the claimant’s income, the amount of the claim not used as an offset against income taxes is treated as an overpayment of personal income taxes and refunded to the claimant from balances retained by the general treasurer for general purposes. No interest is allowed on any payment made to a claimant pursuant to this chapter.