Terms Used In Rhode Island General Laws > Chapter 5-51 - Rhode Island State Board of Examiners of Landscape Architects

• Administrator: means the director of the division of taxation. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-40-2
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• amount expended: means the actual sums of money spent, or the cost or other basis for federal tax purposes of real or tangible personal property donated or dedicated to the establishment of a child day care center. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-47-2
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Balanced budget: A budget in which receipts equal outlays.
• Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
• Beverage: means all non-alcoholic drinks for human consumption, except milk but including beer and other malt beverages. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Beverage container: means any sealable bottle, can, jar, or carton which contains a beverage. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Beverage retailer: means any person who engages in the sale of a beverage container to a consumer within the state of Rhode Island, including any operator of a vending machine. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Beverage wholesaler: means any person who engages in the sale of beverage containers to beverage retailers in this state, including any brewer, manufacturer, or bottler who engages in those sales. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Board: means the Rhode Island state board of examiners of landscape architects. See Rhode Island General Laws 5-51-1
• Case: means :

  (i)  Forty-eight (48) beverage containers sold or offered for sale within this state when each beverage container has a liquid capacity of seven (7) fluid ounces or less;

  (ii)  Twenty-four (24) beverage containers sold or offered for sale within this state when each beverage container has a liquid capacity in excess of seven (7) fluid ounces but less than or equal to sixteen and nine tenths (16. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2

• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Consumer: means any person who purchases a beverage in a beverage container for use or consumption with no intent to resell that filled beverage container. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Department: means the department of business regulation. See Rhode Island General Laws 5-51-1
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Director: means the director of the department of business regulation or his or her designee. See Rhode Island General Laws 5-51-1
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
• Employer: means a person, corporation, partnership, estate, or trust subject to the provisions of § 44-30-71. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-46-2
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Federal generation-skipping transfer tax: means the tax imposed by Rhode Island General Laws 44-40-2
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Generation-skipping transfer: means every transfer subject to the tax imposed under Rhode Island General Laws 44-40-2
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Gross receipts: means those receipts reported for each location to the tax administrator included in the measure of tax imposed under chapter 18 of this title, as amended. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Hard-to-dispose material: is a s defined in Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Hard-to-dispose material retailer: means any person who engages in the retail sale of hard-to-dispose material (as defined in Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Hard-to-dispose material wholesaler: means any person, wherever located, who engages in the sale of hard-to-dispose material (as defined in Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• in writing: include printing, engraving, lithographing, and photo-lithographing, and all other representations of words in letters of the usual form. See Rhode Island General Laws 43-3-16
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Landscape architect: means a person who engages or offers to engage in the practice of landscape architecture. See Rhode Island General Laws 5-51-1
• Landscape architecture: means planning and designing the use, allocation, and arrangement of land and water resources, through the creative application of biological, physical, mathematical, and social processes. See Rhode Island General Laws 5-51-1
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• Original transferor: means any grantor, donor, trustor, or testator who by gift, trust, or will makes a transfer of real or personal property that results in a federal generation- skipping transfer tax under applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of the United States, Rhode Island General Laws 44-40-2
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Paid employment: means a period of time during which an employee has been hired by a business and is receiving wages for his or her services. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-46-2
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Person: means any natural person, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, proprietorship, firm, or other business entity. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• person: may be construed to extend to and include co-partnerships and bodies corporate and politic. See Rhode Island General Laws 43-3-6
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Prior calendar year: means the period beginning with January 1 and ending with December 31 immediately preceding the permit application due date. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• seal: shall be construed to include an impression of the seal made with or without the use of wax or wafer on the paper. See Rhode Island General Laws 43-3-15
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• town: may be construed to include city; the words "town council" include city council; the words "town clerk" include city clerk; the words "ward clerk" include clerk of election district; the words "town treasurer" include city treasurer; and the words "town sergeant" include city sergeant. See Rhode Island General Laws 43-3-9
• Trustor: The person who makes or creates a trust. Also known as the grantor or settlor.
• United States: include the several states and the territories of the United States. See Rhode Island General Laws 43-3-8
• Vending machine: means a self-contained automatic device that dispenses for sale foods, beverages, or confection products. See Rhode Island General Laws 44-44-2
• worksite-based: means a physical location in this state at which the taxpayer conducts his or her normal trade or business and "non-worksite" means other than "worksite-based". See Rhode Island General Laws 44-46-2
• Writ of certiorari: An order issued by the Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case for which it will hear on appeal.