There is hereby created the War Between the States Heritage Trust, the trustee of which shall be the War Between the States Heritage Trust Commission. The corpus of the trust shall be made up of those War Between the States Heritage Preserves which the commission considers to be of such outstanding and unique natural or cultural character so as to be significant and essential to the carrying out of the goals and purposes of this chapter and as such, to merit a greater degree of preservation than that provided by dedication. The commission shall have authority to place into the corpus of the trust any War Between the States Heritage Preserve that it feels meets this criteria and which has been recommended for inclusion therein by the advisory board. The beneficiaries of this trust are and shall be the present and future generations of citizens of the State, more particularly those present and future citizens residing within a close proximity to any area or feature which itself, or an interest therein, becomes, constitutes, or comprises a part of the corpus of such trust and who actually enjoy use of such area or feature; and further and more particularly, those present and future students, teachers, and persons residing in the State who are concerned with conservation or with research in any facet of ecology, history, or archeology and who actually utilize any such area or feature for the promotion of such interest.

Wherever the term "area or feature" is used in this section, it shall include "or interests therein". The following, except as otherwise expressly provided, shall constitute substantive terms of the trust and apply to any area or feature, which becomes a part of the corpus thereof:

(1) Upon approval by the commission of the inclusion of a War Between the States Heritage Preserve in the corpus of the War Between the States Heritage Trust, such transfer shall be recorded in the county in which the property is located and shall establish conclusive proof that such area or feature is suitable for preservation and protection under this chapter and constitutes a part of the corpus of the War Between the States Heritage Trust.

(2) In any case wherein the previous owner of a War Between the States Heritage Preserve has restricted such area or feature from inclusion in the War Between the States Heritage Trust, or where the previous owner has withheld an interest therein such as a life estate or reverter, the War Between the States Heritage Preserve involved shall not be allowed to become a part of the corpus of the War Between the States Heritage Trust unless, at a subsequent time, such approval is obtained from such person or his successor in interest.

(3) Upon the approval by the commission of the inclusion of any War Between the States Heritage Preserve in the War Between the States Heritage Trust and the transfer of the title or interest held by the commission therein to the trust, subject to the provisions of item (2) of this section, legal title to such area or feature shall be conveyed to the trustee of the War Between the States Heritage Trust and the equitable, or beneficial ownership, shall rest in those beneficiaries previously stated and described, whether such property was owned by a private or public source prior to dedication.

(4) Upon approval by the advisory board, the commission and any agency of the State are hereby authorized to enter into agreement in advance with any person, firm, corporation, legal entity of government, or any private group that any particular area or feature shall be conveyed to the trustee in trust under the provisions of this chapter.

(5) Upon approval by the commission of inclusion of any War Between the States Heritage Preserve into the corpus of the War Between the States Heritage Trust, the advisory board shall review the management plan therefore, as well as the Dedication Agreement, and any other sources of information which it may consider appropriate. Upon approval thereof by the commission, the commission or that agency or group assigned management responsibilities therefore shall manage the property in accordance therewith. Except to the extent expressly otherwise provided in the Dedication Agreement, the following substantive terms shall be deemed to be set forth in the conveyance to the War Between the States Heritage Trust and the trustee shall hold such property in trust subject to such terms:

(a) The essential natural character of the property shall be maintained.

(b) There shall be no erection or any improvements thereon except those improvements necessary for the security, safety, or convenience of the public and those required for maintenance, historical interpretation, and management or to restore it to its War Between the States state.

(c) Cutting or burning of timber, wood, or other destruction of flora or fauna shall be permitted only for conservation or regeneration of flora or fauna; for the control of plant succession by deliberate manipulation for restoration of preservation of a particular vegetation type or of an endangered species of flora, fauna, or wildlife; or for the establishment and maintenance of nature and hiking trails, picnic areas, camping areas, and the like where compatible and consistent with the character of the area or feature concerned and not seriously damaging or detrimental to the natural quality of the property.

(d) No stream shall be dammed or have its course altered except to return it to its natural flow.

(e) No motorized vehicles shall be permitted on the property other than those utilized by the trustee or its agents in management and protection of the property or used by the general public for ingress and egress to the property in compliance with the management plan for the area or feature concerned.

(f) No change shall be made in the general topography of the area or feature, except for those minimal alterations which may be necessary to provide on-foot access to the public for visitation or observation or to return worn or altered topographical features to their original historical features, and this shall be done only where wholly compatible and consistent with the character of the property and where no detrimental effect shall result.

(g) No activity shall be allowed or permitted which might pollute any stream, body of water, or the atmosphere.

(h) No signs, billboards, or other advertising of any kind shall be erected; however, informational and directional signs related to the designation of the area, historical interpretation, or feature as a War Between the States Heritage Preserve and related to the public’s enjoyment thereof shall be allowed when approved by the trustee.

(i) No other acts or uses which are detrimental to the retention of the property in its natural or historical state shall be allowed, including those detrimental to flood control, drainage, water conservation, erosion control or soil conservation, or fish or wildlife habitat preservation.

(j) Where cultural areas or features are involved, reasonable excavation, improvement, and the like shall be allowed for research purposes, as well as to restore such areas or features, and for historical interpretation.

(k) The trust shall continue in perpetuity.

(l) Nothing in this chapter shall be interpreted as restricting the use of an existing or any future easement, express or implied, in favor of any utility or other holder of an easement for public purposes.

(6) Those natural and related cultural areas and features that are acquired as War Between the States Heritage Preserves in accordance with the trust provisions of this chapter are hereby declared to be as such at their highest, best, and most important use for the public benefit. The State, any agencies thereof, local or county entities of government, or public utility which has the power of condemnation by law may acquire by purchase, gift, or eminent domain an easement or other interest in any property comprising a part of the corpus of the War Between the States Heritage Trust; provided, however, that before any such condemnation shall occur a court of competent jurisdiction shall determine the following:

(a) there is an unavoidable and imperative public necessity that the property or interest therein be taken for another public use;

(b) that there is no feasible and prudent alternative for the proposed use for which the property or interest therein is to be taken; and

(c) that the proposal for taking includes all possible planning to minimize the harm done to such property resulting from such proposed use. Where the court deems appropriate, a public hearing shall be conducted prior to the court’s decision to allow comment and input thereto. No city, county, public district, agency of the State, or public utility of the State shall acquire any real property which is a part of the corpus of the War Between the States Heritage Trust through condemnation for the purpose of utilizing such property for another public use unless the acquiring entity pays or transfers to the War Between the States Heritage Trust sufficient compensation to enable the operating entity to replace the real property and facilities thereon. The trustee of the trust shall have authority to utilize such proceeds to acquire additional property for the trust and to maintain those properties that form the corpus of the trust.

(7) The common law of South Carolina pertaining to trusts shall be applicable to the War Between the States Heritage Trust and to all areas or features, or interests therein, which become parts of this corpus. Without in any way limiting the generality of the foregoing, such trusts shall not fail for want of a trustee, and the trust shall be terminated as to any particular area or feature, or interest therein, only upon total failure of the intended purpose. Any substitution of the trustee or termination of the trust as to any particular area or feature, or interests therein, shall occur only after appropriate judicial action wherein the beneficiaries are adequately represented, and such total failure shall not in any way affect the remainder of the property within the corpus of the trust.

(8) The trustee shall hold, manage, preserve, and enforce the various areas and features, or interests therein, which become a part of the corpus of the trust in accordance with the terms of this chapter and in any respective conveyances and transfers thereto. To that end the trustees may adopt and modify rules and regulations for the use and enjoyment of such trust properties by the public and may employ or appoint agents to act on their behalf in the management of such properties.