(1) A school bus driver shall actuate alternately flashing lights only when the school bus is stopped or stopping on a highway or private road for the purpose of receiving or discharging pupils in the manner provided in this act. A school bus driver shall not actuate the alternately flashing lights when operating on a public highway or private road and transporting passengers primarily other than school pupils.

    (2) The driver of a school bus while operating upon the public highways or private roadways open to the public shall receive or discharge pupils from the bus in the following manner:

    (a) If pupils are required to cross the roadway, the driver of a school bus equipped with only the alternately flashing overhead red lights in accordance with section 17 shall activate the alternately flashing overhead red lights not less than 200 feet before the stop, stop the school bus on the roadway or private road to provide for the safety of the pupils being boarded or discharged, and continue to activate the alternately flashing overhead red lights while receiving or discharging pupils. The bus shall stop in the extreme right-hand lane when boarding or discharging pupils. Before resuming motion, the driver shall deactivate these lights and allow congested traffic to disperse where practicable. The deactivation of these lights is the signal for stopped traffic to proceed.

    (b) If the pupils are required to cross the roadway, the driver of a school bus equipped with red and amber alternately flashing overhead lights in accordance with section 19 shall activate the alternately flashing overhead amber lights not less than 200 feet before the stop, stop the bus on the roadway or private road to provide for the safety of the pupils being boarded or discharged, deactivate the alternately flashing overhead amber lights, and activate the alternately flashing overhead red lights while receiving or discharging pupils. The bus shall stop in the extreme right-hand lane for the purpose of boarding or discharging pupils. Before resuming motion, the driver shall deactivate these lights and allow congested traffic to disperse where practicable. The deactivation of these lights is the signal for stopped traffic to proceed.

    (c) If the pupils are not required to cross the roadway, the driver of a school bus equipped with only the alternately flashing overhead red lights in accordance with section 17 shall activate the alternately flashing overhead red lights not less than 200 feet before the stop, stop the bus as far off the roadway or private road as practicable to provide for the safety of the pupils being boarded or discharged, and continue to activate the alternately flashing overhead red lights while receiving or discharging pupils. Before resuming motion, the driver shall deactivate these lights and allow congested traffic to disperse where practicable. The deactivation of these lights is the signal for stopped traffic to proceed.

    (d) If the pupils are not required to cross the roadway, the driver of a school bus equipped with red and amber alternately flashing overhead lights in accordance with section 19 shall activate the alternately flashing overhead amber lights not less than 200 feet before the stop, stop the bus as far off the roadway or private road as practicable to provide for the safety of the pupils being boarded or discharged, deactivate the alternately flashing overhead amber lights, and activate the alternately flashing overhead red lights while receiving or discharging pupils. Before resuming motion, the driver shall deactivate these lights and allow congested traffic to disperse where practicable. The deactivation of these lights is the signal for stopped traffic to proceed.

    (e) If the pupils are not required to cross the roadway and where the road has adequate width for the school bus to be pulled to the far right of or off the roadway or private road allowing traffic to flow and to provide for the safety of pupils being boarded or discharged, the driver shall activate the hazard warning lights before the stop and continue to display the lights until the process of receiving or discharging passengers has been completed if the lawful speed limit is 50 miles per hour or less. Before resuming motion, the driver shall deactivate these lights. The driver of a school bus shall only use this procedure at stops where the school administrator or person or entity under contract with a school to provide pupil transportation services has approved its use. If this hazard warning light option is not used, the driver shall use the appropriate procedure in subdivision (a), (b), (c), or (d) as if pupils were not required to cross the roadway.

    (f) Except as provided in subdivision (e), if the pupils are not required to cross the roadway and where the school bus may be pulled off the roadway or private road or where the road has adequate width for the school bus to be pulled off to the far right of the roadway or private road leaving the normal traffic flow unobstructed and to provide for the safety of pupils being boarded or discharged, the driver shall activate the hazard warning lights before the stop and continue to display the lights until the process of receiving or discharging passengers has been completed. Before resuming motion, the driver shall deactivate these lights. The driver of a school bus shall only use this procedure at stops where the school administrator or entity under contract with a school to provide pupil transportation services has approved its use. If this hazard warning light option is not used, the driver shall use the appropriate procedure in subdivision (a), (b), (c), or (d) as if pupils were not required to cross the roadway.

    (g) The distance of not less than 200 feet required for light activation by this subsection shall be measured on the roadway or private road on which the stop is made for receiving or discharging pupils.

    (3) Pupils crossing the roadway upon being discharged from a school bus shall cross in front of the stopped school bus. If a school district authorizes its school bus drivers to signal pupils to cross in front of the stopped school bus, the signal shall be uniform throughout the school district.

    (4) The driver of a school bus shall not stop the bus for the purpose of receiving or discharging pupils in the following instances:

    (a) Within 200 feet of a public or private roadway intersection unless the stop is approved by the school administrator or entity under contract with a school to provide pupil transportation services.

    (b) Upon a limited access highway or freeway, or upon any other highway or roadway that has been divided into 2 roadways by leaving an intervening space, a physical barrier, or clearly divided sections so constructed as to impede vehicular traffic if the pupils are required to cross the roadway.

    (c) Upon a roadway constructed or marked to permit 3 or more separate lanes of vehicular traffic in either direction if the pupils are required to cross the roadway.

    (5) The driver of a school bus when using the alternately flashing overhead red lights shall not stop the bus on any highway or roadway for the purpose of receiving or discharging pupils under the following conditions:

    (a) If the lawful speed limit is more than 35 miles per hour and the stopped bus is not clearly and continuously visible to approaching vehicles on that highway or roadway for at least 400 feet. When the distance from the stopped bus to the end of the highway or roadway is less than 400 feet, clear and continuous visibility must be available from the bus to the end of the highway or roadway.

    (b) If the lawful speed limit is 35 miles per hour or less and the stopped bus is not clearly and continuously visible to approaching vehicles on that highway or roadway, for at least 200 feet. When the distance from the stopped bus to the end of the highway or roadway is less than 200 feet, clear and continuous visibility must be available from the bus to the end of the highway or roadway.

    (c) Within 50 feet of an intersection if the intersection is controlled by a traffic control signal.

    (6) A school may provide instruction on proper school bus etiquette which may include, but not be limited to, boarding and leaving the bus, evacuation of the bus in an emergency, and road crossing procedures and the correct hand signal in the district, if any. If a school uses school bus drivers for this instruction, the state board may reimburse the school for this training.

    (7) For the purpose of this section, “required to cross the roadway” does not include crossing the roadway with the assistance of a traffic control signal, or with the assistance of a school crossing guard as defined in section 57b of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.57b, and applies only to the roadway on which the stop is being made.

    (8) For purposes of this section, a school bus is clearly and continuously visible if both of the following standards are satisfied:

    (a) Approaching traffic is able to see the front of a school bus extending from the roofline to and including the headlamps at the distances specified in subsection (5).

    (b) Approaching traffic is able to see the back of a school bus extending from the roofline to and including the tail lamps and stop lamps at the distances specified in subsection (5).