Michigan Laws > Chapter 484 > Act 179 of 1991 > Article 2 – Michigan Public Service Commission
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Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 484 > Act 179 of 1991 > Article 2 - Michigan Public Service Commission
- Access service: means access to a local exchange network for the purpose of enabling a provider to originate or terminate telecommunication services within the local exchange. See Michigan Laws 484.2102
- Accredited association: means an association accredited in accordance with this act. See Michigan Laws 290.702
- Agricultural commodity: means all perishable fruits and vegetables as defined by the department. See Michigan Laws 290.702
- Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
- Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
- Association: means a cooperative association of producers or a division thereof, or a federation of cooperative associations of producers, engaged in the marketing, bargaining, shipping, or processing of an agricultural commodity on behalf of its members who are producers of the agricultural commodity. See Michigan Laws 290.702
- bargaining: means the mutual obligation of a handler and an accredited association or their designated representatives to meet at reasonable times and confer and negotiate in good faith. See Michigan Laws 290.713
- Buy: means to purchase, trade, or barter, or to offer to purchase, trade, or barter. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- case: means a proceeding as defined in section 3 of the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 484.2102
- Collect: means the harvest of wild ginseng. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- Collector: means a person who collects wild ginseng. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- Commission: means the Michigan public service commission. See Michigan Laws 484.2102
- Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
- Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
- Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Cultivated ginseng: means ginseng growing or grown in managed beds under artificial or natural shade and cultivated according to recognized ginseng horticultural practices. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- Dealer: means a person who buys, collects, or otherwise acquires ginseng roots in this state for resale or trade. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- Department: means the department of agriculture. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- Department: means the department of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 290.702
- Director: means the director of the department of agriculture or an authorized representative of the director. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
- End user: means the retail subscriber of a telecommunication service. See Michigan Laws 484.2102
- Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
- Exchange: means 1 or more contiguous central offices and all associated facilities within a geographical area in which basic local exchange service is offered by a provider. See Michigan Laws 484.2102
- Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. Source: OCC
- Ginseng: means Panaxquinquefolius L. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- Grower: means a person who grows cultivated ginseng. See Michigan Laws 290.753
- Handler: means a person other than an association engaged in the business or practice of any of the following:
(i) Acquiring agricultural commodities from producers or associations for processing or sale. See Michigan Laws 290.702Harvest: means to cut, pick, dig, root up, or gather ginseng. See Michigan Laws 290.753 in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury. Interconnection: means the technical arrangements and other elements necessary to permit the connection between the switched networks of 2 or more providers to enable a telecommunication service originating on the network of 1 provider to terminate on the network of another provider. See Michigan Laws 484.2102 Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. local exchange service: means the provision of an access line and usage within a local calling area for the transmission of high-quality 2-way interactive switched voice or data communication. See Michigan Laws 484.2102 Member: means a producer who has entered into a contract with an association appointing the association as his or her exclusive agent in negotiations with handlers with respect to the marketing of an agricultural commodity. See Michigan Laws 290.702 Natural habitat: means the environment where a species exists as a natural population. See Michigan Laws 290.753 Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period. Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses. Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, or association. See Michigan Laws 290.702 Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, governmental entity, or any other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 484.2102 Person: means an individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 290.753 Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer. Producer: means any person who produces or causes to be produced in any 1 marketing period within the previous 2 marketing periods any agricultural commodity in a quantity beyond his or her own family use and having a minimum value at first point of sale as determined by the department for that agricultural commodity, and who is able, during the marketing period, to transfer to a handler or an association a merchantable title to the agricultural commodity or provide management, labor, machinery, facilities, or any other production input, with the assumption of risk, for the production of the agricultural commodity under a written or oral contract. See Michigan Laws 290.702 provider: means a person that for compensation provides 1 or more telecommunication services. See Michigan Laws 484.2102 Purchaser: means a person who buys or otherwise acquires ginseng from a grower, collector, or other purchaser for resale or trade. See Michigan Laws 290.753 Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant. Sell: means to sell, trade, or barter, or to offer to sell, trade, or barter. See Michigan Laws 290.753 services: includes regulated and unregulated services offered to customers for the transmission of 2-way interactive communication and associated usage. See Michigan Laws 484.2102 Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims. shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony. Testify: Answer questions in court. Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries. Unfair practices: means those practices prohibited under section 4. See Michigan Laws 290.702 Wild ginseng: means ginseng growing or grown in an uncultivated state or harvested from its natural habitat. See Michigan Laws 290.753 Woodsgrown ginseng: means ginseng growing or grown in managed beds under natural shade. See Michigan Laws 290.753