Texas Business Organizations Code 21.729 – Limitation of Shareholder’s Liability
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(a) A shareholder of a close corporation described by § 21.725 is not liable because of a shareholders’ vote or shareholder action without a vote unless the shareholder had the right to vote or consent to the action.
(b) A shareholder of a close corporation, without regard to the right to vote or consent, may not be held liable for an action taken by the shareholders or a person empowered to manage the business and affairs of the close corporation under a shareholders’ agreement if the shareholder dissents from and has not voted for or consented to the action.
Terms Used In Texas Business Organizations Code 21.729
- Business: means a trade, occupation, profession, or other commercial activity. See Texas Business Organizations Code 1.002
- Close corporation: means a for-profit corporation that elects to be governed as a close corporation in accordance with Subchapter Texas Business Organizations Code 1.002
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Corporation: means an entity governed as a corporation under Title 2 or 7. See Texas Business Organizations Code 1.002
- Governing documents: means :
(A) in the case of a domestic entity:
(i) the certificate of formation for a domestic filing entity or the document or agreement under which a domestic nonfiling entity is formed; and
(ii) the other documents or agreements adopted by the entity under this code to govern the formation or the internal affairs of the entity; or
(B) in the case of a foreign entity, the instruments, documents, or agreements adopted under the law of its jurisdiction of formation to govern the formation or the internal affairs of the entity. See Texas Business Organizations Code 1.002 - Person: means an individual or a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, business trust, trust, association, or other organization, estate, government or governmental subdivision or agency, or other legal entity, or a protected series or registered series of a domestic limited liability company or foreign entity. See Texas Business Organizations Code 1.002
- Secretary: means the:
(A) individual designated as secretary of an entity under the entity's governing documents; or
(B) officer or committee of persons authorized to perform the functions of secretary of an entity without regard to the designated name of the officer or committee. See Texas Business Organizations Code 1.002 - written: means an expression of words, letters, characters, numbers, symbols, figures, or other textual information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium that is retrievable in a perceivable form. See Texas Business Organizations Code 1.002
(c) The dissent of a shareholder may be proven by:
(1) an entry in the minutes of the meeting of shareholders;
(2) a written dissent filed with the secretary of the meeting before the adjournment of the meeting;
(3) a written dissent that is sent to the secretary of the close corporation:
(A) promptly after the meeting or after a written consent was obtained from the other shareholders; and
(B) by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, or by other means specified in the corporation’s governing documents; or
(4) any other means reasonably evidencing the dissent.