(a) Subject to § 147.121, a claimant may not recover the following damages in an action:
(1) damages for mental anguish, loss of consortium, or loss of companionship;
(2) exemplary or punitive damages unless the claimant proves by clear and convincing evidence that the conduct of the defendant was committed with fraud or malice;
(3) additional damages under § 17.50(b)(1), Business & Commerce Code, unless the trier of fact finds the conduct of the defendant was committed with fraud or malice; or
(4) consequential damages, unless they were reasonably foreseeable.
(b) In this section:
(1) “Fraud” means fraud other than constructive fraud.
(2) “Malice” means a specific intent by the defendant to cause substantial injury to the claimant.

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Terms Used In Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code 147.122

  • Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
  • Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.