(a) The executive commissioner or commission may require the holder of a license issued by the agency to pay annually to the issuing agency an amount determined by the issuing agency if continuing or perpetual maintenance, surveillance, or other care is required after termination of a licensed activity.
(b) The issuing agency annually shall review the license holder’s payments under this section to determine if the payment schedule is adequate for the maintenance and surveillance that the licensed activity requires or may require in the future.

(c) The issuing agency may review estimates of costs that are required to be incurred under this chapter in accordance with the need, nature, and cost of decontamination, stabilization, decommissioning, reclamation, and disposal activity and the maintenance and surveillance required for public health and safety and the environment.
(d) The issuing agency shall set the charges for maintenance and perpetual care at amounts consistent with existing technology.
(e) The issuing agency may not impose charges that exceed the amount that the issuing agency projects to be required for maintenance, surveillance, and other necessary care required after the licensed activity is terminated.
(f) An increase in costs may not be applied retroactively but may apply to increases in subsequent annual payments.
(g) If a license holder satisfies the obligations under this chapter, the issuing agency shall have the comptroller promptly refund to the license holder from the perpetual care account or the environmental radiation and perpetual care account, as applicable, the excess of the amount of all payments made by the license holder to the issuing agency and the investment earnings of those payments over the amount determined to be required for the continuing maintenance and surveillance of land, buildings, and radioactive material conveyed to the state.