(a) The total tax imposed by this chapter is due and payable not later than:
(1) March 1 after the end of the calendar year for which the tax is due;
(2) the date the annual statement for the insurer or health maintenance organization is required to be filed with the commissioner after the end of the calendar year for which the tax is due; or
(3) another date prescribed by the comptroller.
(b) An insurer or health maintenance organization that had a net tax liability for the previous calendar year of more than $1,000 shall make semiannual prepayments of tax on March 1 and August 1. The tax paid on each date must be equal to 50 percent of the total amount of tax the insurer or health maintenance organization paid under this chapter for the previous calendar year. If the insurer or health maintenance organization did not pay a tax under this chapter during the previous calendar year, the tax paid on each date must be equal to the tax that would be owed on the aggregate of the taxable gross premiums or taxable gross revenues for the two previous calendar quarters.

(c) The comptroller may refund any overpayment of taxes that results from the semiannual prepayment system prescribed by this section.