Terms Used In Utah Code > Title 11 > Chapter 51a - Catastrophic Public Nuisance Act

• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• board of directors: means the group of persons with responsibility over, or management of, a corporation, however designated. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Catastrophic public nuisance: means a condition on state or federal land where natural resources and biota have been managed or neglected to such an extent as to cause:
       (1)(a) the threat of a catastrophic wildfire demonstrated by:

            (1)(a)(i) stand density, basal area, or ground fuel load greater than 150% of land health standards; or

            (1)(a)(ii) an insect or disease infestation severe enough to threaten the mortality of at least 20% of the trees in the area; or
       (1)(b) a condition in the area that threatens the:

            (1)(b)(i) quantity or quality of the public water supply of a political subdivision;

            (1)(b)(ii) health, safety, or welfare of the citizens of a political subdivision;

            (1)(b)(iii) air quality of a nonattainment area; or

            (1)(b)(iv) vegetative resources required to support land health and authorized livestock grazing. See Utah Code 11-51a-102
• Certificate: means evidence of insurance given to:
       (23)(a) an insured under a group insurance policy; or
       (23)(b) a third party. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Chief executive officer: means :
       (2)(a) for a municipality:

            (2)(a)(i) the mayor, if the municipality is operating under a form of municipal government other than the council-manager form of government; or

            (2)(a)(ii) the city manager, if the municipality is operating under the council-manager form of government;
       (2)(b) for a county:

            (2)(b)(i) the chair of the county commission, if the county is operating under the county commission or expanded county commission form of government;

            (2)(b)(ii) the county executive officer, if the county is operating under the county-executive form of government; or

            (2)(b)(iii) the county manager, if the county is operating under the council-manager form of government. See Utah Code 11-51a-102
• City: means a municipality that is classified by population as a city of the first class, a city of the second class, a city of the third class, a city of the fourth class, or a city of the fifth class, under Section 10-2-301. See Utah Code 10-1-104
• City: includes , depending on population, a metro township as defined in Section 10-3c-102. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Claimant: means :
            (3)(a)(i) an insured making a first-party claim; or
            (3)(a)(ii) a person instituting a liability claim. See Utah Code 31A-28-203
• Consumer: means a natural person who rents personal property under a rental purchase agreement to be used primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Utah Code 15-8-3
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Corporation: means an insurance corporation, except when referring to:
            (34)(a)(i) a corporation doing business:

                 (34)(a)(i)(A) as:

                      (34)(a)(i)(A)(I) an insurance producer;

                      (34)(a)(i)(A)(II) a surplus lines producer;

                      (34)(a)(i)(A)(III) a limited line producer;

                      (34)(a)(i)(A)(IV) a consultant;

                      (34)(a)(i)(A)(V) a managing general agent;

                      (34)(a)(i)(A)(VI) a reinsurance intermediary;

                      (34)(a)(i)(A)(VII) a third party administrator; or

                      (34)(a)(i)(A)(VIII) an adjuster; and

                 (34)(a)(i)(B) under:

                      (34)(a)(i)(B)(I) Chapter 23a, Insurance Marketing - Licensing Producers, Consultants, and Reinsurance Intermediaries;

                      (34)(a)(i)(B)(II) Chapter 25, Third Party Administrators; or

                      (34)(a)(i)(B)(III) Chapter 26, Insurance Adjusters; or
            (34)(a)(ii) a noninsurer that is part of a holding company system under Chapter 16, Insurance Holding Companies. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
• County executive: means :
       (7)(a) the county commission, in the county commission or expanded county commission form of government established under Title 17, Chapter 52a, Changing Forms of County Government;
       (7)(b) the county executive, in the county executive-council optional form of government authorized by Section 17-52a-203; or
       (7)(c) the county manager, in the council-manager optional form of government authorized by Section 17-52a-204. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• County sheriff: means an individual:
       (3)(a) elected to the office of county sheriff; and
       (3)(b) who fulfills the duties described in Subsection 17-22-1. See Utah Code 11-51a-102
• Covered claim: means an unpaid claim, including an unpaid claim under a personal lines policy for unearned premiums submitted by a claimant, if:
            (4)(a)(i) the claim arises out of the coverage;
            (4)(a)(ii) the claim is within the coverage;
            (4)(a)(iii) the claim is not in excess of the applicable limits of an insurance policy to which this part applies;
            (4)(a)(iv) the insurer who issued the policy becomes an insolvent insurer; and
            (4)(a)(v)

                 (4)(a)(v)(A) the claimant or insured is a resident of this state at the time of the insured event; or

                 (4)(a)(v)(B) the claim is a first-party claim for damage to property that is permanently located in this state. See Utah Code 31A-28-203
• Creditor: means a person, including an insured, having a claim, whether:
       (39)(a) matured;
       (39)(b) unmatured;
       (39)(c) liquidated;
       (39)(d) unliquidated;
       (39)(e) secured;
       (39)(f) unsecured;
       (39)(g) absolute;
       (39)(h) fixed; or
       (39)(i) contingent. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Division: means the Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands. See Utah Code 65A-1-1
• Equal: means , with respect to biological sex, of the same value. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Federal agency: means the:
       (4)(a) United States Bureau of Land Management;
       (4)(b) United States Forest Service;
       (4)(c) United States Fish and Wildlife Service; or
       (4)(d) National Park Service. See Utah Code 11-51a-102
• Federally managed land: means land that is managed by a federal agency. See Utah Code 11-51a-102
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Form: means one of the following prepared for general use:
            (74)(a)(i) a policy;
            (74)(a)(ii) a certificate;
            (74)(a)(iii) an application;
            (74)(a)(iv) an outline of coverage; or
            (74)(a)(v) an endorsement. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• insolvent: means that:
       (95)(a) an insurer is unable to pay the insurer's obligations as the obligations are due;
       (95)(b) an insurer's total adjusted capital is less than the insurer's mandatory control level RBC under Subsection 31A-17-601(8)(c); or
       (95)(c) an insurer's admitted assets are less than the insurer's liabilities. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Insolvent insurer: means a member insurer that is placed under an order of liquidation by a court of competent jurisdiction with a finding of insolvency. See Utah Code 31A-28-203
• Insurance: includes :
            (96)(b)(i) a risk distributing arrangement providing for compensation or replacement for damages or loss through the provision of a service or a benefit in kind;
            (96)(b)(ii) a contract of guaranty or suretyship entered into by the guarantor or surety as a business and not as merely incidental to a business transaction; and
            (96)(b)(iii) a plan in which the risk does not rest upon the person who makes an arrangement, but with a class of persons who have agreed to share the risk. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Insured: means a person to whom or for whose benefit an insurer makes a promise in an insurance policy and includes:
            (103)(a)(i) a policyholder;
            (103)(a)(ii) a subscriber;
            (103)(a)(iii) a member; and
            (103)(a)(iv) a beneficiary. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Land: includes :
       (18)(a) land;
       (18)(b) a tenement;
       (18)(c) a hereditament;
       (18)(d) a water right;
       (18)(e) a possessory right; and
       (18)(f) a claim. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Lessor: means a person who regularly provides the use of property through rental purchase agreements and to whom rental payments are initially payable on the face of a rental purchase agreement. See Utah Code 15-8-3
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Member: means a person having membership rights in an insurance corporation. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Member insurer: means any person who:
       (6)(a) writes any kind of insurance to which this part applies under Section 31A-28-202, including the exchange of reciprocal or inter-insurance contracts; and
       (6)(b) is licensed to transact insurance in this state. See Utah Code 31A-28-203
• Month: means a calendar month, unless otherwise expressed. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Municipal: means of or relating to a municipality. See Utah Code 10-1-104
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Order: means an order of the commissioner. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Person: includes :
       (146)(a) an individual;
       (146)(b) a partnership;
       (146)(c) a corporation;
       (146)(d) an incorporated or unincorporated association;
       (146)(e) a joint stock company;
       (146)(f) a trust;
       (146)(g) a limited liability company;
       (146)(h) a reciprocal;
       (146)(i) a syndicate; or
       (146)(j) another similar entity or combination of entities acting in concert. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Person: means :
       (24)(a) an individual;
       (24)(b) an association;
       (24)(c) an institution;
       (24)(d) a corporation;
       (24)(e) a company;
       (24)(f) a trust;
       (24)(g) a limited liability company;
       (24)(h) a partnership;
       (24)(i) a political subdivision;
       (24)(j) a government office, department, division, bureau, or other body of government; and
       (24)(k) any other organization or entity. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Policy: includes a service contract issued by:
            (150)(b)(i) a motor club under Chapter 11, Motor Clubs;
            (150)(b)(ii) a service contract provided under Chapter 6a, Service Contracts; and
            (150)(b)(iii) a corporation licensed under:

                 (150)(b)(iii)(A) Chapter 7, Nonprofit Health Service Insurance Corporations; or

                 (150)(b)(iii)(B) Chapter 8, Health Maintenance Organizations and Limited Health Plans. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Political subdivision: means a municipality or county. See Utah Code 11-51a-102
• Premium: includes , however designated:
            (156)(b)(i) an assessment;
            (156)(b)(ii) a membership fee;
            (156)(b)(iii) a required contribution; or
            (156)(b)(iv) monetary consideration. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Proceeding: includes an action or special statutory proceeding. See Utah Code 31A-1-301
• Process: means a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Property: includes both real and personal property. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• real property: includes :
       (31)(a) land;
       (31)(b) a tenement;
       (31)(c) a hereditament;
       (31)(d) a water right;
       (31)(e) a possessory right; and
       (31)(f) a claim. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Rental purchase agreement: means an agreement for the use of personal property by a natural person primarily for personal, family, or household purposes for an initial period of four months or less that is automatically renewable with each payment after the initial period, but which does not obligate or require the consumer to continue renting or using the property beyond the initial period, and that permits the consumer to become the owner of the property. See Utah Code 15-8-3
• Residence: means , for entities other than a natural person, the state where the principal place of business of a claimant, insured, or policyholder is located at the time of the insured event. See Utah Code 31A-28-203
• State: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes a state, district, or territory of the United States. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Town: means a municipality classified by population as a town under Section 10-2-301. See Utah Code 10-1-104
• United States: includes each state, district, and territory of the United States of America. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Writing: includes :
       (48)(a) printing;
       (48)(b) handwriting; and
       (48)(c) information stored in an electronic or other medium if the information is retrievable in a perceivable format. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5