Vermont Statutes Title 11 Sec. 1-42
Terms Used In Vermont Statutes Title 11 Sec. 1-42
- articles: include amended and restated articles of incorporation and articles of merger. See
- Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
- Bylaws: means the code or codes of rules (other than the articles) adopted pursuant to this title for the regulation or management of the affairs of the corporation, stored or depicted in any tangible or electronic medium, and irrespective of the name or names by which such rules are designated. See
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Corporation: means public benefit and mutual benefit corporation. See
- Delegates: means those persons elected or appointed to vote in a representative assembly for the election of a director or directors or on other matters. See
- Directors: means individuals, designated in the articles or bylaws or elected by the incorporators, and their successors and individuals elected or appointed by any other name or title to act as members of the board. See
- Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
- Meeting: means any structured communications conducted by participants in person or through the use of an electronic or telecommunications medium permitting simultaneous or sequentially structured communications. See
- Member: means (without regard to what a person is called in the articles or bylaws) any person or persons who on more than one occasion, pursuant to a provision of a corporation's articles or bylaws, have the right to vote for the election of a director or directors. See
- Proceeding: includes civil suit and criminal, administrative, and investigatory action. See
- Vote: includes authorization by written ballot and written consent. See
§ 1.42. Judicial relief
(a) If for any reason it is impractical or impossible for any corporation to call or conduct a meeting of its members, delegates, or directors, or otherwise obtain their consent, in the manner prescribed by its articles, bylaws, or this title, then upon petition of a director, officer, delegate, member, or the Attorney General, the Superior Court may order that such a meeting be called or that a written ballot or other form of obtaining the vote of members, delegates, or directors be authorized, in such a manner as the court finds fair and equitable under the circumstances.
(b) The court shall, in an order issued pursuant to this section, provide for a method of notice reasonably designed to give actual notice to all persons who would be entitled to notice of a meeting held pursuant to the articles, bylaws, and this title, whether or not the method results in actual notice to all such persons or conforms to the notice requirements that would otherwise apply. In a proceeding under this section the court may determine who the members or directors are.
(c) The order issued pursuant to this section may dispense with any requirement relating to the holding of or voting at meetings or obtaining votes, including any requirement as to quorums or as to the number or percentage of votes needed for approval, that would otherwise be imposed by the articles, bylaws, or this title.
(d) Whenever practical, any order issued pursuant to this section shall limit the subject matter of meetings or other forms of consent authorized to items, including amendments to the articles or bylaws, the resolution of which will or may enable the corporation to continue managing its affairs without further resort to this section; provided, however, that an order under this section may also authorize the obtaining of whatever votes and approvals are necessary for the dissolution, merger, or sale of assets.
(e) Any meeting or other method of obtaining the vote of members, delegates, or directors conducted pursuant to an order issued under this section, and which complies with all the provisions of such order, is for all purposes a valid meeting or vote, as the case may be, and shall have the same force and effect as if it complied with every requirement imposed by the articles, bylaws, and this title. (Added 1995, No. 179 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1997.)
Vermont Statutes Title 11 Sec. 1-42
Terms Used In Vermont Statutes Title 11 Sec. 1-42
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Entity: includes corporation and foreign corporation; not-for-profit corporation; profit and not-for-profit unincorporated association; business trust, estate, partnership, trust, and two or more persons having a joint or common economic interest; and state, United States, and foreign government. See
- following: when used by way of reference to a section of the law shall mean the next preceding or following section. See
- Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
- Person: includes individual and entity. See
- Shareholder: means the person in whose name shares are registered in the records of a corporation or upon presentation for registration are entitled to be registered in the records of a corporation. See
§ 1.42. Number of shareholders
(a) For purposes of this title, the following identified as a shareholder in a corporation‘s current record of shareholders constitutes one shareholder:
(1) all co-owners of the same shares;
(2) a corporation, partnership, trust, estate, or other entity;
(3) the trustees, guardians, custodians, or other fiduciaries of a single trust, estate, or account.
(b) For purposes of this title, shareholdings registered in substantially similar names constitute one shareholder if it is reasonable to believe that the names represent the same person. The provisions of this subsection shall not affect the voting rights of shareholders under chapter 7 of this title. (Added 1993, No. 85, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1994.)