West Virginia Code 23-5-12a – Appeal of board decisions to the Intermediate Court of Appeals; procedure; remand and supplemental hearing; effective July 1, 2022
(a) Any employer, employee, claimant, or dependent who shall feel aggrieved by a decision of the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review shall have the right to appeal to the West Virginia Intermediate Court of Appeals, created by § 51-11-1 et seq. of this code, for a review of such action. The Insurance Commissioner, other private insurance carriers, and self-insured employers, whichever is applicable, shall likewise have the right to appeal to the Intermediate Court of Appeals any final action taken by the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review. The aggrieved party shall file a written notice of appeal with the Intermediate Court of Appeals, with a copy to the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review, within 30 days after receipt of notice of the action complained of or, in any event, regardless of notice, within 60 days after the date of the action complained of: Provided, That unless the notice of appeal is filed within the time specified, no appeal shall be allowed: Provided, however, That the time limitation is a condition of the right to appeal and hence jurisdictional. The board shall notify the other parties immediately upon the filing of a notice of appeal. The notice of appeal shall state the grounds for review and whether oral argument is requested. The Workers’ Compensation Board of Review, after receiving a copy of the notice of appeal, shall forthwith make up a transcript of any proceedings before the board of review and certify and transmit it to the Intermediate Court of Appeals. The certificate shall incorporate a brief recital of the proceedings in the matter and recite each order entered or decision issued and the date thereof.
Terms Used In West Virginia Code 23-5-12a
- Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
- Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
- in writing: includes any representation of words, letters, or figures, whether by printing, engraving, writing, or otherwise. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10
- Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
- Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
- Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
- State: when applied to a part of the United States and not restricted by the context, includes the District of Columbia and the several territories, and the words "United States" also include the said district and territories. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10
- Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
(b) The Intermediate Court of Appeals shall set a time and place for the hearing of arguments on each claim and shall notify the interested parties thereof. The review by the court shall be based upon the record submitted to it and such oral argument as may be requested and received. The Intermediate Court of Appeals may affirm, reverse, modify, or supplement the decision of the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review and make such disposition of the case as it determines to be appropriate. Briefs may be filed by the interested parties in accordance with the rules of procedure prescribed by the court. The Intermediate Court of Appeals may affirm the order or decision of the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review or remand the case for further proceedings. It shall reverse, vacate, or modify the order or decision of the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review, if the substantial rights of the petitioner or petitioners have been prejudiced because the Board of Review’s findings are:
(1) In violation of statutory provisions;
(2) In excess of the statutory authority or jurisdiction of the Board of Review;
(3) Made upon unlawful procedures;
(4) Affected by other error of law;
(5) Clearly wrong in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence on the whole record; or
(6) Arbitrary or capricious or characterized by abuse of discretion or clearly unwarranted exercise of discretion.
(c) After a review of the case, the Intermediate Court of Appeals shall issue a written decision and send a copy by mail to the parties.
(1) All decisions, findings of fact, and conclusions of law of the Intermediate Court of Appeals shall be in writing and state with specificity the laws and facts relied upon to sustain, reverse, or modify the Board of Review’s decision.
(2) A decision of the Intermediate Court of Appeals is binding upon the Insurance Commissioner, other private insurance carriers, and self-insured employers, whichever is applicable, with respect to the parties involved in the particular appeal. The Insurance Commissioner, other private insurance carriers, and self-insured employers, whichever is applicable, shall have the right to seek judicial review of a final decision of the Intermediate Court of Appeals, pursuant to § 51-11-10 of this code, irrespective of whether the party appeared or participated in the appeal to the Intermediate Court of Appeals.
(d) Instead of affirming, reversing, or modifying the decision of the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review, the Intermediate Court of Appeals may, upon motion of any party or upon its own motion, for good cause shown, to be set forth in the order of the court, remand the case to the Board of Review for the taking of such new, additional, or further evidence as in the opinion of the court considers necessary for a full and complete development of the facts of the case. In the event the Intermediate Court of Appeals shall remand the case to the Board of Review for the taking of further evidence, the Board of Review shall proceed to take new, additional, or further evidence in accordance with any instruction given by the court within 30 days after receipt of the order remanding the case. The Workers’ Compensation Board of Review shall give to the interested parties at least 10 days’ written notice of the supplemental hearing, unless the taking of evidence is postponed by agreement of parties, or by the Board of Review for good cause. After the completion of a supplemental hearing, the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review shall, within 60 days, render its decision affirming, reversing, or modifying the former action of the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review. The decision shall be appealable to, and proceeded with, by the Intermediate Court of Appeals in the same manner as other appeals. In addition, upon a finding of good cause, the court may remand the case to the Insurance Commissioner, other private insurance carriers, or self-insured employers, whichever is applicable, for further development. Any decision made by the Insurance Commissioner, other private insurance carriers, or self-insured employers, whichever is applicable, following a remand, shall be subject to objection to the Workers’ Compensation Board of Review and not to the Intermediate Court of Appeals. The Intermediate Court of Appeals may remand any case as often as, in its opinion, is necessary for a full development and just decision of the case.
(e) In all proceedings before the Intermediate Court of Appeals, any party may be represented by counsel.
(f) This section becomes effective on July 1, 2022.