West Virginia Code 47-16-4 – Requirements for conduct of agency
(a) License. — No person, firm, corporation or association shall conduct within this state a collection agency without having first applied for and obtained a business franchise registration certificate pursuant to section two, article twelve, chapter eleven of this code, nor shall any person, firm, corporation or association establish or operate a collection agency or the business of a collection agency, unless such person, firm, corporation or association maintains an office within the State of West Virginia. The business franchise registration certificate shall be deemed the collection agency's license. A license is required for each collection agency, including each principal office and all branch offices thereof.
Terms Used In West Virginia Code 47-16-4
- Collection agency: means and includes all persons, firms, corporations and associations: (1) Directly or indirectly engaged in the business of soliciting from or collecting for others any account, bill or indebtedness originally due or asserted to be owed or due another and all persons, firms, corporations and associations directly or indirectly engaged in asserting, enforcing or prosecuting those claims. See West Virginia Code 47-16-2
- Commissioner: means the State Tax Commissioner or his or her agent. See West Virginia Code 47-16-2
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Customer: means any person, firm, corporation or association who has filed, assigned or sold any claim or chose in action with or to a collection agency for collection. See West Virginia Code 47-16-2
- Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
- in writing: includes any representation of words, letters, or figures, whether by printing, engraving, writing, or otherwise. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10
- Judgment: includes decrees and orders for the payment of money, or the conveyance or delivery of land or personal property, or some interest therein, or any undertaking, bond or recognizance which has the legal effect of a judgment. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10
- Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
- Licensee: means any person holding a business franchise registration certificate under section two, article twelve, chapter . See West Virginia Code 47-16-2
- State: when applied to a part of the United States and not restricted by the context, includes the District of Columbia and the several territories, and the words "United States" also include the said district and territories. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10
(b) Bond. — Each applicant shall file with the commissioner a continuing surety bond executed by a corporation which is licensed to transact the business of fidelity and surety insurance in the State of West Virginia to run concurrently with the registration tax period, which bond must be filed with, and approved by, said commissioner before the license herein provided may be issued. A separate bond shall be filed for each collection agency including each principal office and all branch offices thereof. Each bond shall be in the amount of $5,000 payable to the State of West Virginia, and conditioned that any such person will pay all damages to the state or a private person resulting from any unlawful act or action by such person or his or its agent in connection with the conduct of the business of the collection agency. This continuing bond shall be filed with the Tax Commissioner.
An action may be brought in any court of competent jurisdiction upon the bond by any person to whom the licensee fails to account and pay as set forth in such bond. The aggregate liability of the surety for all breaches of the condition of the bond shall not exceed the sum of such bond.
Upon entering judgment for the prevailing party in any action on the bond required by this article, the court shall include in the judgment, reasonable compensation for the services of such party's attorney in the action.
The license of any licensee shall be void upon termination of the bond of the surety company, unless, prior to such termination, a new bond has been filed with the commissioner.
Should the license of any surety company to transact business in this state be terminated, all bonds given pursuant to this article upon which such company is surety shall thereupon be suspended, and the commissioner shall immediately notify each affected licensee of such suspension and require that a new bond be filed. This notice shall be by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, and shall be addressed to the licensee at his or its principal place of business as shown by the commissioner's records. The failure of any licensee to file a bond with new or additional surety within thirty days after being advised in writing by the commissioner of the necessity to do so shall be cause for the commissioner to revoke the license.
(c) Record Keeping. — Each collection agency licensed to operate in this state shall keep a record of all sums collected by such agency and of all disbursements made by such agency, and shall maintain or make available all such records and all records as to customers' funds at such agency's principal place of business within this state. Each collection agency shall maintain records of collections for and payments to customers for a period of six years from the date of last entry therein.
No collection agency, nor any employee thereof, shall intentionally make a false entry in any such collection agency record nor intentionally mutilate, destroy or otherwise dispose of any such record within the time limits provided in this section. Such records shall at all times be open for inspection by the commissioner, or his duly appointed representative.
No licensee shall commingle the money of collection agency customers with other moneys, but shall maintain a separate trust account in a bank for customers' funds.
Each collection agency shall, within a period of thirty days after the close of each and every calendar month, pay to such agency's customers the net proceeds due on all collections made during the preceding calendar month. When the net proceeds due the customer are less than $5 at the end of any calendar month, the collection agency may defer for a period not to exceed ninety days the payment of said proceeds, if monthly statements are mailed or delivered to the customer.